753 research outputs found
Sexual Differences in Survival and Competition in Grasshoppers
A study was conducted to determine if the proportional survival of the sexes of the grasshopper, Melanoplus sanguinipes (Orthoptera, Acrididae), differs. By stocking cages in the field with grasshoppers with different body size, sex and density combinations, proportional survival could be estimated. This study revealed that, in the absence of predation, there was a lower proportional survival when both sexes were together at high densities as compared to when they together were at low densities, and when both sexes were separate at either density. Even though females, on average, are larger than males, this study found size to be insignificant. This study also revealed that sex was not a contributing factor. One explanation for the survival declining when both sexes are together is the cost in reproduction and both sexes expend comparable energy in reproduction
Resolving the Uncertainty of Preterm Symptoms: Womenâs Experiences With the Onset of Preterm Labor
Objective: To describe expectant women\u27s experiences with the onset of preterm labor.
Design: Qualitative, using grounded theory methods.
Setting: Southwestern tertiary women\u27s hospital.
Participants: Thirty pregnant women who were less than 35 weeks gestation, had experienced preterm labor within the past 7 days, and had no previous experience with preterm labor.
Data Source: Taped and transcribed interviews.
Results: Themes that emerged from the interview data included the following: recognition and naming of sensations, a consistent pattern of attribution of symptoms, the threat or risk inferred by the attributed cause of the symptom pattern, the associated certainty or uncertainty about these attributions, the process of interpreting and verifying symptom meaning, and the decision to self-manage the symptoms or engage health care assistance. The core process of women experiencing the onset of preterm labor symptoms was identified as resolving the uncertainty of preterm labor symptoms: recognizing and responding to the possibilities.
Conclusions: Preterm labor often is not within expectant women\u27s consciousness. They may attribute the symptoms to nonthreatening causes, which results in delays in seeking care for preterm labor. Education about symptom patterns at the onset of preterm labor will increase the probability that women and their health care providers will recognize and interpret the early, subtle symptoms that herald the onset of preterm labor. Uncertainty in illness theory and attribution theory offer frameworks for understanding women\u27s experiences with the onset of preterm labor
Biotransformations: Reaction Conditions, Antimicrobial Properties, and Enzyme Isolation
Biotransformation reactions using whole cell or organisms have been extensively studied. Most of the studies have focused on producing and characterizing the enantiospecific products. Benefits of biotransformation reactions include the use of water and other environmentally friendly conditions. We decided to focus on a single reaction to determine the best reaction conditions for the biotransformation, explore possible antimicrobial activity of the product, and isolate and characterize the protein involved in catalyzing the reaction
Healthcare staff perceptions of patient safety culture in nursing home settings - a cross-sectional study
In nursing homes, knowledge about patient safety culture is still limited. This study investigates staff perceptions of patient safety culture in Norwegian nursing homes, measured with the Nursing Home Survey on Patient Safety Culture (NHSOPSC). 466 (69%) staff from 12 different nursing homes participated. The total percentages of positive responses for each patient safety culture dimension and differences in perceptions according to staffâs educational background and position were calculated. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to test if the NHSOPSC dimensions predicted participantsâ ratings of the question âPlease give this nursing home an overall rating on patient safetyâ. The proportion of positive responses was high, with six of ten dimensions having an average percentage above 70%. âSupervisor expectations and actions promoting patient safetyâ (88%), âfeedback and communication about inci- dentsâ (87%), and a ânon-punitive response to mistakesâ (78%) had high average scores, while âstaffingâ (46%) and âtraining and skillsâ (56%) had the lowest average scores. Managers reported higher scores on all dimensions, except for âcompliance with proceduresâ compared with other staff groups. Educational level had less influence on staffâs perceptions of patient safety culture than management position. The ten NHSOPSC dimensions explained 47.2% of the variance for the overall rating question âPlease give this nursing home an overall rating on patient safetyâ (F [10, 384] = 34.39, p < 0.001). âManagement and organizational learningâ had the strongest unique contribution (28.1%). This study suggests that staff working at the bedside have confidence in their nursing managersâ attention to patient safety issues and that a non-punitive environment is prevalent in Norwegian nursing homes.publishedVersio
Writing Affects the Brain Network of Reading in Chinese: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
We examined the hypothesis that learning to write Chinese characters influences the brainâs reading network for characters. Students from a college Chinese class learned 30 characters in a character-writing condition and 30 characters in a pinyin-writing condition. After learning, functional magnetic resonance imaging collected during passive viewing showed different networks for reading Chinese characters and English words, suggesting accommodation to the demands of the new writing system through short-term learning. Beyond these expected differences, we found specific effects of character writing in greater activation (relative to pinyin writing) in bilateral superior parietal lobules and bilateral lingual gyri in both a lexical decision and an implicit writing task. These findings suggest that character writing establishes a higher quality representation of the visualâspatial structure of the character and its orthography. We found a greater involvement of bilateral sensori-motor cortex (SMC) for character-writing trained characters than pinyin-writing trained characters in the lexical decision task, suggesting that learning by doing
invokes greater interaction with sensori-motor information during character recognition. Furthermore, we found a correlation of recognition accuracy with activation in right superior parietal lobule, right lingual gyrus, and left SMC, suggesting that these areas support the facilitative effect character writing has on reading. Finally, consistent with previous behavioral studies, we found character-writing training facilitates connections with semantics by producing greater activation in bilateral middle temporal gyri,whereas pinyin-writing training facilitates connections with phonology by producing greater activation in
right inferior frontal gyrus
The Ursinus Weekly, March 22, 1965
Dr. Eugene Miller campaigns for local democratic mayoralty ⢠Curtain Club announces cast of Spring play ⢠Frank Sheeder named new editor-in-chief of Weekly: Editorial staff to be announced in April ⢠Ruby sales to end on Friday ⢠Support sought for campus radio ⢠Chem Club hears student research progress reports ⢠Alumni host senior farewell, welcome dinner ⢠Bixler speaks to faculty Forum on pragmatism ⢠WSGA entertains men in Paisley recreation room ⢠Editorial: On our way out ⢠Art of culture ⢠Greek gleanings ⢠Letters to the editor ⢠Ursinus Weakly: Fantastic 4 on loose, super heroes ride on; Committee awards fool\u27s honor; NCAA to probe UC point shaving; Helfferich resigns position, conservative named by Board - William Penn Cromwell to fill presidential vacancy; Hill smashes cell, Craig named hero; New game previewed; An ode to Hobson Hallhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1244/thumbnail.jp
Charles Wagley's legacy of Interdisciplinary Graduate Research and Training Programs at the University of Florida
Early stage visual-orthographic processes predict long-term retention of word form and meaning: A visual encoding training study
Adult learners of Chinese learned new characters through writing, visual chunking or reading-only. Following training, ERPs were recorded during character recognition tasks, first shortly after the training and then three months later. We hypothesized that the
character training effects would be seen in ERP components associated with word recognition and episodic memory. Results confirmed a larger N170 for visual chunking training than other training and a larger P600 for learned characters than novel
characters. Another result was a training effect on the amplitude of the P100, which was greater following writing training than other training, suggesting that writing training temporarily lead to increased visual attention to the orthographic forms. Furthermore,
P100 amplitude at the first post-test was positively correlated with character recall 3 months later. Thus the marker of early visual attention (P100) was predictive of retention of orthographic knowledge acquired in training
Genetic Factors in Seizures: A Population-Based Study of 47,626 US, Norwegian and Danish Twin Pairs
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