Marijana Hameršak, Pričalice. O povijesti djetinjstva i bajke, Algoritam, Zagreb 2011., 211 str.

Prikaz knjige

Application of high-power diode laser and photodynamic therapy in endodontic treatment: Review of the literature

Lasers have found important role in clinical application, science and scientific research. The aim of this review is to focus on using soft tissue laser in endodontic treatments. The main goal of endodontic treatment is elimination of pathogenic microorganisms from root canal system. Laser light has the ability to reach parts of the tissue and areas where classical techniques and instruments cannot. New approaches to disinfecting root canals have been proposed recently, which include the use of high-power diode lasers, as well as disinfection of the root canal by using photodynamic therapy. A research is necessary to define a precise protocol for high-power laser and photodynamic therapy in treatment of the root canal system

Sinteza katjonskih ligno-celuloznih sorbenata i primena za uklanjanje anjonskih polutanata iz vode

Тhe aim of this dissertation was the development of new cationic sorbents, based on a modified lignocellulosic precursor (shell of L. vulgaris as a cheap and easily available plant material), intended for the removal of anionic pollutants from water, primarily phosphate and nitrate as the causative agents of eutrophication. Two original cationic sorbents (KALV and LVAT-CTAC), obtained by the developed procedures (chemical synthesis and surfactant grafting, respectively), were characterized using different methods (CHNS/O, pHPZC, FTIR, SEM-EDS). Sorption tests have shown that both sorbents can be used to remove phosphate and nitrate from the aqueous solutions. Sorbent LVAT-CTAC (based on surfactant) resulted in a maximum removal efficiency of 46% for phosphate, and 22% for nitrate. Sorbent KALV (based on ammonium agent) showed greater removal efficiency of investigated anions (88% for phosphate, and 79% for nitrate). Under optimal conditions, the maximum sorption capacity of KALV for phosphate was 17.85 mg/g, and 16.53 mg/g for the sorption of nitrate. The sorption process is complex in nature (ionic exchange and physical sorption), and takes place in a mixed reaction-diffusion regime. The kinetics of the anions sorption indicates that the results are the best fitted with the non-linear pseudo first-order model. The equilibrium study shows that the phosphate sorption can be best described by Freundlich and Sips isotherms, while the nitrate sorption is better described by Langmuir and Sips models. Thermodynamic parameters confirm that the anions sorption is exothermic and spontaneous in the temperature range of 20-40 oC. At higher temperatures, desorption of the anions from the sorbent surface is favored. The effect of coexisting anions in the solution on the sorption capacity of KALV decreases in the order of: H2PO4->NO3->SO42->Cl-. The possibility of regeneration and reuse of KALV sorbent was confirmed through five consecutive cycles of the sorption/desorption process. The exhausted sorbent with accumulated phosphates and nitrates can be used as a fertilizer to improve soil fertility

Neutrophil Death in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: Shedding More Light on Neutrophils as a Pathogenic Link to Chronic Inflammation

Neutrophils are an essential component of the innate immune response, but their prolonged activation can lead to chronic inflammation. Consequently, neutrophil homeostasis is tightly regulated through balance between granulopoiesis and clearance of dying cells. The bone marrow is both a site of neutrophil production and the place they return to and die. Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are clonal hematopoietic disorders characterized by the mutations in three types of molecular markers, with emphasis on Janus kinase 2 gene mutation (JAK2V617F). The MPN bone marrow stem cell niche is a site of chronic inflammation, with commonly increased cells of myeloid lineage, including neutrophils. The MPN neutrophils are characterized by the upregulation of JAK target genes. Additionally, MPN neutrophils display malignant nature, they are in a state of activation, and with deregulated apoptotic machinery. In other words, neutrophils deserve to be placed in the midst of major events in MPN. Our crucial interest in this review is better understanding of how neutrophils die in MPN mirrored by defects in apoptosis and to what possible extent they can contribute to MPN pathophysiology. We tend to expect that reduced neutrophil apoptosis will establish a pathogenic link to chronic inflammation in MPN

