Quality-of-life-related factors in adolescents

Objetivo: Conocer la calidad de vida (CV) y su relación con estilos de vida en adolescentes de educación secundaria. Método: Estudio observacional transversal con 256 estudiantes de 12 a 17 años de edad, de la provincia de Sevilla (Espana). Se utilizaron modelos de regresión lineal múltiple (p <0,05). Resultados: Los chicos presentan mayor puntuación en diversas dimensiones de CV, relacionándose inversamente el ser chica y la CV física, psicológica, familiar y el índice general de CV (p <0,05). El funcionamiento familiar y la realización de actividad física se asociaron fuertemente a una mejor CV, en todas sus dimensiones. Los modelos multivariados fueron estadísticamente significativos y explicaron desde el 11% de variabilidad de la CV social hasta el 35% del Índice general de CV. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos podrían ser útiles para el desarrollo de intervenciones de promoción de la salud escolar dirigidas a promover estilos de vida saludables y CV.Objective: To determine quality oflife (QoL) and its relationship to lifestyles in adolescents in high schools. Methods: Cross-sectional, observational study with 256 students aged 12 to 17 in Seville (Spain). Multiple linear regression models were tested (p <0.05). Results: The boys had higher scores in most of the QoL areas. The female gender was inversely related to physical, psychological,familial QoL areas and the general QoL index. Family functionality and performing physical activity were the factors most associated with better QoL in all areas. All multivariate models were statistically significant and explained from 11% of social QoL variability to 35% of the general QoL index. Conclusions: The findings could be useful for developing interventions to promote health in schools, with the objective of promoting healthy lifestyles and QoL

ESTELLE: A Method to Analyze Automatically the Performance of Telecontrol Protocols in SCADA Systems

This paper presents the use of ESTELLE, a formal description technique, as a method to calculate automatically the performance of telecontrol protocols in SCADAsystems. Some specific primitives are added to the ESTELLE description language in order to achieve that goal. As an example, we analyze the performance of a telecontrol protocol. The results from this method are compared to performance measurements obtained from analytical and simulated solutionsMinisterio de Ciencia y Tecnología TIC 2000-111

Efectividad de las tutorías para mejorar el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de Enfermería de la Universidad de Sevilla

In response to the increase of Higher Education support provided to tutoring programs, this paper presents the design, implementation and evaluation of a tutoring program to improve the academic performance of at-risk students enrolled in the last year of a nursing degree characterized by academic failure (failed courses). A controlled experimental study was carried out to evaluate a tutoring program that included a minimum of nine meetings performed by an expert professor as tutor. A questionnaire for assessing the academic needs was designed and interventions were performed when responses were: nothing, a little or something. Medium to large effects were found in the progress of failed course to passed course (p =.000, rφ = .30), improving the information about courses (p < .001, d = 2.01), the information comprehension (p < .001, d = 0.85) and the strategies to improve academic performance (p < .001, d = 1.37). The intervention group students’ response highlighted program satisfaction and effectiveness. The significance of the study lies in reinforcing the formal tutoring as a tool to improve academic performance in at-risk students.En respuesta al incremento del apoyo a la Educación Superior a los programas de tutoría, se presenta el diseño, implementación y evaluación de un programa de tutoría para mejorar el rendimiento académico de estudiantes en riesgo, caracterizado por fracaso académico en asignaturas de cursos previos, matriculados en el último año de Enfermería. Se realizó un estudio experimental controlado para evaluar un programa de tutoría que incluyó un mínimo de nueve reuniones realizadas por un profesor experto como tutor. Se diseñó un cuestionario para evaluar las necesidades académicas y se realizaron intervenciones cuando las respuestas fueron: nada, un poco o algo. Se hallaron efectos de tamaño medio a largo en el progreso de asignatura suspendida a asignatura aprobada (p =0,000, rφ = 0,30), mejorando la información sobre las asignaturas (p < 0,001, d = 2,01), la comprensión de la información (p < 0,001, d = 0,85) y las estrategias para mejorar el rendimiento académico (p < 0,001, d = 1,37). Como respuesta al programa, los estudiantes del grupo de intervención, destacaron la satisfacción con este y su efectividad. La importancia del estudio radica en reforzar la tutoría formal como una herramienta para mejorar el rendimiento académico en los estudiantes en riesgo.This research was supported by a grant from the University of Seville (Spain), project code: 058/A6-2009

