Actes du Congrès Collèges célébrations 92

Également disponible en version papierTitre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 12 août 2009)Notes (part. bibliogr.) au bas des p

Actes du Congrès Collèges célébrations 92

Également disponible en version papierTitre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 12 août 2009)Bibliogr.: p.

The secret in literature and medicine: for an ethics of sharing

Littérature et médecine sont deux disciplines entre l’art et la science et les potentialités de leur croisement n’est plus à mettre en doute, trois décennies après l’émergence et l’essor de la Médecine Narrative dans la recherche, la pratique et la formation médicales, replaçant la question du sujet, cruciale en éthique, au coeur de la relation thérapeutique. Face à l’hypertechnicité montante de la médecine, il importe de poursuivre la réflexion en interrogeant une notion d’enjeu et complexité, comme celle du secret, intimement lié aux catégories de la subjectivité et de l’intimité. L’article accompagne son évolution et ses configurations modernes en médecine et littérature pour faire dialoguer une éthique médicale, concernée par la perte du colloque singulier et de la réalité humaine, et la démarche littéraire activant des processus langagiers et discursifs par lesquels le secret peut se constituer en maillon d’une démarche intersubjective de qualité.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A family of tree-based generators for bubbles in directed graphs

6sìopenBubbles are pairs of internally vertex-disjoint (s, t)-paths in a directed graph. In de Bruijn graphs built from reads of RNA and DNA data, bubbles represent interesting biological events, such as alternative splicing (AS) and allelic differences (SNPs and indels). However, the set of all bubbles in a de Bruijn graph built from real data is usually too large to be efficiently enumerated and analysed in practice. In particular, despite significant research done in this area, listing bubbles still remains the main bottleneck for tools that detect AS events in a reference-free context. Recently, in the concept of a bubble generator was introduced as a way for obtaining a compact representation of the bubble space of a graph. Although this bubble generator was quite effective in finding AS events, preliminary experiments showed that it is about 5 times slower than state-of-art methods. In this paper we propose a new family of bubble generators which improve substantially on previous work: bubble generators in this new family are about two orders of magnitude faster and are still able to achieve similar precision in identifying AS events. To highlight the practical value of our new bubble generators, we also report some experimental results on real datasets.openAcuña, Vicente; Soares de Lima, Leandro Ishi; Italiano, Giuseppe F.; Pepè Sciarria, Luca; Sagot, Marie-France; Sinaimeri, BlerinaAcuña, Vicente; Soares de Lima, Leandro Ishi; Italiano, Giuseppe F.; Pepè Sciarria, Luca; Sagot, Marie-France; Sinaimeri, Blerin

Le lymphome du manteau

peer reviewedLe lymphome du manteau représente 3 à 10% des lymphomes non hodgkiniens (LNH). Il est caractérisé par la translocation chromosomique t(11;14) (q13;32), qui est responsable d'une surexpression de la cycline D1. Cette dernière participe à l'oncongenèse en favorisant la progression du cycle cellulaire. L'âge médian au moment du diagnostic est compris entre 60 et 70 ans et le pronostic est assez sombre puisque la survie médiane est estimée à 4 ans. Chez la plupart des patients, le diagnostic est posé à un stade avancé de la maladie. Des sites extra-ganglionnaires sont souvent atteints. Le traitement actuel de première ligne est basé sur de la poly-chimiothérapie suivie, chez les patients jeunes, par une autogreffe de cellules souches hématopoïétiques. L'allogreffe de cellules souches hématopoïétiques après un conditionnement non-myéloablateur pourrait jouer un rôle chez les patients en rechute après autogreffe.Mantle cell lymphoma comprises 3 to 10% of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Cyclin D1 expression due to t(11;14) (q13;32) is considered as a hallmark of this lymphoma and plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of lymphoma transformation. Median age at diagnosis ranges from 60 to 70 years, and diagnosis is often made at an advances stage with widespread lymphadenopathy and extranodular (particularly bone marrow and gastrointestinal) infiltration. First line treatment consists of combination chemotherapy followed with autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in younger patients, while allogeneic HCT following non-myeloablative conditioning might have a role inpatients relapsing after autologous HCT

Upregulation of Interleukin 8 by Oxygen-deprived Cells in Glioblastoma Suggests a Role in Leukocyte Activation, Chemotaxis, and Angiogenesis

Leukocyte infiltration and necrosis are two biological phenomena associated with the development of neovascularization during the malignant progression of human astrocytoma. Here, we demonstrate expression of interleukin (IL)-8, a cytokine with chemotactic and angiogenic properties, and of IL-8–binding receptors in astrocytoma. IL-8 expression is first observed in low grade astrocytoma in perivascular tumor areas expressing inflammatory cytokines. In glioblastoma, it further localizes to oxygen-deprived cells surrounding necrosis. Hypoxic/anoxic insults on glioblastoma cells in vitro using anaerobic chamber systems or within spheroids developing central necrosis induced an increase in IL-8 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression. mRNA for IL-8–binding chemokine receptors CXCR1, CXCR2, and the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) were found in all astrocytoma grades by reverse transcription/PCR analysis. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry localized DARC expression on normal brain and tumor microvascular cells and CXCR1 and CXCR2 expression to infiltrating leukocytes. These results support a model where IL-8 expression is initiated early in astrocytoma development through induction by inflammatory stimuli and later in tumor progression increases due to reduced microenvironmental oxygen pressure. Augmented IL-8 would directly and/or indirectly promote angiogenesis by binding to DARC and by inducing leukocyte infiltration and activation by binding to CXCR1 and CXCR2