Могућности и ограничења превентивног деловања као једног вида супротстављања најтежим облицима насиља у породици

The prevention of domestic violence, timely and effective protection and support for victims, and multi-sector cooperation have become an important strategic direction of the Republic of Serbia since the adoption of the Law on Prevention of Domestic Violence. The authors put forward a hypothesis according to which the change in strategic direction and the emphasis on prevention contribute to: increasing the trust of citizens in the competent state bodies; better protection of victims; and reducing the number of the most serious cases of domestic violence – those that result in death. Using the statistical method, content analysis, and comparative and formal-legal analysis, the paper analyses the data of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Serbia, the Public Prosecutor’s Office and the Court related to domestic violence for the period between 2019 and 2021. The authors determine that: violence against women in partner relationships is the dominant type of domestic violence; that psychological violence is the most prevalent, occurring in 68% of the cases, followed by physical violence in 41% of the cases, and economic and sexual violence; that more than 1/3 of the possible perpetrators are repeat offenders, i.e. persons on whom emergency measures were previously imposed; that the victims do not participate in the adoption of individual protection plans; and that the death of the victim occurs despite the imposed emergency measures and the response of the competent state authorities. For these reasons, the authors emphasise the importance of protection on multiple tracks, and propose a series of measures and actions that should be taken by the competent state authorities.Спречавање насиља у породици, благовремена и делотворна заштита и подршка жртвама и мултисекторска сарадња постају важно стратешко усмерење државе Србије од доношења Закона о спречавању насиља у породици. Аутори постављају хипотезу по којој промена стратешког усмерења и стављање тежишта на превенцију доприноси: повећању поверења грађана у надлежне државне органе; бољој заштити жртава; и смањењу броја најтежих случајева насиља у породици – оних који су праћени последицом смрти. Применом статистичке методе, анализе садржаја, компаративне и формално-логичке анализе, у раду су анализирани подаци Министарства унутрашњих послова Републике Србије, јавног тужилаштва и суда који се односе на насиље у породици за период између 2019. и 2021. године. Аутори утврђују: да је насиље према женама у партнерским односима доминантна врста насиља у породици, да је психичко насиље најзаступљеније јер се појављује у 68% случајева, а затим следи физичко, у 41% случајева, па економско и сексуално насиље; да више од 1/3 могућих учинилаца чине повратници, односно лица којима су раније изрицане хитне мере; да жртве не учествују у доношењу индивидуалних планова заштите; и да се дешава да дође до смрти жртве и поред изречених хитних мера и реакција надлежних државних органа. Из тих разлога, аутори истичу значај заштите на више колосека и предлажу низ мера и радњи које треба да предузму надлежни државни органи

Some effects of 'pre-crime' concept in combating domestic violence

The paper discusses the role of police, public prosecutor and court in combating domestic violence and the effects achieved in the 2018‒2021 period. The aim of the study was to establish whether the provisions of the law that empower the police and judicial bodies are adequately implemented in the entire territory of the Republic of Serbia and whether they offer sufficient mechanisms to efficiently and effectively prevent and suppress domestic violence and provide efficient protection of the victims. The study also aimed to establish what effects were achieved by proactive approach of the relevant authorities in the analysed four-year period, what the sentencing policy of the courts has been, and how efficient the public prosecution was in suppressing domestic violence. The research results have shown that the effects of the new concept applied in suppressing domestic violence are not uniform in all the regions of Serbia, that there has been a decrease in the number of criminal offences, but that the number of fatalities among family members has not declined

