61 research outputs found

    Normativa y praxis de la violencia de género : deficit existente en la intervención jurídico-penal

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    Psychosocial traits of children identified as at risk for language delay by the Spanish MacArthur-CDI

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    The MacArthur CDI Inventories have proved their validity as language assessing instruments, for very small children in the 8 to 30 months age period. Nevertheless, their application and use in clinical contexts is not yet clearly established. The Inventories have been found to correctly predict language delays, from early on. At times, they have also been found to adequately describe the linguistic level of language impaired children, as well as that of children with specific syndromes. Their use as basic diagnostic instruments is not to be recommended, as they are not designed for that purpose. If used on their own, they would, in fact, not discriminate among different pathologies. There is also an extremely high variability of the language acquisition process, which has backed doubts about the instrument´s ability to predict early language delays. In spite of this, their use as early detectors of at-risk cases in language development, is reasonably backed too. Although the isolated and/or shallow use of these instruments would trigger false alarms, we claim that a complementary and non-trivial use could detect at-risk population, under reliably set conditions. In order to ensure confidence in research on those conditions, a first step should establish the influence of psycosocial variables on low scores in the MCDI. This study has focused on those variables, i.e.: sex, age, bilingualism, schooling, and their relation to lowest percentiles in the Spanish MCDI-2 which was standarized with a sample of 593 children. Results obtain which variables should be taken into account when assessing the real risk of a future language delay, in children with low Spanish MCDI scores (<percentile 10th), comparing the values of those variables in low vs high performance groups

    The new profiles of homeless people attended by the organizations that are part of the Third Sector of Social Action

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    La realización de este ensayo analítico se sustenta en el interés personal sobre los nuevos perfiles de personas sin hogar, que han surgido a consecuencia de los cambios en el contexto socioeconómico, y su influencia en el cambio de las formas de atención de las entidades pertenecientes al Tercer del Sector Social de Acción Social, principales encargadas de cubrir las necesidades y demandas de dicho sector. Para analizar la realidad de las personas sin hogar, emplearé una metodología basada en la recogida de información cuantitativa y cualitativa analizando el contexto social, relacional, de vivienda, económico, laboral y formativo entre otros.The reason of this analytical essay is related with the new profiles of homeless people, which have arisen from changes in the socioeconomic context, and the part the play in changing (the kind of attentions and cares that these social organizations offer). The organizations belonging to the Third Social Sector are the main body responsible, convering the needs and demands of the aforementioned sector. To analyse the homeless people live, I will make use of a methodology based on gathering quantitative and qualitative information analysing the social, relational, economic, formative and labour contexts and the situation at home among other

    Profiles of Students According to the University Teacher Usage of ICT

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    Las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) se han convertido en una herramienta esencial en la docencia. Nuestro objetivo es conocer, según los alumnos, el uso deseado de las TIC por el profesor universitario. Con información de 768 encuestas personales a estudiantes de primer curso de grado de tres Universidades, distinguimos tres perfiles de alumnos: los motivados, los resignados y los reticentes al uso de las TIC. Los primeros perciben efectos positivos de las TIC en su aprendizaje y en el atractivo de la asignatura y se identifican con un profesor que utiliza, disfruta e innova con las TIC.Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are nowadays an essential tool in teaching. The objective of this study is to analyze students' perception and preferences about the usage of ICT by university teachers. We collected information using a personal survey directed to 768 university students in their first year of degree in three Universities. Our study shows three main student profiles: motivated, resigned and reluctant ones. Motivated students perceive positive effects of ICT in their learning and subject interest, and identify themselves in a university teacher that uses, enjoys and innovates with ICT

    Disfunción familiar y desempeño escolar de los estudiantes del nivel de educación secundaria de la Institución Educativa Mixta de Aplicación Fortunato Luciano Herrera del Cusco – 2020

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    El objetivo de la presente investigación es determinar la relación de la disfunción familiar en el desempeño escolar de los estudiantes del nivel de educación secundaria de la Institución Educativa Mixta de Aplicación Fortunato Luciano Herrera del Cusco – 2020. En la actualidad la familia es considerada como un pilar fundamental de la sociedad y de su desarrollo, por tanto, influye de sobre manera en el desempeño y desenvolvimiento de las personas. Debido al constante avance e innovación educativa y de la sociedad del conocimiento, involucra a que los estudiantes de la educación básica aparte de los saberes y competencias propias del proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje, desarrollen además competencias adicionales con las cuales puedan desempeñarse, integrarse y desenvolverse de la mejor manera en la sociedad actual. Los estudios centrados en la observación de los hechos o fenómenos, como es el caso del presente estudio, se fundamentan en un diseño no experimental, con el fin de mostrar que la severidad de la disfunción familiar puede ocasionar serios problemas en los estudiantes, en especial en su desempeño o rendimiento escolar, debido que el aspecto psicológico es muy crucial cuando los estudiantes se encuentran en desarrollo. Partiendo de la medición de las variables se realizan análisis estadísticos descriptivos y bivariados. Los hallazgos de la investigación evidencian que la disfunción familiar interviene negativamente en el desempeño escolar de los estudiantes del nivel de educación secundaria

