Association between habitual use of coping strategies and posttraumatic stress symptoms in a non-clinical sample of college students: A Bayesian approach.

The present study investigated the influences of coping styles on posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) among a sample of non-clinical college students who were exposed to traumatic events. Ninety-nine college students participated in the study. However, the sample used in the analyses consisted of only 37 participants who fulfilled the DSM-IV criterion A for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) diagnosis. The PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C) and the Brief COPE were used to assess the participants' PTSS and habitual use of coping strategies, respectively. Bayesian and frequentist correlations showed that emotion-focused coping style was negatively associated with PTSS, while dysfunctional coping style was positively related to PTSS. In the subsequent linear regression on both statistical framework, dysfunctional coping was the only consistent variable predicting more PTSD symptoms. The findings presented here show that lower use of adaptive coping (emotion-focused) and higher use of dysfunctional coping styles on a daily basis are associated to PTSS severity in a non-clinical sample of college students. According to the Bayesian approach, which permits more generalization of data, dysfunctional coping style is determinant to higher levels of PTSS. These findings add new data to the body of research that highlight the critical role of distinct coping strategies in the severity of PTSS

Pulmonary hypertension in lymphangioleiomyomatosis: prevalence, severity and the role of carbon monoxide diffusion capacity as a screening method

Abstract Background Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is included within group 5 of the current PH classification (unclear multifactorial mechanisms). However, data regarding the occurrence of PH in LAM are scarce. The aims of the study were to describe the prevalence and characteristics of PH in a large cohort of LAM patients with different levels of severity, and to evaluate the role of echocardiography and carbon monoxide diffusion capacity (DLCO) as screening methods for PH in LAM. Methods One hundred five LAM patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography, pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and 6-min walk test (6MWT). Patients with a suspicion of PH on echocardiography, defined by the presence of estimated systolic pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) over 35 mmHg or PFT showing DLco below 40% of the predicted value, underwent right heart catheterisation to confirm the diagnosis of PH. Results Eight patients (7.6%) had PH confirmed on right heart catheterisation, six patients (5.7%) had a pre-capillary pattern and two patients (1.9%) had a post-capillary profile. Only one patient (1%) had mean PAP over 35 mmHg. Patients with PH had lower FEV1 and DLCO in PFTs and greater oxygen desaturation and dyspnea intensity during 6MWT compared with those without PH. In 63% of the patients with confirmed PH, the right heart catheterisation was performed based only on DLCO result. Conclusions The prevalence of PH is low in LAM patients. Pulmonary hypertension in LAM is typically mild and significantly associated with pulmonary parenchymal involvement. Carbon monoxide diffusion capacity significantly improved the identification of PH in LAM patients

Genome sequencing reveals coinfection by multiple chikungunya virus genotypes in a recent outbreak in Brazil

Submitted by Paulo Silva ([email protected]) on 2019-12-16T12:18:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Genome sequencing reveals coinfection by multiple chikungunya virus genotypes in a recent outbreak in Brazil.pdf: 3369746 bytes, checksum: a35e2f3c4178a232234ad3655a8ee55f (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Paulo Silva ([email protected]) on 2019-12-16T13:05:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Genome sequencing reveals coinfection by multiple chikungunya virus genotypes in a recent outbreak in Brazil.pdf: 3369746 bytes, checksum: a35e2f3c4178a232234ad3655a8ee55f (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-12-16T13:05:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Genome sequencing reveals coinfection by multiple chikungunya virus genotypes in a recent outbreak in Brazil.pdf: 3369746 bytes, checksum: a35e2f3c4178a232234ad3655a8ee55f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Departamento de Entomologia. Recife, PE, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Departamento de Entomologia. Recife, PE, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Núcleo de Bioinformática. Recife, PE, Brasil.Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária. Recife, PE, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Departamento de Saúde Pública. Recife, PE, Brasil.CNRS Université Paris-Sud. Evolução Laboratorial. Gênomos. Comportamento. Ecologia. Gif sur Yvette, France.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Departamento de Virologia e Terapia Experimental. Recife, PE, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Departamento de Entomologia. Recife, PE, Brasil.Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an RNA virus from the Togaviridae family transmitted by mosquitoes in both sylvatic and urban cycles. In humans, CHIKV infection leads to a febrile illness, denominated Chikungunya fever (CHIKF), commonly associated with more intense and debilitating outcomes. CHIKV arrived in Brazil in 2014 through two independent introductions: the Asian/Caribbean genotype entered through the North region and the African ECSA genotype was imported through the Northeast region. Following their initial introduction, both genotypes established their urban cycle among large naive human populations causing several outbreaks in the Americas. Here, we sequenced CHIKV genomes from a recent outbreak in the Northeast region of Brazil, employing an in-house developed Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) protocol capable of directly detecting multiple known CHIKV genotypes from clinical positive samples. Our results demonstrate that both Asian/Caribbean and ECSA genotypes expanded their ranges, reaching cocirculation in the Northeast region of Brazil. In addition, our NGS data supports the findings of simultaneous infection by these two genotypes, suggesting that coinfection might be more common than previously thought in highly endemic areas. Future efforts to understand CHIKV epidemiology should thus take into consideration the possibility of coinfection by different genotypes in the human population

Comparison of cognitive functions among frail and prefrail older adults: a clinical perspective

