29 research outputs found
Specificity of formation and development of traditional musical culture in the Kemerovo region territory
The timeliness of the article is determined by identifying general and specific characteristics of formation and existence of musical culture in the industrially developed region of Siberia, which preserves diversity of musical traditions. The goal is to identify specificity of for-mation of regional musical culture and to understand its main characteristics. The results of the research involve determining of correlations between peculiarities of historical paths and factors of formation of regional culture and specificity of musical folklore, and revealing of folklore samples related to secondary forms (βfolklorismβ)
ΠΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡΠ² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΡΠΏΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-4-ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² ΠΏΡΠ΄ Π΄ΡΡΡ Ρ Π»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡ
Aim. To synthesize the annelated 4-aminopyridines and study the biological activity of one of products.Results and discussion. In the laboratory of the Research Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Dnipropetrovsk Medical Academy the studies of the effect of 2,3,3-trimethyl-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]quinolin-9-amine on the neuroactivity in the βopen fieldβ model have been conducted. According to the results of the experiment it has been found that in two hours after the administration of the oil solution of the compound the indices of the motor activity of mice are significantly reduced.Experimental part. 2,3,3-Trimethyl-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]quinolin-9-amine and 2,3,6,7,7-pentamethyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-amine were obtained by the rearrangement of the corresponding pyrrolopyrimidin-4-ones under the action of the excess of phosphorus oxychloride in toluene. The initial pyrrolopyrimidin-4-ones were synthesized by the condensation of 4-amino-1,2,2-trimethyl-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile with ketones. The structure of all compounds obtained was confirmed by 1H NMR-spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis.Conclusions. The neurotropic activity has been detected for the oil solution of 2,3,3-trimethyl-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]quinolin-9-amine on the βopen fieldβ model. It has been found that the aqueous solution of this compound does not exhibit the neurotropic activity regardless of the administered dose. Taking into account the presence of the neurotropic activity further research in this field is a promising way to search novel bioactive molecules among 4-aminopyridine derivatives, which are structural analogs of the drug Tacrine.Β Received: 26.12.2019Revised: 20.01.2020Accepted: 27.02.2020Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ. Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π°Π½Π½Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ 4-Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ².Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΠ½Π΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ 2,3,3-ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-2,3,5,6,7,8-Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎ-1H-ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎ[3,4-b]Ρ
ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½-9-Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Β«ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Β». ΠΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· Π΄Π²Π° ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ.ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ. 2,3,3-Π’ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-2,3,5,6,7,8-Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎ-1H-ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎ[3,4-b]Ρ
ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½-9-Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ 2,3,6,7,7-ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-6,7-Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎ-5H-ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎ[3,4-b]ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-4-Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-4-ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΡΡΠΊΠ° Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ° Π² ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅. ΠΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-4-ΠΎΠ½Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ 4-Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎ-1,2,2-ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-2,5-Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎ-1H-ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎ-3-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π° Ρ ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π‘ΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ 1ΠΒ Π―ΠΠ -ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ, ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°.ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ½Π°Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ 2,3,3-ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-2,3,5,6,7,8-Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎ-1H-ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎ[3,4-b]- Ρ
ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½-9-Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Β«ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Β». Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ½ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ. Π£ΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
4-Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Β«Π’Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Β».Β Received: 26.12.2019Revised: 20.01.2020Accepted: 27.02.2020ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°. Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ Π°Π½Π΅Π»ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ 4-Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈ Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π· ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡΠ².Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΠ° ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ. Π£ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎ-Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΠ½ΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ 2,3,3-ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-2,3,5,6,7,8-Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎ-1Π-ΠΏΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎ-[3,4-b]Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½-9-Π°ΠΌΡΠ½Ρ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Β«Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Β». ΠΠ° ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· Π΄Π²Ρ Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠ»Ρ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΎΠ»ΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΡ
ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ.ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°. 2,3,3-Π’ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-2,3,5,6,7,8-Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎ-1Π-ΠΏΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎ-[3,4-b]Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½-9-Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ Ρ 2,3,6,7,7- ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-6,7-Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎ-5Π-ΠΏΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎ[3,4-b]ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-4-Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΎ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΡΠΏΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-4-ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² ΠΏΡΠ΄ Π΄ΡΡΡ Π½Π°Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠΊΡ Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ. ΠΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΄Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-4-ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ 4-Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎ-1,2,2-ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-2,5-Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎ-1H-ΠΏΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎ-3-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ»Ρ Π· ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π²ΡΡΡ
ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π·Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ 1Π Π―ΠΠ -ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΡ, ΠΌΠ°Ρ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ° Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·Ρ.ΠΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠΈΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ½Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ 2,3,3-ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-2,3,5,6,7,8-Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎ-1H-ΠΏΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎ[3,4-b]- Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½-9-Π°ΠΌΡΠ½Ρ Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ³Π»ΡΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ»ΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Β«Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Β». ΠΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΠ½ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ½Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΠΎΠ±βΡΠΌΡ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ·ΠΈ. ΠΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΌ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ ΠΏΠΎΡ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
4-Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ², ΡΠΊΡ Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Β«Π’Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Β».Β Received: 26.12.2019Revised: 20.01.2020Accepted: 27.02.202
Markov semigroups, monoids, and groups
A group is Markov if it admits a prefix-closed regular language of unique
representatives with respect to some generating set, and strongly Markov if it
admits such a language of unique minimal-length representatives over every
generating set. This paper considers the natural generalizations of these
concepts to semigroups and monoids. Two distinct potential generalizations to
monoids are shown to be equivalent. Various interesting examples are presented,
including an example of a non-Markov monoid that nevertheless admits a regular
language of unique representatives over any generating set. It is shown that
all finitely generated commutative semigroups are strongly Markov, but that
finitely generated subsemigroups of virtually abelian or polycyclic groups need
not be. Potential connections with word-hyperbolic semigroups are investigated.
