HÁBITOS DE VIDA E DIMENSÕES DA SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT ENTRE TRABALHADORES DA EMERGÊNCIA PRÉ-HOSPITALAR

Objetivo: descrever hábitos de vida e dimensões da síndrome de Burnout em trabalhadores do atendimento de emergência pré-hospitalar. Método: estudo descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 56 trabalhadores, entre março e abril de 2017. Foi aplicado o Maslach Burnout Inventory para avaliar as dimensões da síndrome de Burnout e questionário para a caracterização sociodemográfica. Dados apresentados mediante descrição estatística. Resultados: hábitos de vida saudáveis e realização profissional com a atividade exercida puderam agir como fatores de proteção para o desenvolvimento da síndrome entre esses trabalhadores. Não faziam uso de tabaco, 91,1% dos trabalhadores; 60,7% não ingeriam bebida alcoólica; 62,5% faziam atividade física e 100% realizavam atividades de lazer. Os participantes apresentaram nível baixo de exaustão emocional (75%); baixo nível de despersonalização (50%) e realização profissional (57,14%). Conclusão: os trabalhadores do atendimento de emergência pré-hospitalar tinham hábitos de vida saudáveis e não se enquadraram na classificação da síndrome de Burnout.Descritores: Estresse Ocupacional. Saúde do Trabalhador. Profissionais de Saúde. Atendimento de Emergência Pré-Hospitalar. 

Prevalence and factors associated with functional dependency in homebound elderly people in Brazil

Introduction: Population ageing is a worldwide reality that requires attention, and a concern for healthy and functional ageing is increasingly the focus of government policies and programmes.Objective: To identify the prevalence of homebound elderly people, and the influence of sociodemographic and economic characteristics on their functional dependency.Methods: Cross-sectional study with 178 homebound elderly people assisted by a family healthcare unit in Vitória, ES, Brazil. Functional independence was measured by the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and the sociodemographic and economic variables were collected by a questionnaire developed by the authors. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the influence of the sociodemographic and economic characteristics on the risk of being functionally dependent.Results: Forty-eight percent of the participants were functional dependents, 80% were female, 72% belonged to the fourth age, 74% were white, 63% were widowed, 78% had retired, 90% had children, 83% had a caregiver, 52% had low education and 40% had low income. Logistic regression indicated that having a caregiver increased by 40 times the chance of being functionally dependent (OR = 40.2; 95%CI 4.8–355.4) and having between one to eight years of education decreased the chance of functional dependency (OR = 0.2; 95%CI 0.04-0.9).Conclusions: The prevalence of functional dependency was very high in this sample, and since the presence of a caregiver was the strongest and significant predictor of functional dependency, we suggest that guidance and support should be offered to caregivers, followed   by a family healthcare strategy, to make consistent efforts with the objective of improving  functional recovery and independence of homebound elderly.Introduction: Population ageing is a worldwide reality that requires attention, and a concern for healthy and functional ageing is increasingly the focus of government policies and programmes.Objective: To identify the prevalence of homebound elderly people, and the influence of sociodemographic and economic characteristics on their functional dependency.Methods: Cross-sectional study with 178 homebound elderly people assisted by a family healthcare unit in Vitória, ES, Brazil. Functional independence was measured by the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and the sociodemographic and economic variables were collected by a questionnaire developed by the authors. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the influence of the sociodemographic and economic characteristics on the risk of being functionally dependent.Results: Forty-eight percent of the participants were functional dependents, 80% were female, 72% belonged to the fourth age, 74% were white, 63% were widowed, 78% had retired, 90% had children, 83% had a caregiver, 52% had low education and 40% had low income. Logistic regression indicated that having a caregiver increased by 40 times the chance of being functionally dependent (OR = 40.2; 95%CI 4.8–355.4) and having between one to eight years of education decreased the chance of functional dependency (OR = 0.2; 95%CI 0.04-0.9).Conclusions: The prevalence of functional dependency was very high in this sample, and since the presence of a caregiver was the strongest and significant predictor of functional dependency, we suggest that guidance and support should be offered to caregivers, followed   by a family healthcare strategy,  to make consistent efforts with the objective of improving  functional recovery and independence of homebound elderly

