Chemical Properties that Determine Boron Availability in Sugar Cane Soils

Context: Several factors are limiting the behavior and dynamics of boron (B) in the soil. Few results on assimilable B contents in the soil and its relation to other chemical properties have been published. Objective: To determine the contents of assimilable B and the chemical properties that condition its availability in three of the main soil types where sugar cane is cultivated. Methods: The samples were taken at random from the surface (0-20 cm) of three of the main soil types where sugar cane is cultivated in Cuba. Soil assimilable B was determined by extraction with hot water. Classification of assimilable boron concentration relied on category ranges set up by Agrolab, (2005): low (˂0.5 mg kg-1), mid (0.5 a 2.0 mg kg-1), and high (˃2.0 mg kg-1). Results: The concentration of assimilable B varied according to the soil type, with a high dependence on chemical properties. Conclusions: The B contents was highly dependent on variables K2O, P2O5, Mg+ and Na+. The average B concentration was within mid-range values in vertisols and low in brown and ferralitic soils, with high variability. The contents of assimilable B should be further studied, along with the effect of limiting chemical, physical, and biological factors on the soil

Nuevo modelo de evaluación asistida por ordenador en educación a distancia

Nowadays, we look for the ideal way to authenticate users but we have found that the access systems to information along with the technologies that are commonly available do not ensure the identity of users. In general, protected resources which can only be accessed by specific individuals, can use the assignment of roles or be managed by an administrator who controls access to the system. In addition, many webs have auditing tools by default. Auditing is a strong tool that lets us control the users’ activities. We can also trace actions that are not permitted. The inconvenience of this is the weak wall of privacy that users have. Given these general tools, the issue to be considered is how to ensure the identity of the users. The challenge of this project was to combine the traditional ways of authentication with something uniquely personal to the user within the online educational communities at university.En la actualidad, en aras de buscar un medio para autenticar a los usuarios, se comprueba que los sistemas de acceso a la información junto con las tecnologías de las que se dispone comúnmente no aseguran la identidad de las personas que acceden. En general, aquellos recursos protegidos y solo accesibles a un público en concreto pueden seguir políticas de asignación de roles o gestión de accesos por parte de un administrador. Además, muchas páginas disponen de herramientas de auditoría por defecto, que si bien la privacidad de los usuarios se ve reducida, pueden monitorizar y trazar el rastro de acciones no permitidas. Ante estas herramientas, queda pendiente asegurar la identidad del usuario. La investigación que se presenta en este artículo, tuvo como objetivo combinar las formas tradicionales de identificación con la autenticación por “algo que se es”. La experiencia se realizó en comunidades educativas dentro del ámbito de la universidad

Propiedades químicas que determinan la disponibilidad de boro en suelos cultivados con caña de azúcar

Context: Several factors are limiting the behavior and dynamics of boron (B) in the soil, though in Cuba, few results on available B contents in the soil and its relation to other chemical properties have been published. Objective: To determine the contents of available B and the chemical properties that condition its availability in three of the main soil types where sugar cane is cultivated. Methods: The samples were taken at random from the surface (0-20 cm) of three of the main soil types where sugar cane is cultivated in Cuba. The available B in the soil was determined by extraction with hot water. Classification of available boron concentration relied on category ranges set up by Agrolab, (2005): low (˂0.5 mg kg-1), mid (0.5 a 2.0 mg kg-1), and high (˃2.0 mg kg-1). Results: The concentration of assimilable B varied according to the soil type, with a high dependence on chemical properties. Conclusions: The B content was highly dependent on variables K2O, P2O5, Mg+ and Na+. The average B concentration was within mid-range values in vertisols and low in brown and ferralitic soils, with high variability. The contents of available B should be further studied, along with the limiting effects of chemical, physical, and biological factors on the soil.Contexto: Varios factores limitan el comportamiento y la dinámica del boro (B) en el suelo y en Cuba existen escasos resultados sobre el contenido de B asimilable en el suelo y su relación con otras propiedades químicas. Objetivo: Determinar el contenido de B asimilable y las propiedades químicas que condicionan su disponibilidad en tres de los principales agrupamientos de suelos donde se cultiva la caña de azúcar. Métodos: Las muestras fueron tomadas al azar en el horizonte superficial (0-20 cm) de tres de los principales agrupamientos de suelos donde se cultiva la caña de azúcar en el país. El B asimilable en el suelo se determinó mediante extracción con agua caliente. Para clasificar la concentración de boro asimilable en suelo se utilizó los rangos de categorías establecidos por Agrolab, (2005): bajo (˂0.5 mg kg-1), medio (0.5 a 2.0 mg kg-1) y alto (˃2.0 mg kg-1). Resultados: La concentración de B asimilable difiere por agrupamientos de suelo con una alta dependencia de las propiedades químicas. Conclusiones: El contenido de B tuvo una alta dependencia de las variables K2O, P2O5, Mg+ y Na+. La concentración promedio de B se encontró dentro del rango medio de disponibilidad en Vertisoles y bajo en los Pardos y Ferralíticos, con una alta variabilidad. Se recomienda continuar estudiando el contenido de B asimilable y el efecto de los factores limitantes, químicos, físicos y biológicos sobre su comportamiento en el suelo