A study is made of the interaction of the classes of Markov and strongly Markov
semigroups with direct products, free products, and finite-index subsemigroups
and extensions. Several questions are posed.Comment: 40 pages; 3 figure
N-Alkylation of sulfonamides by alkyl halides in the presence of electrophilic catalysts and transformations of alkylated compounds
Vicinal halo amines constitute an important class of compounds due to their diverse biological activity and a broad application as synthones in the production of pharmaceutical agents. The reaction of aryl- and alkylsulfonamides with 1,2-dibromo-2-phenylethane in the presence of Lewis acids (such as FeCl3 and ZnCl2) in 1,2-dichloroethane can represent one of the most efficient ways of halo amine synthesis. It has been shown that methanesulfonamides and benzylsulfonamides starting materials produced the alkylation products with good yields whileΒ p-toluenesulfonamides appeared to be less active and 6-methyl-3-nitrobenzylsulfonamides did not give the expected compounds. It has been found that synthesized vicinal halo amides can easily cyclize in alkaline conditions to giveΒ 1-sulfonylaziridines. The regioselectivity of aziridine ring opening has also been studied. It was established that strong nucleophile attacks terminal carbon which leads to the breaking-up of 1β3 bond and subsequent aziridine ring opening. In contrast, weak nucleophiles (water, potassium rhodanide, hydrogen bromide) trigger the cleavage of aziridine cycle by breaking-up of 1β2 bond under acidic conditions which is in accordance with molecular orbital theory. Substituents at the aromatic ring of sulfonyl fragment do not influence on the pathway of aziridine ring opening
Fused-Pentagon C70Cl6 and C70Cl8 Obtained via Chlorination-Promoted Skeletal Transformation of IPR C70
Rebuilding C<sub>60</sub>: Chlorination-Promoted Transformations of the Buckminsterfullerene into Pentagon-Fused C<sub>60</sub> Derivatives
In
recent years, many higher fullerenes that obey the isolated pentagon
rule (IPR) were found capable of rearranging into molecules with adjacent
pentagons and even with heptagons via chlorination-promoted skeletal
transformations. However, the key fullerene, buckminsterfullerene <i>I</i><sub><i>h</i></sub>-C<sub>60</sub>, long seemed
insusceptible to such rearrangements. Now we demonstrate that buckminsterfullerene
yet can be transformed by chlorination with SbCl<sub>5</sub> at 420β440
Β°C and report X-ray structures for the thus-obtained library
of non-IPR derivatives. The most remarkable of them are non-IPR C<sub>60</sub>Cl<sub>24</sub> and C<sub>60</sub>Cl<sub>20</sub> with fundamentally
rearranged carbon skeletons featuring, respectively, four and five
fused pentagon pairs (FPPs). Further high-temperature trifluoromethylation
of the chlorinated mixture afforded additional non-IPR derivatives
C<sub>60</sub>(CF<sub>3</sub>)<sub>10</sub> and C<sub>60</sub>(CF<sub>3</sub>)<sub>14</sub>, both with two FPPs, and a nonclassical C<sub>60</sub>(CF<sub>3</sub>)<sub>15</sub>F with a heptagon, two FPPs,
and a fully fused pentagon triple. We discuss the general features
of the addition patterns in the new non-IPR compounds and probable
pathways of their formation via successive StoneβWales rearrangements