To compare cognitive function among frail and prefrail older adults. Design: Cross-sectional clinical study. Participants: Fifty-one non-institutionalized older individuals participated in this study. Measurements: Cognitive functions were evaluated through Mini-Mental State Examination (Global Cognition), Digit Span Forward (short-term memory), Digit Span Backward (working memory), Verbal Fluency Test (semantic memory/executive function). Data were compared using parametric and non-parametric bivariate tests. Binary logistic regression was used to test a frailty prediction model. Statistical significance was defined as p <= 0.01 to compare groups. In the regression model, the p value was set to be <= 0.05. Results: Statistically significant differences were observed in global cognition, and short-term memory between frail and prefrail individuals (p <= 0.01). Global cognition explained 14-19% of frailty's model. Conclusion: According to our findings, the evaluation of cognitive functions among older persons with frailty and prefrailty provides important complementary information to better manage frailty and its progression312297301COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS - FAPEMIGsem informaçãosem informaçã

ΔNp73 overexpression promotes resistance to apoptosis but does not cooperate with PML/RARA in the induction of an APL-leukemic phenotype

Submitted by Adagilson Silva ([email protected]) on 2017-06-27T17:49:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 28035072 2017 luc-del.oa.pdf: 4478429 bytes, checksum: 61bc5d712c23456202844fe304767446 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Adagilson Silva ([email protected]) on 2017-06-27T19:06:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 28035072 2017 luc-del.oa.pdf: 4478429 bytes, checksum: 61bc5d712c23456202844fe304767446 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-27T19:06:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 28035072 2017 luc-del.oa.pdf: 4478429 bytes, checksum: 61bc5d712c23456202844fe304767446 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-31Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Recife, PE, BrasilHere, we evaluated whether the overexpression of transcriptionally inactive ΔNp73 cooperates with PML/RARA fusion protein in the induction of an APL-leukemic phenotype, as well as its role in vitro in proliferation, myeloid differentiation, and drug-induced apoptosis. Using lentiviral gene transfer, we showed in vitro that ΔNp73 overexpression resulted in increased proliferation in murine bone marrow (BM) cells from hCG-PML/RARA transgenic mice and their wild-type (WT) counterpart, with no accumulation of cells at G2/M or S phases; instead, ΔNp73-expressing cells had a lower rate of induced apoptosis. Next, we evaluated the effect of ΔNp73 on stem-cell self-renewal and myeloid differentiation. Primary BM cells lentivirally infected with human ΔNp73 were not immortalized in culture and did not present significant changes in the percentage of CD11b. Finally, we assessed the impact of ΔNp73 on leukemogenesis or its possible cooperation with PML/RARA fusion protein in the induction of an APL-leukemic phenotype. After 120 days of follow-up, all transplanted mice were clinically healthy and, no evidence of leukemia/myelodysplasia was apparent. Taken together, our data suggest that ΔNp73 had no leukemic transformation capacity by itself and apparently did not cooperate with the PML/RARA fusion protein to induce a leukemic phenotype in a murine BM transplantation model. In addition, the forced expression of ΔNp73 in murine BM progenitors did not alter the ATRA-induced differentiation rate in vitro or induce aberrant cell proliferation, but exerted an important role in cell survival, providing resistance to drug-induced apoptosis

Zika virus detection, isolation and genome sequencing through Culicidae sampling during the epidemic in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil

Abstract Background Zika virus (ZIKV) has been isolated from many mosquito species in nature, but it is believed that the main vectors in urban environments are species of the genus Aedes. Here, we detected and isolated ZIKV in samples from Aedes aegypti, Aedes taeniorhynchus and Culex quinquefasciatus, collected during the Zika epidemic in Vitória, southeast Brazil. Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, ZIKV detection was performed in mosquito samples collected from February to April 2016. Results Overall, six pools of mosquitoes were positive for ZIKV: four of Cx. quinquefasciatus, one of Ae. aegypti and one of Ae. taeniorhynchus. Their genomes were sequenced. Conclusions These results support and strengthen the hypothesis that other mosquito species can also be involved in ZIKV transmission

Persistence of chikungunya ECSA genotype and local outbreak in an upper medium class neighborhood in Northeast Brazil.

The chikungunya East/Central/South/Africa virus lineage (CHIKV-ECSA) was first detected in Brazil in the municipality of Feira de Santana (FS) by mid 2014. Following that, a large number of CHIKV cases have been notified in FS, which is the second-most populous city in Bahia state, northeastern Brazil, and plays an important role on the spread to other Brazilian states due to climate conditions and the abundance of competent vectors. To better understand CHIKV dynamics in Bahia state, we generated 5 complete genome sequences from a local outbreak raised in Serraria Brasil, a neighbourhood in FS, by next-generation sequencing using Illumina approach. Phylogenetic reconstructions revealed that the new FS genomes belongs to the ECSA genotype and falls within a single strongly supported monophyletic clade that includes other older CHIKV sequences from the same location, suggesting the persistence of the virus during distinct epidemic seasons. We also performed minor variants analysis and found a small number of SNPs per sample (b_29L and e_45SR = 16 SNPs, c_29SR = 29 and d_45PL and f_45FL = 21 SNPs). Out of the 93 SNPs found, 71 are synonymous, 21 are non-synonymous and one generated a stop codon. Although those mutations are not related to the increase of virus replication and/or infectivity, some SNPs were found in non-structural proteins which may have an effect on viral evasion from the mammal immunological system. These findings reinforce the needing of further studies on those variants and of continued genomic surveillance strategies to track viral adaptations and to monitor CHIKV epidemics for improved public health control

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data