Hubungan Pengetahuan Dengan Kepatuhan Minum Obat Pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Di Poliklinik Endokrin Rumah Sakit Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado

: Diabetes mellitus is one of the chronic disease occurs in millions of people in the world (American Diabetes Association). Non-compliance of patients with diabetes mellitus taking medication due to lack of knowledge. Looking at the above problems, the researchers looked at the need to conduct research. The study design will use a cross-sectional study research was done dipoliklinik endocrine Hospital. Prof. Dr R. D. Kandou Manado. The research was conducted in October to November 2014. The population in this study were patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus dipolyclinik endocrine outpatient hospital. Prof. Dr RD Kandou Manado January-June amounted to 120 patients. Sampling technique in this research is purposive sampling a number of 58 respondents. Bersadarkan test results of the chi-square statistic was obtained p = 0.001. this shows niali p is not greater than α (0.05) and thus it can be concluded that there is a relationship of knowledge with medication adherence in diabetes mellitus type 2 Poly Endocrine RSUP.Prof. Dr R.D.Kandou Manado

Dynamic studies of aldosterone in anephric man

Dynamic studies of aldosterone in anephric man. Aldosterone metabolism in the absence of a functioning renin-angiotensin system was evaluated in twelve anephric subjects. Plasma aldosterone concentrations determined while subjects were in a supine position were usually low, correlated with the plasma potassium concentration (r = 0.38; P < 0.01) and responded to acute alterations in plasma potassium concentration (r = 0.64; P < 0.001), thus indicating an important role for potassium in aldosterone regulation in anephric man. In contrast, plasma aldosterone concentration did not increase following volume and sodium depletion with ultrafiltration hemodialysis. Its response to angiotensin and corticotropin administration was usually diminished. We felt this was due in part to potassium depletion secondary to maintenance hemodialysis, since potassium repletion in two subjects improved aldosterone responsiveness. Another factor in the diminished aldosterone responsiveness in anephric subjects may be renin deficiency. Upright posture caused increases in plasma aldosterone concentration which could not be explained by concomitant alterations in the concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) or plasma electrolytes or metabolic clearance rate of aldosterone.Etudes dynamiques de l'aldostérone chez l'homme anéphrique. Le métabolisme de l'aldostérone en l'absence d'un système rénine angiotensine fonctionnel a été évalué chez douze sujets anéphriques. Les concentrations d'aldostérone en position debout étaient habituellement basses, corrélées avec la kaliémie (r = 0,38; P < 0,01) et répondaient aux modifications aiguës de la kaliémie (r = 0,64; P < 0,001), ce qui indique un rôle important du potassium dans la régulation de l'aldostérone chez l'homme anéphrique. Au contraire, la concentration d'aldostérone du plasma n'a pas augmenté après une déplétion d'eau et de sodium réalisée par ultrafiltration au cours de l'hémodialyse. La réponse à l'angiotensine et à l'ACTH était habituellement diminuée. Il est proposé que cela soit du en partie à la déplétion en potassium secondaire à l'hémodialyse chronique puisque la recharge en potassium chez deux sujets a amélioré la réponse aux stimuli. Un autre facteur dans la diminution de la réponse chez les sujets anéphriques peut être le déficit de rénine. La position debout a déterminé des augmentations de l'aldostérone du plasma qui ne peuvent pas être expliquées par des modifications concomitantes de l'ACTH, des électrolytes du plasma ou du débit de la clearance métabolique de l'aldostérone

Using N-mixture models to estimate abundance and temporal trends of black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis L.) populations from aerial counts