Lifestyles and factors associated to nutrition and physical activity among adolescents

Introducción y objetivos: los objetivos del estudio han sido conocer los estilos de vida de los adolescentes del sur de España, en áreas de alimentación y actividad física, y analizar la influencia de variables sociodemográficas en los mismos. Métodos: se utilizó un diseño transversal correlacional con 204 estudiantes de educación secundaria. Se realizó análisis descriptivo, bivariante y multivariante usando modelos de regresión (α=0,05). Resultados: desayunaba a diario el 67%. Consumían más de seis veces a la semana: lácteos (56,3%), cereales (44,1%), frutas (40,7%) y verduras (28,5%). Hacían actividad física, al menos 60 minutos, 4,34 días a la semana y el índice de masa corporal se situó en normopeso (19,85). Mediante modelos lineales multivariantes se comprobó la influencia de la edad, el sexo/género y el estatus social sobre el índice de masa corporal, el consumo de frutas y verduras y la frecuencia de actividad física de estos adolescentes. Conclusiones: conocer las desigualdades en las áreas de alimentación y actividad física en los adolescentes, así como sus factores de riesgo o determinantes sociales puede ayudar en el diseño de estrategias y políticas de salud pública específicas, teniendo en cuenta estos determinantes sociales, a nivel normativo y mediante intervenciones de promoción de la salud nutricional y la actividad física.Introduction and objectives: the objective of this work was to know the lifestyles of adolescent of the South of Spain related to nutrition and physical activity and the risk and protection factors associated. Methods: a cross-sectional correlational study was carried out with 204 adolescents enrolled at high schools. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analysis using regression models were performed (á=0.05). Results: 63.7% had breakfast every day during the week (i.e. from Monday to Friday). They consumed more than six times a week: milk or dairy (56.3%), cereals (44.1%), fruits (40.7%), vegetables (28.5%), and soft-drinks (24.5%). They did physical activity, at least 60 minutes, an average of 4.34 days a week, the body mass index stood at normal weight (19.85). By means of linear multivariate models we tested the influences of age, gender, and socio-economic status on body max index, fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity frequency of adolescents. Conclusions: knowing the inequalities in nutrition and physical activity area of adolescents, as well as the risk factors or health determinants can help to stablish specific different strategies and public health policies, targeted to these determinants of health, which can be developed at normative level and by means of interventions of nutritional health and physical activity promotion

Opiniones de profesores y estudiantes de enfermería respecto al contenido de las tutorías

Objectives: To compare opinions of nursing professors and students of the University of Seville (Spain) on the themes addressed in the mentoring program, and to identify subject preferences of the students. Method: Previously validated questionnaires were given to 181 professors and 1015 students. A descriptive and bivariate analysis was conducted, supported by SPSS 18.0 (p&lt;0.05), and for the issue of subject preferences of the students, a qualitative analysis was conducted supported by ATLAS.ti 6. Results: 56.7% female professors, mean age 46.8 years. 77.3% female students, mean age 21.4 years. Of them, 93.4% of the professors and 63.2% of the students affirmed addressing academic issues and 62.4% and 36%, respectively, addressed any subject (p&lt;0.05), differences were observed in favour of the professors with training in mentoring (p&lt;0.05). Those with a higher academic degree and who teach full time addressed more academic and university issues while those with a lower academic degree and teaching part time addressed the health care subjects (p&lt;0.05). There were 868 comments on subject preferences of the students, highlighting the academic subjects (62.4%) and the professionalization subjects (18.2%). Conclusion: The sociodemographic characteristics and the professors’ prior training in mentoring influence the subject matter addressed in the mentoring program. It is important to make the opinions of these collectives known and to promote the training of the professors on this topic. Objetivos: Comparar opiniones de profesores y estudiantes de enfermería de la Universidad de Sevilla (España) sobre las cuestiones abordadas en las tutorías, e identificar preferencias temáticas de los estudiantes. Método: Se aplicaron cuestionarios previamente validados a 181 profesores y 1015 estudiantes. Se realizó análisis descriptivo y bivariante apoyado en SPSS 18.0 (p&lt;0,05) y para la pregunta sobre preferencias temáticas de los estudiantes, se realizó un análisis cualitativo apoyado en ATLAS.ti 6. Resultados: 56,7% profesoras, edad media 46,8 años. 77,3% alumnas, edad media 21,4 años. 93,4% profesores y 63,2% de estudiantes afirmaron abordar cuestiones académicas, y 62,4% y 36%, respectivamente, sobre cualquier tema (p&lt;0,05). Se observaron diferencias favorables a los profesores con formación en tutorías (p&lt;0,05). Los de mayor grado académico y tiempo completo abordaron más cuestiones académicas y universitarias mientras que los de menor grado académico y tiempo parcial las asistenciales (p&lt;0,05). Hubo 868 comentarios sobre preferencias temáticas de los estudiantes, subrayando los temas académicos (62,4%) y los profesionalizantes (18,2%). Conclusión: Las características sociodemográficas y la formación previa sobre tutorías del profesorado influyen en el abordaje temático en la tutoría. Es importante dar a conocer las opiniones de estos colectivos y fomentar la formación del profesorado en este tópico