Projects and research for the Education improvement and the use of Technology in Engineering

[ES] Las características de un entorno cambiante e inmersos en la sociedad del conocimiento, exigen de las empresas, organizaciones, universidades y de la sociedad en general, una adaptación continua que ha de ir ligada a la innovación como una necesidad real, dando una respuesta dinámica a las nuevas demandas, como consecuencia de la necesidad de mejorar sus procesos de funcionamiento. Y eso afecta igualmente a la enseñanza de la Ingeniería y la Electrónica, así como en la Formación Permanente y el impacto en la empresa de la misma. La accesibilidad remota y la movilidad son un ejemplo de ello, y suponen una innovación en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, y por lo tanto, en la formación. Para el estudio de la accesibilidad remota se presenta un proyecto de investigación “Remote-labs access in Internet-based Performance-centred Learning Environment for currículum Support”, cuyo objetivo es la definición y desarrollo de una infraestructura basada en la telemática europea para la organización de los currículums a través de la práctica basada en laboratorios remotos (RIPLECS). Para la implementación de estos sistemas de aprendizaje se precisa la realización de proyectos innovadores, con el fin de examinar la integración de dispositivos móviles y sus efectos sobre el aprendizaje de los estudiantes y el rendimiento. Se presenta así un proyecto de investigación en el entorno de la empresa: “E-business Mobile Training –use of de mobile performance Support System for acquiring e-business Mangement Skills (EMTM)”Los programas curriculares deben conectarse con el mundo real del trabajo, detectando las habilidades que serán necesarias para el trabajo del futuro. En esta línea se presenta por último un proyecto innovador, “Performance-centred Adaptative Aurriculum for Employment Needs (PAC)”. Estos tres proyectos son una aportación práctica de la tecnología al mundo del aprendizaje y la formación, encarando los retos educativos europeos del siglo XXI, mediante tecnologías emergentes innovadoras aplicadas al aprendizaje. Palabras clave:e-learning, m-learning, b-learning, formación personalizada, formación en el puesto de trabajo, educación online y a distancia.[EN] The characteristics of a changing environment and immersed in the knowledge society, demand from enterprises, organizations, universities and society in general, continuous adaptation. This adaptation has to be linked to innovation as a real need, giving a dynamic response to new demands, as a result of the need to improve their operation processes. And that also affects the teaching of Engineering and Electronics, as well as Lifelong learning and the impact on the company itself.Remote accessibility and mobility are an example ofthis, and represent an innovation in the teaching-learning process, and therefore, in training.The research project “Remote-labs access in Internet-based Performance-centred Learning Environment for currículum Support” is presented for the remote accessibility study. Whose objective is the definition and development of an infrastructure based on European telematics for the organization of currículum through practice based on remote laboratories (RIPLECS).The execution of innovative projects is required for the implementation of these learning systems, in order to examine the integration of mobile devices and their effects on student learning and capacity. A research project in the business environment is presented: “E-business Mobile Training –use of de mobile performance Support System for acquiring e-business Mangement Skills (EMTM)”Curricular programs should connect to the real world of work, identifying the skills that will be needed for future work. Finally, in this line is presented an innovative project, “Performance-centred Adaptative Aurriculum for Employment Needs (PAC)”. These three projects are a practical contribution of technology to the world of learning and training, facing the 21st century European educational challenges, by innovative emerging technologies applied to learning.Castro Gil, M.; Albert Gómez, MJ.; Pérez Molina, C.; Díaz Orueta, G.; Gil Ortego, R.; San Cristóbal Ruiz, E.; Martín Gutiérrez, S.... (2013). Proyectos e Investigación para la mejora de la Educación y el uso de la Tecnología en la Ingeniería. REDU. Revista de Docencia Universitaria. 