Inaccurate estimates of animal populations may lead to flawed management interventions, therefore, it is essential to understand the status and population trend of a species in order to plan its management efficiently. Aerial surveys are considered a useful method for estimating the population size of large conspicuous animals inhabiting large areas, but raw count data from aerial surveys usually underestimate population sizes due to imperfect detection. The use of N-mixture models with aerial count data provides a useful tool to estimate the population sizes while taking detection probability into account. As a study case we used aerial surveys conducted for monitoring black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) in Madikwe Game Reserve and Pilanesberg Nature Reserve (South Africa) during 1999–2015, and we analysed data with a dynamic extension of the N-mixture model. We estimated 0.078–0.098 and 0.139–0.142 individuals/km2, respectively, and we found evidence for density dependence in both reserves with a carrying capacity of 0.122 (0.102–0.142) individuals/100 km2. Based on simulations used to assess precision of the estimates, root-mean-square error model (RMSE) estimates was significantly smaller than those for the raw maximum counts. The N-mixture models provide a promising approach to estimate population size, trends and demographic characteristics of large conspicuous mammals such as black rhinoceroses. Such analysis can provide estimates that are more accurate than raw counts. In addition, use of model covariates that affect a species' population parameters can provide useful information for their conservation and management.Jose Jimenez is funded by Plan TIFIES (Spanish Action Plan against illegal trafficking and international poaching of wild species). Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica. Government of Spain.Peer reviewe

Convergence, Hemiplasy, and Correlated Evolution Impact Morphological Diversity Related to a Web-Less Lifestyle in the Two-Clawed Spiders

Traits that independently evolve many times are important for testing hypotheses about correlated evolution and understanding the forces shaping biodiversity. However, population genetics processes can cause hemiplasies (traits determined by genes whose topologies do not match the species tree), leading to a false impression of convergence (homoplasy) and potentially misleading inferences of correlated evolution. Discerning between homoplasies and hemiplasies can be important in cases of rapid radiations and clades with many gene tree incongruences. Here, focusing on two-clawed spiders (Dionycha) and close relatives, we evaluate if the observed distribution of characters related to a web-less lifestyle could be better explained as synapomorphies, homoplasies, or hemiplasies. We find that, although there are several convergences, hemiplasies are also sometimes probable. We discuss how these hemiplasies could affect inferences about correlation and causal relationship of traits. Understanding when and where in the tree of life hemiplasy could have happened is important, preventing false inference of convergent evolution. Furthermore, this understanding can provide alternative hypotheses that can be tested with independent data. Using traits related to the climbing ability of spiders we show that, when hemiplasy is unlikely, adequate model testing can be used to better understand correlated evolution, and propose hypotheses to be tested using controlled behavioral and mechanical experiments.Fil: Azevedo, Guilherme H. F.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; ArgentinaFil: Bougie, Tierney. San Diego State University; Estados UnidosFil: Carboni, Martín Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; ArgentinaFil: Hedin, Marshal. San Diego State University; Estados UnidosFil: Ramirez, Martin Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentin

Generalized entropy and global quantum discord in multiparty quantum systems

Using Tsallis-q entropy, we introduce the generalized concept of global quantum discord, namely the q-global quantum discord, and provide its analytic evaluation for two classes of multiqubit states. We also provide a sufficient condition, for which the pairwise quantum correlations in terms of q-global quantum discord is monogamous in multiparty quantum systemsopen

Absence of xanthine oxidase or xanthine dehydrogenase in the rabbit myocardium

We directly measured the activity of the enzymes xanthine oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase in rabbit and rat hearts, using a sensitive radio-chemical assay. Neither xanthine oxidase activity nor xanthine dehydrogenase activity was detected in the rabbit heart. In the rat heart, xanthine oxidase activity was 9.1 [plus-or-minus sign] 0.5 mIU per gram wet weight and xanthine dehydrogenase activity was 53.0 [plus-or-minus sign] 1.9 mIU per gram wet weight. These results argue against the involvement of the xanthine oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase system as a mechanism of tissue injury in the rabbit heart, and suggest that the ability of allopurinol to protect the rabbit heart against hypoxic or ischemic damage must be due to a mechanism other than inhibition of these enzymes.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/25939/1/0000001.pd

Comparison of three video laryngoscopy devices to direct laryngoscopy for intubating obese patients: a randomized controlled trial

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LGBT community, social network characteristics, and smoking behaviors in young sexual minority women.

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/106605/1/LGBT community, social network characteristics, and smoking behaviors in young sexual minority women.pd