Moneda Corriente : Experiencia de uso de redes sociales para difundir periodismo económico a nativos digitales

Moneda Corriente es un medio nativo digital que busca abordar temas económicos de una forma clara, sencilla y didáctica para un público no especializado. Esta propuesta periodística busca ser una alternativa a la cobertura económica tradicional, concentrada en medios cuyo público objetivo son profesionales afines a las ciencias económicas. Además, el reto es doble: También se busca llegar a un público de entre 25 y 35 años, nativo digital, cuyos hábitos de consumo es netamente vía Internet. Para esto, Moneda Corriente utiliza plataformas digitales y herramientas del periodismo explicativo. El presente trabajo de investigación recoge esta experiencia de uso y relata cómo introducir reportajes a profundidad sobre temas técnicos y complejos, como la crisis de la úrea, la presencia de grupos de poder en la economía, la inflación o el uso de billeteras digitales; en redes sociales como Instagram, Twitter y Tiktok. Entre nuestros hallazgos, resaltamos el desafío que implicó adaptar temas complejos en plataformas de consumo fugaz. Para ejecutar esta tarea, recurrimos al uso de imágenes de fácil reconocimiento, como los memes; sonidos en tendencia y palabras coloquiales que permitan a los usuarios aligerar su lectura. Por último, destacamos la ventaja de responder rápidamente a los temas de coyuntura. En este punto, detectamos que a pesar que la densidad de los temas económicos suele ser un repelente, explicaciones a temas como “¿por qué suben los recibos de luz?” o “¿por qué se incrementan los precios en los mercados?'' son necesarios de entender para la vida cotidiana del consumidor. Esta información, adaptada a un contenido digital, logró el cumplimiento de las expectativas de Moneda Corriente.Moneda Corriente is a digital native medium that seeks to address economic issues in a clear, simple and didactic way for a non-specialized public. This journalistic proposal seeks to be an alternative to traditional economic coverage, concentrated in media whose target audience is professionals related to economic sciences. In addition, the challenge is twofold: It also seeks to reach an audience between 25 and 35 years old, digital native, whose consumption habits are purely through the Internet. To do this, Moneda Corriente uses digital platforms and explanatory journalism tools. This research work collects this experience of use and tells how to introduce in-depth reports on technical and complex issues, such as the urea crisis, the presence of powerful groups in the economy, inflation or the use of digital wallets; on social networks like Instagram, Twitter and Tiktok. Among our functionalities, we highlight the challenge that involved adapting complex themes on fleeting consumption platforms. To carry out this task, we resort to the use of easily recognizable images, such as memes; trending sounds and colloquial words that allow users to liven up their reading. Finally, we highlight the advantage of responding quickly to current problems. At this point, we detect that despite the fact that the density of economic issues is usually repellent, it explains issues such as "why are electricity bills going up?" or "why do prices increase in the markets?". They are necessary to understand for the daily life of the consumer. This information, adapted to digital content, met the expectations of Moneda Corriente

Molecular Aspects of Dendritic Cell Activation in Leishmaniasis: An Immunobiological View

Dendritic cells (DC) are a diverse group of leukocytes responsible for bridging innate and adaptive immunity. Despite their functional versatility, DCs exist primarily in two basic functional states: immature and mature. A large body of evidence suggests that upon interactions with pathogens, DCs undergo intricate cellular processes that culminate in their activation, which is paramount to the orchestration of effective immune responses against Leishmania parasites. Herein we offer a concise review of the emerging hallmarks of DCs activation in leishmaniasis as well as a comprehensive discussion of the following underlying molecular events: DC-Leishmania interaction, antigen uptake, costimulatory molecule expression, parasite ability to affect DC migration, antigen presentation, metabolic reprogramming, and epigenetic alterations

Serologic Evidence of Scrub Typhus in the Peruvian Amazon.

Using a large, passive, febrile surveillance program in Iquitos, Peru, we retrospectively tested human blood specimens for scrub typhus group orientiae by ELISA, immunofluorescence assay, and PCR. Of 1,124 participants, 60 (5.3%) were seropositive, and 1 showed evidence of recent active infection. Our serologic data indicate that scrub typhus is present in the Peruvian Amazon

Rickettsial Disease in the Peruvian Amazon Basin.

Using a large, passive, clinic-based surveillance program in Iquitos, Peru, we characterized the prevalence of rickettsial infections among undifferentiated febrile cases and obtained evidence of pathogen transmission in potential domestic reservoir contacts and their ectoparasites. Blood specimens from humans and animals were assayed for spotted fever group rickettsiae (SFGR) and typhus group rickettsiae (TGR) by ELISA and/or PCR; ectoparasites were screened by PCR. Logistic regression was used to determine associations between patient history, demographic characteristics of participants and symptoms, clinical findings and outcome of rickettsial infection. Of the 2,054 enrolled participants, almost 2% showed evidence of seroconversion or a 4-fold rise in antibody titers specific for rickettsiae between acute and convalescent blood samples. Of 190 fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) and 60 ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) tested, 185 (97.4%) and 3 (5%), respectively, were positive for Rickettsia spp. Candidatus Rickettsia asemboensis was identified in 100% and 33% of the fleas and ticks tested, respectively. Collectively, our serologic data indicates that human pathogenic SFGR are present in the Peruvian Amazon and pose a significant risk of infection to individuals exposed to wild, domestic and peri-domestic animals and their ectoparasites

