Entrer dans l’intervention capacitante en conduite du changement par la construction d’une chronique du changement

To face agricultural challenges like the preservation of natural resources, the public authorities and certain agricultural actors wish to develop agroecology. New agricultural work systems are thus designed and question the way the work of farmers is taken into account in the agro ecological transition. Our action research consists in supporting the development of agricultural work systems and thinking agroecological transition as a process of collective design of new work systems. To do that, we are implementing a « Construction of a chronic change” method, which appears to be an interesting way to initiate an enabling intervention in change management with farmers.Les pouvoirs publics et certains acteurs agricoles ambitionnent le développement de l'agroécologie face à la montée de nouveaux challenges auxquels doit faire face le monde agricole (impacts des pratiques agricoles sur les ressources naturelles notamment). De nouveaux systèmes de travail agricole sont conçus et posent la question de la prise en compte du travail des agriculteurs au sein de la transition agroécologique. Notre recherche intervention consiste à accompagner l'élaboration de systèmes de travail agricole en pensant la transition agroécologique comme un processus de conception collective de nouveaux systèmes de travail. Pour ce faire, nous mettons en oeuvre une méthode « Construire une chronique du changement » qui semble être un moyen intéressant pour initier une intervention capacitante en conduite du changement (I3C) auprès de groupes d'acteurs agricole

Understand the process of designing a work system in the indivisibility of time : the case of farmers in agroecological transition

Cette thèse porte sur la compréhension de processus de conception de systèmes de travail d’agriculteurs engagés dans une transition agroécologique. Elle s’appuie sur la mise en œuvre d’une méthode : la Chronique du Changement. En proposant aux agriculteurs de construire des récits de conception, elle révèle le processus de conception global dans lequel ils sont engagés. Ce processus est analysé à partir d’un modèle dialogique de la conception (e.g. Béguin, 2010) qui met en tension les pôles du virtuel et du réel, auxquels nous ajoutons un pôle du concevable pour donner à voir les mouvements entre passé – présent – futur en jeu dans le processus. Ces récits rendent visible l’objet en cours de conception : le système de travail composé de sous-systèmes.L’expérience que fait l’agriculteur de ces sous-systèmes participe à la progression du processus de conception et à la construction par l’agriculteur d’une approche systémique de son objet.En perspective, cette thèse ouvre sur le rôle de la narration pour l’élaboration de l’expérience d’un processus de conception et sur la notion de conception de systèmes de travail durables.This thesis focuses on understanding the processes of designing work systems of farmers engaged in an agroecologicaltransition. It is based on the implementation of a method: the Chronicle of Change. By offering farmers to build design narratives, it reveals the overall design process in which they are involved. This process is analyzed on the basis of a dialogical model of design (e.g. Béguin, 2010) that puts the poles of virtual and real into tension, to which we add a pole of designable to show the movements between past – present – future, which are at work in the process.These narratives make visible the object being designed: the working system composed of subsystems. The farmer's experience with these subsystems contributes to the progress of the design process and the farmer's construction of a systemic approach to his purpose.In perspective, this thesis opens on the role of narrative in the development of the experience of a design process and on the notion of designing sustainable work systems

Comprendre le processus de conception d’un système de travail dans l’indivisibilité du temps : le cas d’agriculteurs en transition agroécologique

This thesis focuses on understanding the processes of designing work systems of farmers engaged in an agroecologicaltransition. It is based on the implementation of a method: the Chronicle of Change. By offering farmers to build design narratives, it reveals the overall design process in which they are involved. This process is analyzed on the basis of a dialogical model of design (e.g. Béguin, 2010) that puts the poles of virtual and real into tension, to which we add a pole of designable to show the movements between past – present – future, which are at work in the process.These narratives make visible the object being designed: the working system composed of subsystems. The farmer's experience with these subsystems contributes to the progress of the design process and the farmer's construction of a systemic approach to his purpose.In perspective, this thesis opens on the role of narrative in the development of the experience of a design process and on the notion of designing sustainable work systems.Cette thèse porte sur la compréhension de processus de conception de systèmes de travail d’agriculteurs engagés dans une transition agroécologique. Elle s’appuie sur la mise en œuvre d’une méthode : la Chronique du Changement. En proposant aux agriculteurs de construire des récits de conception, elle révèle le processus de conception global dans lequel ils sont engagés. Ce processus est analysé à partir d’un modèle dialogique de la conception (e.g. Béguin, 2010) qui met en tension les pôles du virtuel et du réel, auxquels nous ajoutons un pôle du concevable pour donner à voir les mouvements entre passé – présent – futur en jeu dans le processus. Ces récits rendent visible l’objet en cours de conception : le système de travail composé de sous-systèmes.L’expérience que fait l’agriculteur de ces sous-systèmes participe à la progression du processus de conception et à la construction par l’agriculteur d’une approche systémique de son objet.En perspective, cette thèse ouvre sur le rôle de la narration pour l’élaboration de l’expérience d’un processus de conception et sur la notion de conception de systèmes de travail durables

Supporting agro-ecological transition on farms: co-designing a change management support approach