Handball training and competition with facemasks in Galicia: the FISICOVID-DXTGALEGO protocols experience

[Abstract]: Objective: COVID-19 caused a complete stop in non-professional sports. The use of face masks for team sports is not a widely used measure in non-professional sports. The study aimed to evaluate the perception about using the mask and the adaptation difficulties related to training and competition in team sports following the FISICOVID-DXTGALEGO protocol. Methods: Seven hundred eighty-seven handball players from the Galician Handball Federation were followed during their return to participation after months of confinement through an electronic questionnaire of perception and experience on the use of a mask. Results: There is an excellent adaptation to the mask in training and competition with medium and high correlations. The 86,41% of players reported an adaptation to the mask in 3 weeks with a three times a week training frequency. The negative opinion on the mask was drastically reduced (-66.86%) after use. The 80,44%of players considered the use of a mask as an essential measure to resume competitions. Conclusions: It is very feasible to adapt to training and compete with amask (hygienic or surgical) in a short period. The use of a mask following these protocols changed previous opinions on the disadvantages of the mask during training and competition

Estudio de medios EBG basados en estructuras metálicas en forma de paralelepípedo

In this paper microstrip lines with periodic metallic structures on both sides have been studied. The basic unit cell is a parallelepiped with different metallization at the edges. The effects on the transmission in a standard microstrip line have been analysed by using both experimental and simulation (CST Microwave Studio®) techniques, obtaining an EBG behaviour similar to the one obtained with mushroom-like structures. The proposed structures present advantages in band gap size. Furthermore, the response does not dependent on the number of rows at the sides of the microstrip line.Ingeniería, Industria y Construcció

Estudio de doble lámina con estructuras quirales de cuatro manivelas bajo incidencia normal

A double plate with chiral structures based on three segment cranks is analysed for normal incidence and lineal polarization. Each structure is made with four three segment crank arranging a rectangular parallelepiped. These structures are distributed in a periodic configuration in each sheet, being the respective unit cells perfectly lined up. The response depends on spacing between plates. Interesting results are obtained for small spacing: the chiral behaviour depends on the spacing then the double sheet system can be used as tunable rotator.Ingeniería, Industria y Construcció

Diseño de medios EBG basados en estructuras quirales

In this work, a new EBG structure with inclusions of chiral elements is presented. We have studied the effect of crank type chiral inclusions on the propagation along a microstrip line and compared with the effects produced by mushroom type inclusions. It has been found that the inclusion of a row of structures of high chirality on both sides of a transmission line produces a band gap of wider bandwidth, to that obtained by the inclusion of other known elements used to create EBG media such as mushroom type structures. The current structure works in X-Band (8.2-12.4 GHz) but is easily applicable to other frequencies changing the size of crank inclusions.Ingeniería, Industria y Construcció