11(0):301-328. https://doi.org/10.4995/redu.2013.5558OJS301328110Albert, M. J. (2005). Formación y empleo. Desarrollo y evolución profesional. Madrid, España, UNED.Albert, M. J. y otros (2012). Performance-Centered Adaptive currículum for Employment Needs. Proc. del congreso Tecnologías Aplicadas a la Enseñanza de la Electrónica (TAEE), Junio de 2012, Vigo, España.Armengol, C. y Rodríguez, D. (2006). La moderación de redes, algunos aspectos a considerar. Educar, 37, 85-100.Garin, J. (2010). Nuevas estrategias formativas para las organizaciones. Bilbao. Wolters Kluwer, S.A.Garin, J. y Armengol, C. (2003). Estrategias de formación para el cambio organizacional. Barcelona. Praxis.Gil, R. (2010). Autenticación por Huella Dactilar en Sistemas de Gestión de Aprendizaje y su Análisis Empírico en Estudiantes de Ingeniería (Tesis Doctoral), UNED.Gil, R., Castro, M. y otros. (2011). Sistema de verificación por huella dactilar en exámenes en Moodle. Proc. del Congreso FINTDI 2011 (Fomento e Innovación con Nuevas Tecnologías en la Docencia de la Ingeniería). Mayo de 2011, Teruel, España.Gros S. (2012). La generación digital. Dentro de Nuevos medios para nuevas formas de aprendizaje. Reddigital.cnice.mec.es/3/firmas_nuevas/gros/gros_2.html. Consultado el 15 de Julio de 2012.Martin S. y otros, (2011). State of the art of frameworks and middleware for facilitating mobile and ubiquitous learning development, Journal of Systems and Software, Volumen 84, Número 11, Noviembre de 2011, Páginas 1883-1891, ISSN 0164- 1212, 10.1016/j.jss.2011.06.042.Martín, S. (2010). M2LEARN: Framework for Development of Mobile and Ubiquitous Learning Applications (Tesis Doctoral), UNED.Martínez-Mediano, C. y otros (2010). Internet-based performance-centered learning environment for currículum Support (IPLECS) and its application in mLearning. Proc. del congreso Educon 2010, Abril de 2010, Madrid, España.Pgdan, Y. (2009). Towards a theoretical model of dispositional influences on transfer of learning. Proc. del 10th International Conference on Human Resource Development: Research & Practice across Europe, Junio de 2009, Newcastle Business School, UK.Plaza, I.; Martín, L.; Martin, S. y Medrano, C. (2011). Mobile applications in an aging society: Status and trends. Journal of Systems and Software. Volumen 84, Número 11, Noviembre de 2011, Páginas 1977-1988.Salomon, G. (2000). It's not just the tools, but the educational rationale that counts. Presentación invitada en el congreso Ed-Media 2000, Montreal, [Online] http://construc.haifa.ac.it/~gsalomon/edMedia2000.html. Consultado el 15 de Julio de 2012.San Cristóbal, E. (2010). Metodología, estructura y desarrollo de interfaces intermedias para la conexión de laboratorios remotos y virtuales a plataformas educativas (Tesis Doctoral), UNED.Tauste, M.; Martín, S.; Sancrsitobal, E. Tawfik M.; Peire, J. y Castro, M. (2011). Implementation of a remote laboratory for practices in FPGAs Programmable Logic Devices. Proc. del congreso exp.at'11 - Remote and Virtual Labs, Noviembre de 2011, Lisboa, Portugal.Tawfik M.; Sancristobal E.; Martín S; Gil R. y otros (2012). VISIR: Experiences and Challenges. iJOE - Volume 8, Issue 1, Febrero de 2012.Tawfik, M. y otros. (2011) Chapter Title: Towards a Better Deployment of Remote Laboratories in Undergraduate Engineering Education, Editor: J. G. Zubía and G. R. Alves, Book Title: Using Remote Labs in Education: Two Little Ducks in Remote Experimentation, Bilbao, Publisher: University of Deusto, ISBN: 978-84-9830-398- 8, http://www.deusto-publicaciones.es/index.php/main/libro/913.Yuren, M.T. (2004). ¿La autoformación es olvido del otro?. Una mirada desde la filosofía. En C. Navia, A. Castañeda y T. Yurén (Coords.), Formación, distancias y subjetividades. Nuevos retos de la formación en la globalización (Páginas 157- 174). México. Noriega-UAM, 2004