    Influence of Tillage and Liming on N2O emission from a rainfed crop

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    Nitrous oxide (N2O) is the main greenhouse gas (GHG) produced by agricultural soils due to microbial processes. The application of N fertilizers is associated with an increase of N2O losses. However, it is possible to mitigate these emissions by the introduction of adequate management practices (Snyder et al., 2009). Soil conservation practices (i.e.no tillage, NT) have recently become widespread because they promote several positive effects (increases in soil organic carbonand soil fertility, reduction of soil erosion, etc). In terms of GHG emissions, there is no consensus in the literature on the effects of tillage on N2O. Several studies found that NT can produce greater (Baggs et al., 2003), lower (Malhi et al., 2006) or similar (Grandey et al., 2006) N2O emissions compared to traditional tillage (TT). This large uncertainty is associated with the duration of tillage practices and climatic variability. Liming is widely use to solve problems of soil acidity (Al toxicity, yield penalties, etc). Several studies show a decrease in N2O emissions with liming (Barton et al., 2013) whereas no significant effects or increases were observed in others (Galbally et al., 2010). The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of tillage (NT vs TT) and liming application or not of Ca-amendment) on N2O emissions from an acid soil during a rainfed crop

    Videolaryngoscopy in the Intensive Care Unit: We could Improve ICU Patients Safety

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    Tracheal intubation is one of the most common and dangerous procedures in the intensive care units (ICU), and is usually done in more difficult conditions than in the operating room. Intubation failure can occur unexpectedly, and is the second most common event reflected in the ICU in the NAP4. Complications associated with airways were more likely to occur in ICU than in the operating room (severe hypoxemia, arrhythmia, hypotension, cardiovascular collapse, etc.), and generates more frequent damage to the patient. The theoretical benefits of videolaryngoscopes, as proper and correct use, offer the potential to reduce the difficulty of intubation in the ICU. In recent years, the role of videolaryngoscopes in ICU has been the subject of debate. Numerous studies have shown increased morbidity when performing multiple attempts at tracheal intubation. Videolaryngoscopes allow a view of the entrance of glottis independent of the line of sight, and have also been shown to improve glottis and intubation success rates in emergency and emergency services, in the prehospital setting, and specifically in patients with known predictors of difficult airway (DA)

    Sentence Repetition Tasks to Detect and Prevent Language Difficulties: A Scoping Review

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    Sentence repetition tasks (SRTs) have been widely used in language development research for decades. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in studying performance in SRTs as a clinical marker for language impairment. What are the characteristics of SRTs? For what purposes have SRTs been used? To what extent have they been used with young children, in different languages, and with different clinical populations? In order to answer these and other questions, we conducted a scoping review. Peer reviewed studies published in indexed scientific journals (2010–2021) were analyzed. A search in different databases yielded 258 studies. Research published in languages other than English or Spanish, adult samples, dissertations, case studies, artificial models, and theoretical publications were excluded. After this exclusion, 203 studies were analyzed. Our results show that most research using SRT were conducted with English monolingual speakers older than 5 years of age; studies with bilingual participants have mostly been published since 2016; and SRTs have been used with several non-typical populations. Research suggests that they are a reliable tool for identifying language difficulties and are specifically suitable for detecting developmental language disorder

    The Influence of Recognition and Social Support on European Health Professionals’ Occupational Stress: A Demands-Control-Social Support-Recognition Bayesian Network Model

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    Healthcare professionals undergo high levels of occupational stress as a result of their working conditions. Thus, the aim of this study is to develop a model that focuses on healthcare professionals so as to analyze the influence that job demands, control, social support, and recognition have on the likelihood that a worker will experience stress.The data collected correspond to 2,211 healthcare workers from 35 countries, as reported in the sixth EuropeanWorking Condition Survey (EWCS). The results obtained fromthis study allowus to infer stress under severalworking condition scenarios and to identify themore relevant variables in order to reduce this stress in healthcare professionals, which is of paramount importance to managing the stress of workers in this sector. The Bayesian network proposed indicates that emotional demands have a greater influence on raising the likelihood of stress due to workload than do family demands. The results show that the support of colleagues, in general, has less effect on reducing stress than social support from superiors. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis shows that, in high-demand and low-control situations, recognition clearly impacts stress, drastically reducing it

    A Sentence Repetition Task in Spanish language: a valid tool for early language assessment

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    ABSTRACT Purpose Sentence Repetition Tasks (SRT) have been widely used to assess early language abilities in different languages and populations. In addition, it has been proved that performance in SRTs serve as a clinical marker to detect language difficulties. However, most of the research has been conducted in English language and with children older than 4 years of age. Despite this scarcity, [1] developed a SRT for monolingual Spanish-speaking children between 2 and 4 years of age. Initial findings showed that it is a useful tool for discriminating children with different linguistic levels. In addition, the task showed concurrent validity with a nonword repetition task. In the current study we want to explore the predictive validity of this task. Methods We conducted a longitudinal study including 20 monolingual Spanish-Speaking children who were tested twice, at 33 months of age and six months later. In addition to the SRT, participants completed a nonword repetition task [2] and the Spanish version of the Merrill-Palmer-R Developmental Scales [3]. Results showed strong and positive relationships between the different tests when first assessed. We also found strong and predictive relationships between the SRT at time 1 and SRT and the Merrill-Palmer-R at time 2. Conclusion We conclude that the SRT developed [1] is a valid tool for examining early language abilities and its changes over time
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