Dynamics and determinants of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing on symptomatic individuals attending healthcare centers during 2020 in Bahia, Brazil

RT-PCR testing data provides opportunities to explore regional and individual determinants of test positivity and surveillance infrastructure. Using Generalized Additive Models, we explored 222,515 tests of a random sample of individuals with COVID-19 compatible symptoms in the Brazilian state of Bahia during 2020. We found that age and male gender were the most significant determinants of test positivity. There was evidence of an unequal impact among socio-demographic strata, with higher positivity among those living in areas with low education levels during the first epidemic wave, followed by those living in areas with higher education levels in the second wave. Our estimated probability of testing positive after symptom onset corroborates previous reports that the probability decreases with time, more than halving by about two weeks and converging to zero by three weeks. Test positivity rates generally followed state-level reported cases, and while a single laboratory performed ~90% of tests covering ~99% of the state's area, test turn-around time generally remained below four days. This testing effort is a testimony to the Bahian surveillance capacity during public health emergencies, as previously witnessed during the recent Zika and Yellow Fever outbreaks

Immunoglobulin, glucocorticoid, or combination therapy for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: a propensity-weighted cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a hyperinflammatory condition associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, has emerged as a serious illness in children worldwide. Immunoglobulin or glucocorticoids, or both, are currently recommended treatments. METHODS: The Best Available Treatment Study evaluated immunomodulatory treatments for MIS-C in an international observational cohort. Analysis of the first 614 patients was previously reported. In this propensity-weighted cohort study, clinical and outcome data from children with suspected or proven MIS-C were collected onto a web-based Research Electronic Data Capture database. After excluding neonates and incomplete or duplicate records, inverse probability weighting was used to compare primary treatments with intravenous immunoglobulin, intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids, or glucocorticoids alone, using intravenous immunoglobulin as the reference treatment. Primary outcomes were a composite of inotropic or ventilator support from the second day after treatment initiation, or death, and time to improvement on an ordinal clinical severity scale. Secondary outcomes included treatment escalation, clinical deterioration, fever, and coronary artery aneurysm occurrence and resolution. This study is registered with the ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN69546370. FINDINGS: We enrolled 2101 children (aged 0 months to 19 years) with clinically diagnosed MIS-C from 39 countries between June 14, 2020, and April 25, 2022, and, following exclusions, 2009 patients were included for analysis (median age 8·0 years [IQR 4·2-11·4], 1191 [59·3%] male and 818 [40·7%] female, and 825 [41·1%] White). 680 (33·8%) patients received primary treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin, 698 (34·7%) with intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids, 487 (24·2%) with glucocorticoids alone; 59 (2·9%) patients received other combinations, including biologicals, and 85 (4·2%) patients received no immunomodulators. There were no significant differences between treatments for primary outcomes for the 1586 patients with complete baseline and outcome data that were considered for primary analysis. Adjusted odds ratios for ventilation, inotropic support, or death were 1·09 (95% CI 0·75-1·58; corrected p value=1·00) for intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids and 0·93 (0·58-1·47; corrected p value=1·00) for glucocorticoids alone, versus intravenous immunoglobulin alone. Adjusted average hazard ratios for time to improvement were 1·04 (95% CI 0·91-1·20; corrected p value=1·00) for intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids, and 0·84 (0·70-1·00; corrected p value=0·22) for glucocorticoids alone, versus intravenous immunoglobulin alone. Treatment escalation was less frequent for intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids (OR 0·15 [95% CI 0·11-0·20]; p<0·0001) and glucocorticoids alone (0·68 [0·50-0·93]; p=0·014) versus intravenous immunoglobulin alone. Persistent fever (from day 2 onward) was less common with intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids compared with either intravenous immunoglobulin alone (OR 0·50 [95% CI 0·38-0·67]; p<0·0001) or glucocorticoids alone (0·63 [0·45-0·88]; p=0·0058). Coronary artery aneurysm occurrence and resolution did not differ significantly between treatment groups. INTERPRETATION: Recovery rates, including occurrence and resolution of coronary artery aneurysms, were similar for primary treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin when compared to glucocorticoids or intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids. Initial treatment with glucocorticoids appears to be a safe alternative to immunoglobulin or combined therapy, and might be advantageous in view of the cost and limited availability of intravenous immunoglobulin in many countries. FUNDING: Imperial College London, the European Union's Horizon 2020, Wellcome Trust, the Medical Research Foundation, UK National Institute for Health and Care Research, and National Institutes of Health

Avaliação do papel da via de sinalização de TREM-1 na leishmaniose cutânea localizada (LCL) humana