Criterios de ordenación temporal de las intervenciones quirúrgicas en patología cardiovascular y endovascular adquirida. Versión 2022

Waiting list management of cardiac surgical procedures is a main concern for all the Spanish autonomic health systems and for our scientific Society. The first statement for optimal timing of patients waiting for cardiac surgery was published in 2000. Since then, after significant changes in the management of some pathologies, new normative frameworks and the current healthcare situation, a review of the timing criteria to offer an adequate and updated standard of care is needed. In this document we aim to review the available literature in the field and stablish a consensus within a working group of the Spanish Society of Cardiovascular and Endovascular Surgery to optimize the priority recommendations in cardiac surgical waiting lists in our country. (c) 2022 Sociedad Espanola de Cirugia Cardiovascular y Endovascular. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/ riccuses/by-nc-nri/4.0/)

Detailed stratified GWAS analysis for severe COVID-19 in four European populations

Given the highly variable clinical phenotype of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a deeper analysis of the host genetic contribution to severe COVID-19 is important to improve our understanding of underlying disease mechanisms. Here, we describe an extended genome-wide association meta-analysis of a well-characterized cohort of 3255 COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure and 12 488 population controls from Italy, Spain, Norway and Germany/Austria, including stratified analyses based on age, sex and disease severity, as well as targeted analyses of chromosome Y haplotypes, the human leukocyte antigen region and the SARS-CoV-2 peptidome. By inversion imputation, we traced a reported association at 17q21.31 to a ~0.9-Mb inversion polymorphism that creates two highly differentiated haplotypes and characterized the potential effects of the inversion in detail. Our data, together with the 5th release of summary statistics from the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative including non-Caucasian individuals, also identified a new locus at 19q13.33, including NAPSA, a gene which is expressed primarily in alveolar cells responsible for gas exchange in the lung.S.E.H. and C.A.S. partially supported genotyping through a philanthropic donation. A.F. and D.E. were supported by a grant from the German Federal Ministry of Education and COVID-19 grant Research (BMBF; ID:01KI20197); A.F., D.E. and F.D. were supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Cluster of Excellence ‘Precision Medicine in Chronic Inflammation’ (EXC2167). D.E. was supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) within the framework of the Computational Life Sciences funding concept (CompLS grant 031L0165). D.E., K.B. and S.B. acknowledge the Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF14CC0001 and NNF17OC0027594). T.L.L., A.T. and O.Ö. were funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation), project numbers 279645989; 433116033; 437857095. M.W. and H.E. are supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) through the Research Training Group 1743, ‘Genes, Environment and Inflammation’. L.V. received funding from: Ricerca Finalizzata Ministero della Salute (RF-2016-02364358), Italian Ministry of Health ‘CV PREVITAL’—strategie di prevenzione primaria cardiovascolare primaria nella popolazione italiana; The European Union (EU) Programme Horizon 2020 (under grant agreement No. 777377) for the project LITMUS- and for the project ‘REVEAL’; Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda ‘Ricerca corrente’, Fondazione Sviluppo Ca’ Granda ‘Liver-BIBLE’ (PR-0391), Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda ‘5permille’ ‘COVID-19 Biobank’ (RC100017A). A.B. was supported by a grant from Fondazione Cariplo to Fondazione Tettamanti: ‘Bio-banking of Covid-19 patient samples to support national and international research (Covid-Bank). This research was partly funded by an MIUR grant to the Department of Medical Sciences, under the program ‘Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2018–2022’. This study makes use of data generated by the GCAT-Genomes for Life. Cohort study of the Genomes of Catalonia, Fundació IGTP (The Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol) IGTP is part of the CERCA Program/Generalitat de Catalunya. GCAT is supported by Acción de Dinamización del ISCIII-MINECO