The agro-ecological transition requires farmers to redesign their work system. To support farmers’ change towards agroecology, we develop an ergonomics “enabling intervention” in a change management context to help them in the development of them design activity. By allowing farmers to reflect on their trajectories and their project regarding agroecology transition, our research-intervention aims at enhancing the farmers’ capacity to design their work systems. Also, this research-intervention aims at equipping agricultural change management facilitators - who are not ergonomists - (e.g. farmers’ advisors) with tool designed to embed the farmers’ work in their counselling approach. These pursued goals require to design approaches, particularly tools, positioning farmers as work system designers. This is what we are trying to do in this research-intervention

Vers une approche réflexive de la gestion d'un projet de recherche

This chapter describes how we supported the project leaders of TATA-BOX in their task of designing a management system for the project. We did so by fuelling their reflectivity: rather than making suggestions on how to manage the project - in a normative approach -, we analysed the on-going project management and mirrored what had been done after a year. The TATA-BOX project leaders would thus be able to decide how to adjust their management and to carry on - in a reflective approach. We report on this process in this chapter: after giving some theoretical background on the concept of reflectivity and its role in helping the project leaders to manage TATA-BOX, we describe: (1) how we worked with them over 6 months, 1 year after the project began, and (2) the different methods we used to meet the project leaders' expectations. We then discuss the efficiency of these methods, their effects on the management of the project, and some lessons learned for the management of such research projects generally

Des récits de conception révélateurs de processus de conception focalisés : cas d’un éleveur bovin en transition agroécologique

International audienceThe challenge of this communication is to better understand the design process that a farmer engages in when developing more agroecological practices on his/her farm. To do so, we rely on the notion of narrative, and propose to speak of "design narrative". This paper focuses on a case study: a cattle farmer, in transition to a grassland system, low-input and self-sufficient. The narration of design narratives by farmer is allowed by the implementation of the Chronicle of Change method (Chizallet, 2019). These narratives allow him to make his experience explicit and are indicative of his major concerns, which are varied in nature and interdependent. In addition, design narratives highlight design processes that focused on these concerns and allow the farmer to move through the time of the design processL’enjeu de cette communication est de mieux comprendre le processus de conception dans lequel un agriculteur s’engage lorsqu’il développe des pratiques plus agroécologiques sur son exploitation. Pour cela, nous nous appuyons sur la notion de récit, et proposons de parler de "récit de conception". Cette communication se focalise sur une étude de cas : un agriculteur bovin, en transition vers un système herbager, économe et autonome. La narration des récits de conception par l’agriculteur est soutenue par la mise en œuvre de la méthode de la Chronique du Changement (Chizallet, 2019). Ces récits lui permettent d’expliciter son expérience et sont révélateurs de ses préoccupations majeures, de nature variée et interdépendantes. De plus, les récits de conception mettent en évidence des processus de conception focalisés sur ces préoccupations et permettent à l’agriculteur de se mouvoir dans le temps du processus de conception

An agroecological transition in design: farmers caught up in a systemic transformation of their work systems

International audienceThis paper aims to provide some support for the widespread claim that agroecological transition entails a wide variety of changes for the farmer. To that end, it focuses on farmers' work systems, as evidenced through several subsystems: biological and technical, socioeconomic , family, and related to the farmers' characteristics. Two case studies are used to illustrate how farmers' concerns, which are drivers of change, are constructed at the interface of these subsystems. For each case study, the paper focuses on a single concern described by the farmer during a workshop by means of the Chronicle of Change method (Chizallet et al., 2020). This makes it possible to dissect the subsystems of work to which the farmer refers in relation to a concern, to show how these references differ, depending on whether the farmer refers to them in a state of transition, and when he adopts a systemic approach to his concern. Beyond this paper, this research work is continuing with support for farmers' agroecological transition with regard to tools and methods in a systemic approach. It is thus shedding light on the transition from a work point of view and not only from a technical point of view

An agroecological transition in design: farmers caught up in a systemic transformation of their work systems

International audienceThis paper aims to provide some support for the widespread claim that agroecological transition entails a wide variety of changes for the farmer. To that end, it focuses on farmers' work systems, as evidenced through several subsystems: biological and technical, socioeconomic , family, and related to the farmers' characteristics. Two case studies are used to illustrate how farmers' concerns, which are drivers of change, are constructed at the interface of these subsystems. For each case study, the paper focuses on a single concern described by the farmer during a workshop by means of the Chronicle of Change method (Chizallet et al., 2020). This makes it possible to dissect the subsystems of work to which the farmer refers in relation to a concern, to show how these references differ, depending on whether the farmer refers to them in a state of transition, and when he adopts a systemic approach to his concern. Beyond this paper, this research work is continuing with support for farmers' agroecological transition with regard to tools and methods in a systemic approach. It is thus shedding light on the transition from a work point of view and not only from a technical point of view

Understanding and supporting the design of famers work systems: the implementation of the “Chronicle of Change” method

This book presents the proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2018), held on August 26-30, 2018, in Florence, Italy. By highlighting the latest theories and models, as well as cutting-edge technologies and applications, and by combining findings from a range of disciplines including engineering, design, robotics, healthcare, management, computer science, human biology and behavioral science, it provides researchers and practitioners alike with a comprehensive, timely guide on human factors and ergonomics. It also offers an excellent source of innovative ideas to stimulate future discussions and developments aimed at applying knowledge and techniques to optimize system performance, while at the same time promoting the health, safety and wellbeing of individuals. The proceedings include papers from researchers and practitioners, scientists and physicians, institutional leaders, managers and policy makers that contribute to constructing the Human Factors and Ergonomics approach across a variety of methodologies, domains and productive sectors