Pojedine nedoumice u primeni Zakona o sprečavanju nasilja u porodici

The paper contains an analysis of certain provisions of the Law on the Prevention of Domestic Violence and the first effects of its implementation. At the very beginning the question is asked of justification of the Law on the Prevention of Domestic Violence. Almost on a daily basis nowadays the news headlines refer to violence among the family members, particularly the violence of men against women and children. The main debate in media is about whether the state organs and society as a whole have taken all necessary steps to prevent violence from happening at all. The authors point to the unacceptable terminology of the legislator. There are many questions asked and an attempt is made to give the answers to some of them following the legal norms. Who is the possible perpetrator of domestic violence? What kind of procedure are we talking about? What is the role of the defender in this procedure? Do urgent measures play preventive or repressive role? Has their imposing become a dominant manner in preventing and suppressing domestic violence? Has the right to freedom of a possible perpetrator been jeopardized? What are the first effects of such manner of conduct of state organs, primarily the police, the public prosecution office and the court? How can possible abuses be prevented? One of the effects of the implementation of the Law on the Prevention of Domestic Violence should be prevention - the reduction in number of criminal offences of domestic violence. However, analyzing the available data the authors have come to quite the opposite conclusions. This means that the state has not responded in the best manner, using strict scientific reasoning and objective approach, to the matter of doctrinal analysis, and this is the problem of domestic violence.Rad sadrži analizu pojedinih odredaba Zakona o sprečavanju nasilja u porodici i prvih efekata njegove primene. Odmah na početku se postavlja pitanje opravdanosti Zakona o sprečavanju nasilja u porodici. Danas se udarne vesti u kolumnama svakodnevno odnose na nasilje među članovima porodice, naročito muškaraca nad ženama i decom. Glavna polemika u medijima vodi se o tome da li su državni organi i društvo u celini preduzeli sve što je neophodno da do nasilja ne dođe. Autori ukazuju na neprihvatljivu terminologiju zakonodavca. Postavljaju mnogobrojna pitanja i na neka od njih pokušavaju da daju odgovore prateći norme zakona. Ko je mogući učinilac nasilja u porodici? Koja je vrsta postupka u pitanju? Uloga branioca u ovom postupku? Da li hitne mere imaju preventivnu ili represivnu ulogu? Da li je njihovo izricanje postalo dominantan način sprečavanja i suzbijanja nasilja u porodici? Da li je ugroženo pravo na slobodu mogućeg učinioca? Kakvi su prvi efekti ovakvog načina rada državnih organa, pre svega policije, javnog tužilaštva i suda? Kako sprečiti eventualne zloupotrebe? Jedan od efekata primene Zakona o sprečavanju nasilja u porodici trebalo bi da bude prevencija - smanjenje broja krivičnih dela nasilja u porodici. Međutim, analizom dostupnih podataka autori zaključuju upravo suprotno. To znači da država nije na najbolji način, sa strogim naučnim rezonom i objektivnim pristupom, odgovorila na problem nasilja u porodici, koji je predmet doktrinarne analize u ovom radu

MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS AND MODERN DISEASES

It is very important to know all the requisite information on nutritional supplements before taking them. It is known that minerals and vitamins are necessary for optimal health. However, many of us just don\u27t know what kind of minerals and vitamins to take which creates a lot of confusion, apathy, and frustration for a lot of people. Namely, numerous companies in the world are producing multi minerals and vitamins and promoting them as necessary for good health. But, at the same time are sabotaging the health of millions of people who are unsuspecting buyers of harmful and synthetic vitamins and minerals. The fact is that most mineral and vitamin brands on the market are synthetic, i.e. made from oxide minerals and other chemical substances. These products contain harmful substances, for example: preservatives, fillers, binders, coal tar, bitumen, gelatin, waste products etc. Consequently, these products cannot be digested by the human body and therefore cannot be assimilated. Moreover, they do not have a synergism due to being industrial-made and thus cannot find their way out of the body and thus get lodged in the tissues of the body causing disease or enhancing present diseases. Multi complexes are manufactured by pharmaceutical and food companies, and are not organic which is the state all digestible foods must be in for the body to break them down in order to absorb their nutrients. For those who are unsure, this article will provide some information to determine if vitamin tablets or multi mineral complexes are food or imitations