and the Ministry of Health of the Generalitat of Catalunya (ADE 10/00026); the Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR) (2017-SGR 529). M.M. received research funding from grant PI19/00335 Acción Estratégica en Salud, integrated in the Spanish National RDI Plan and financed by ISCIII-Subdirección General de Evaluación and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (European Regional Development Fund (FEDER)-Una manera de hacer Europa’). B.C. is supported by national grants PI18/01512. X.F. is supported by the VEIS project (001-P-001647) (co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), ‘A way to build Europe’). Additional data included in this study were obtained in part by the COVICAT Study Group (Cohort Covid de Catalunya) supported by IsGlobal and IGTP, European Institute of Innovation & Technology (EIT), a body of the European Union, COVID-19 Rapid Response activity 73A and SR20-01024 La Caixa Foundation. A.J. and S.M. were supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (grant numbers: PSE-010000-2006-6 and IPT-010000-2010-36). A.J. was also supported by national grant PI17/00019 from the Acción Estratégica en Salud (ISCIII) and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER). The Basque Biobank, a hospital-related platform that also involves all Osakidetza health centres, the Basque government’s Department of Health and Onkologikoa, is operated by the Basque Foundation for Health Innovation and Research-BIOEF. M.C. received Grants BFU2016-77244-R and PID2019-107836RB-I00 funded by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI, Spain) and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER, EU). M.R.G., J.A.H., R.G.D. and D.M.M. are supported by the ‘Spanish Ministry of Economy, Innovation and Competition, the Instituto de Salud Carlos III’ (PI19/01404, PI16/01842, PI19/00589, PI17/00535 and GLD19/00100) and by the Andalussian government (Proyectos Estratégicos-Fondos Feder PE-0451-2018, COVID-Premed, COVID GWAs). The position held by Itziar de Rojas Salarich is funded by grant FI20/00215, PFIS Contratos Predoctorales de Formación en Investigación en Salud. Enrique Calderón’s team is supported by CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), ‘Instituto de Salud Carlos III’. J.C.H. reports grants from Research Council of Norway grant no 312780 during the conduct of the study. E.S. reports grants from Research Council of Norway grant no. 312769. The BioMaterialBank Nord is supported by the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Airway Research Center North (ARCN). The BioMaterialBank Nord is member of popgen 2.0 network (P2N). P.K. Bergisch Gladbach, Germany and the Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. He is supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). O.A.C. is supported by the German Federal Ministry of Research and Education and is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy—CECAD, EXC 2030–390661388. The COMRI cohort is funded by Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. This work was supported by grants of the Rolf M. Schwiete Stiftung, the Saarland University, BMBF and The States of Saarland and Lower Saxony. K.U.L. is supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG, LU-1944/3-1). Genotyping for the BoSCO study is funded by the Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Bonn. F.H. was supported by the Bavarian State Ministry for Science and Arts. Part of the genotyping was supported by a grant to A.R. from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF, grant: 01ED1619A, European Alzheimer DNA BioBank, EADB) within the context of the EU Joint Programme—Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND). Additional funding was derived from the German Research Foundation (DFG) grant: RA 1971/6-1 to A.R. P.R. is supported by the DFG (CCGA Sequencing Centre and DFG ExC2167 PMI and by SH state funds for COVID19 research). F.T. is supported by the Clinician Scientist Program of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Cluster of Excellence ‘Precision Medicine in Chronic Inflammation’ (EXC2167). C.L. and J.H. are supported by the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF). T.B., M.M.B., O.W. und A.H. are supported by the Stiftung Universitätsmedizin Essen. M.A.-H. was supported by Juan de la Cierva Incorporacion program, grant IJC2018-035131-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. E.C.S. is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG; SCHU 2419/2-1).Peer reviewe