Submitted by Repositório Arca ([email protected]) on 2019-11-25T13:35:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2019-11-25T16:05:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Mariana Rosa Ampuero. Avaliação do papel... 2019.pdf: 2178621 bytes, checksum: 0e259ea0949064a7b3f318459e9abe16 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-25T16:05:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Mariana Rosa Ampuero. Avaliação do papel... 2019.pdf: 2178621 bytes, checksum: 0e259ea0949064a7b3f318459e9abe16 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019O presente trabalho foi realizado com apoio da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) – Código de Financiamento 001Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Leishmaniasis remains one of the most neglected tropical diseases in the world. The immune response of the host against Leishmania plays a critical role in promoting parasite death and also promotes the severity of the disease. The Myeloid Cell Expression Receptor (TREM) has recently been identified as an immune response amplifier, which acts synergistically with Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. TREM-1 is expressed strictly in myeloide lineage cells, mainly neutrophils. Its signaling form depends on the adaptive protein DAP12, which results in the activation of NFêB and the expression of reference genes, as well as in the degranulation, production of ROS and cytokines. OBJECTIVE: Based on this, the present study investigated the role of TREM-1 during L. braziliensis infection. MATERIAL AND METHODS: First, public transcriptome data of lesions from patients infected by L. braziliensis compared to not infected skin obtained from GEODataSets. After, the results were validated by real-time PCR with new samples. Finally, the mechanisms of activation of TREM-1 during human neutrophil infection in vitro were investigated. RESULTS: The transcriptome data analysis demonstrated an increase in TREM-1 expression, including all signaling molecules. These results were confirmed by RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry in new samples. On the other hand, a negative correlation of messenger RNA of TREM-1, DAP12, TLR2 and TLR4 was observed on the circulating neutrophils of these patients. In addition, exposure to L. braziliensis increased the expression of TREM-1 on the surface of human neutrophils, leading to the degranulation of matrix metalloproteinase 9. Finally, TREM-1 and TLR2 are synergists in neutrophil degeneration but not in internalization of L brasiliensis. CONCLUSION: TREM-1 may be a potential target for modulation of inflammatory response in LCL, remaining the ability of neutrophil to kill Leishmania.Leishmaniasis remains one of the most neglected tropical diseases in the world. The immune response of the host against Leishmania plays a critical role in promoting parasite death and also promotes the severity of the disease. The Myeloid Cell Expression Receptor (TREM) has recently been identified as an immune response amplifier, which acts synergistically with Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. TREM-1 is expressed strictly in myeloide lineage cells, mainly neutrophils. Its signaling form depends on the adaptive protein DAP12, which results in the activation of NFκB and the expression of reference genes, as well as in the degranulation, production of ROS and cytokines. OBJECTIVE: Based on this, the present study investigated the role of TREM-1 during L. braziliensis infection. MATERIAL AND METHODS: First, public transcriptome data of lesions from patients infected by L. braziliensis compared to not infected skin obtained from GEODataSets. After, the results were validated by real-time PCR with new samples. Finally, the mechanisms of activation of TREM-1 during human neutrophil infection in vitro were investigated. RESULTS: The transcriptome data analysis demonstrated an increase in TREM-1 expression, including all signaling molecules. These results were confirmed by RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry in new samples. On the other hand, a negative correlation of messenger RNA of TREM-1, DAP12, TLR2 and TLR4 was observed on the circulating neutrophils of these patients. In addition, exposure to L. braziliensis increased the expression of TREM-1 on the surface of human neutrophils, leading to the degranulation of matrix metalloproteinase 9. Finally, TREM-1 and TLR2 are synergists in neutrophil degeneration but not in internalization of L brasiliensis. CONCLUSION: TREM-1 may be a potential target for modulation of inflammatory response in LCL, remaining the ability of neutrophil to kill Leishmania

Dendritic Cells and Leishmania Infection: Adding Layers of Complexity to a Complex Disease

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2016-07-12T18:42:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Feijo D Dendritic cells....pdf: 1000512 bytes, checksum: 590b72555d449e42f9d156b8e378dcf1 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2016-07-13T11:40:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Feijo D Dendritic cells....pdf: 1000512 bytes, checksum: 590b72555d449e42f9d156b8e378dcf1 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-13T11:40:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Feijo D Dendritic cells....pdf: 1000512 bytes, checksum: 590b72555d449e42f9d156b8e378dcf1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016Fundação Gonçalo Moniz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Gonçalo Moniz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Universidade Federal da Bahia. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Gonçalo Moniz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Universidade Federal da Bahia. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Gonçalo Moniz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Universidade Federal da Bahia. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia (iii). São Paulo, SP, BrasilFundação Gonçalo Moniz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilIt is an important public health problem worldwide caused by the protozoan parasite from the Leishmania genus. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is the most frequent form of this disease transmitted by the bite of an infected sandfly into the host skin. The parasites can be uptook and/or recognized by macrophages, neutrophils, and/or dendritic cells (DCs). Initially, DCs were described to play a protective role in activating the immune response against Leishmania parasites.However, several reports showed a dichotomic role of DCs in modulating the host immune response to susceptibility or resistance in CL. In this review, we discuss (1) the interactions between DCs and parasites from different species of Leishmania and (2) the crosstalk of DCs and other cells during CL infection.The complexity of these interactions profoundly affects the adaptive immune response and, consequently, the disease outcome, especially from Leishmania species of the NewWorl