Detailed stratified GWAS analysis for severe COVID-19 in four European populations

Given the highly variable clinical phenotype of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a deeper analysis of the host genetic contribution to severe COVID-19 is important to improve our understanding of underlying disease mechanisms. Here, we describe an extended GWAS meta-analysis of a well-characterized cohort of 3,260 COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure and 12,483 population controls from Italy, Spain, Norway and Germany/Austria, including stratified analyses based on age, sex and disease severity, as well as targeted analyses of chromosome Y haplotypes, the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region and the SARS-CoV-2 peptidome. By inversion imputation, we traced a reported association at 17q21.31 to a highly pleiotropic ∼0.9-Mb inversion polymorphism and characterized the potential effects of the inversion in detail. Our data, together with the 5th release of summary statistics from the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative, also identified a new locus at 19q13.33, including NAPSA, a gene which is expressed primarily in alveolar cells responsible for gas exchange in the lung.Andre Franke and David Ellinghaus were supported by a grant from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (01KI20197), Andre Franke, David Ellinghaus and Frauke Degenhardt were supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Cluster of Excellence “Precision Medicine in Chronic Inflammation” (EXC2167). David Ellinghaus was supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) within the framework of the Computational Life Sciences funding concept (CompLS grant 031L0165). David Ellinghaus, Karina Banasik and Søren Brunak acknowledge the Novo Nordisk Foundation (grant NNF14CC0001 and NNF17OC0027594). Tobias L. Lenz, Ana Teles and Onur Özer were funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation), project numbers 279645989; 433116033; 437857095. Mareike Wendorff and Hesham ElAbd are supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) through the Research Training Group 1743, "Genes, Environment and Inflammation". This project was supported by a Covid-19 grant from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF; ID: 01KI20197). Luca Valenti received funding from: Ricerca Finalizzata Ministero della Salute RF2016-02364358, Italian Ministry of Health ""CV PREVITAL – strategie di prevenzione primaria cardiovascolare primaria nella popolazione italiana; The European Union (EU) Programme Horizon 2020 (under grant agreement No. 777377) for the project LITMUS- and for the project ""REVEAL""; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda ""Ricerca corrente"", Fondazione Sviluppo Ca' Granda ""Liver-BIBLE"" (PR-0391), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda ""5permille"" ""COVID-19 Biobank"" (RC100017A). Andrea Biondi was supported by the grant from Fondazione Cariplo to Fondazione Tettamanti: "Biobanking of Covid-19 patient samples to support national and international research (Covid-Bank). This research was partly funded by a MIUR grant to the Department of Medical Sciences, under the program "Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2018–2022". This study makes use of data generated by the GCAT-Genomes for Life. Cohort study of the Genomes of Catalonia, Fundació IGTP. IGTP is part of the CERCA Program / Generalitat de Catalunya. GCAT is supported by Acción de Dinamización del ISCIIIMINECO and the Ministry of Health of the Generalitat of Catalunya (ADE 10/00026); the Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR) (2017-SGR 529). Marta Marquié received research funding from ant PI19/00335 Acción Estratégica en Salud, integrated in the Spanish National RDI Plan and financed by ISCIIISubdirección General de Evaluación and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER-Una manera de hacer Europa").Beatriz Cortes is supported by national grants PI18/01512. Xavier Farre is supported by VEIS project (001-P-001647) (cofunded by European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), “A way to build Europe”). Additional data included in this study was obtained in part by the COVICAT Study Group (Cohort Covid de Catalunya) supported by IsGlobal and IGTP, EIT COVID-19 Rapid Response activity 73A and SR20-01024 La Caixa Foundation. Antonio Julià and Sara Marsal were supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (grant numbers: PSE-010000-2006-6 and IPT-010000-2010-36). Antonio Julià was also supported the by national grant PI17/00019 from the Acción Estratégica en Salud (ISCIII) and the FEDER. The Basque Biobank is a hospitalrelated platform that also involves all Osakidetza health centres, the Basque government's Department of Health and Onkologikoa, is operated by the Basque Foundation for Health Innovation and Research-BIOEF. Mario Cáceres received Grants BFU2016-77244-R and PID2019-107836RB-I00 funded by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI, Spain) and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER, EU). Manuel Romero Gómez, Javier Ampuero Herrojo, Rocío Gallego Durán and Douglas Maya Miles are supported by the “Spanish Ministry of Economy, Innovation and Competition, the Instituto de Salud Carlos III” (PI19/01404, PI16/01842, PI19/00589, PI17/00535 and GLD19/00100), and by the Andalussian government (Proyectos Estratégicos-Fondos Feder PE-0451-2018, COVID-Premed, COVID GWAs). The position held by Itziar de Rojas Salarich is funded by grant FI20/00215, PFIS Contratos Predoctorales de Formación en Investigación en Salud. Enrique Calderón's team is supported by CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), "Instituto de Salud Carlos III". Jan Cato Holter reports grants from Research Council of Norway grant no 312780 during the conduct of the study. Dr. Solligård: reports grants from Research Council of Norway grant no 312769. The BioMaterialBank Nord is supported by the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Airway Research Center North (ARCN). The BioMaterialBank Nord is member of popgen 2.0 network (P2N). Philipp Koehler has received non-financial scientific grants from Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany, and the Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. He is supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF).Oliver A. Cornely is supported by the German Federal Ministry of Research and Education and is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy – CECAD, EXC 2030 – 390661388. The COMRI cohort is funded by Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Genotyping was performed by the Genotyping laboratory of Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM Technology Centre, University of Helsinki. This work was supported by grants of the Rolf M. Schwiete Stiftung, the Saarland University, BMBF and The States of Saarland and Lower Saxony. Kerstin U. Ludwig is supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG, LU-1944/3-1). Genotyping for the BoSCO study is funded by the Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Bonn. Frank Hanses was supported by the Bavarian State Ministry for Science and Arts. Part of the genotyping was supported by a grant to Alfredo Ramirez from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF, grant: 01ED1619A, European Alzheimer DNA BioBank, EADB) within the context of the EU Joint Programme – Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND). Additional funding was derived from the German Research Foundation (DFG) grant: RA 1971/6-1 to Alfredo Ramirez. Philip Rosenstiel is supported by the DFG (CCGA Sequencing Centre and DFG ExC2167 PMI and by SH state funds for COVID19 research). Florian Tran is supported by the Clinician Scientist Program of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Cluster of Excellence “Precision Medicine in Chronic Inflammation” (EXC2167). Christoph Lange and Jan Heyckendorf are supported by the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF). Thorsen Brenner, Marc M Berger, Oliver Witzke und Anke Hinney are supported by the Stiftung Universitätsmedizin Essen. Marialbert Acosta-Herrera was supported by Juan de la Cierva Incorporacion program, grant IJC2018-035131-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. Eva C Schulte is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG; SCHU 2419/2-1).N

Comportamiento de las fracciones activas del fósforo inorgánico en los vertisoles crómicos de Holguín.

La investigación se realizó con la información de 40 perfiles de suelo de un vertisol crómico, en áreas cultivadas con caña de azúcar de la Empresa Azucarera Holguín. Se tomaron las determinaciones analíticas correspondientes a las fracciones activas del fósforo inorgánico (P-Ca, P-Fe, P-Al), P-total y el fósforo asimilable por el método de Oniani, a las profundidades 0-25, 25-50, 50-75 y 75-100 cm. Los resultados mostraron un bajo nivel del P- total con una progresiva disminución de la profundidad del perfil, P-Ca es la fracción dominante en estos suelos, lo que indica un bajo nivel de meteorización del perfil, P-Fe y P-Al a diferencia de P-Ca disminuyen con la profundidad. La relación de las fracciones activas con el pH, demostró que P-Ca aumenta, a medida que lo hace el pH, una relación inversa mostró el fósforo ligado a las fracciones (P-Fe y P-Al)