CLINICAL-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF HOSPITALISED PATIENTS IN PAEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

Introduction: Paediatric intensive care units have made important advances in technology and assistance since the 1980s, which have made more favourable the prognosis of critically ill children all over the world. Objective: Identify the epidemiological profile and clinical outcomes of hospitalised children and adolescents in the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit of Hospital Vitória, Espirito Santo, Brazil. Methods: A descriptive and retrospective study carried out in the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit of Hospital Infantil Nossa Senhora da Glória in the city of Vitória, Espirito Santo, Brazil. Age, sex, ospitalisation diagnosis, progression to discharge/death, and length of hospital admission were obtained from the Sector of Medical and Hospital Statistics Files between 2011 and 2012. For the descriptive analysis, categorical variables were expressed as absolute and percentage, and the continuous variables in average and standard deviation. For comparison, Pearson’s chi-squared tests, Fisher’s test, and Student’s t test were used and p values <0.05 with confidence interval of 95% were considered statistically significant. Results: Of the 609 patients analysed, 342 (56.2%) were male (mean age: 72.7 ± 71.3 months). Respiratory disease, postoperative processes, and trauma were the main causes of hospitalisation. The average duration of hospitalization was 6.9 ± 5.5 days; 514 (84.4%) patients were discharged, 95 (15.6%) died, and of those, 53 (55.7%) died in less than 72 hours of hospitalisation. Conclusion: Most of the patients were less than 2 years of age. The leading causes of hospitalisation were respiratory disease (pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and asthma), sepsis, and head injury, which was the major cause of the trauma motivated by violence. The average hospital admission in the unit was one week and the mortality rate was 15.6%, with one third of the deaths recorded in the first 72 hours of hospitalisation

Epidemiological Analysis of Penile Neoplasms in Brazil and Its Social Determinants

Introduction: Penile neoplasms, although preventable, are frequent even among young persons. Penile neoplasms have a high risk of not only morbidity and mortality but also important psychosocial repercussions.Objective: To describe the epidemiology of penile neoplasms in Brazil. Method: This was an epidemiological, descriptive and cross-sectional study. Data on all the notified cases of penile neoplasms in Brazil between 1985 and 2015 were obtained from RCPBP/INCA and DATASUS databases.Results: Of 9 625 notified cases of penile neoplasms, a higher proportion of cancer patients was observed among patients aged between 40 and 70 years (63.5%) and among smokers (21%), in Brown and Caucasian patients (80%), those who were married (54.2%), had high alcohol intake levels (16%) and with lower levels of education: illiterate people (21.5%), those with incomplete elementary school education (36.6%) and those with complete elementary school education (10.3%). The lesions were located in the glans (22.6%), prepuce (7.5%) and the penile body (7.5%). Higher mortality rates were observed in the age-group 50 to 80 years and in among patients from the Northeast (31.4%) and Southeast (39.2%) regions of the country.Conclusion: Penile neoplasms, which mainly affect young people that are economically active, are prevalent in Brazil and the majority of patients present with an advanced stage of the disease. They are Brown and Caucasian, married, with poor education and live in the Northeast and Southeast regions of the country

PATIENT SAFETY CULTURE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF NURSES

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to describe attitudes and the culture of safety from the perspective of nurses. Eighty-three nurses participated in the study and answered the questionnaire “Safety Attitudes Questionnaire – Short Form 2006”, which was translated into Portuguese. Data collection was carried out between April and May 2015 in a hospital located in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil. The mean score was 66, and varied between 54.8 for ‘Perception of management’ to 78.3 for ‘Job satisfaction’. A positive perception of the safety culture was shown by scores of >75 points in average only for ‘Job satisfaction’. Most participants (89%) agree that mistakes are dealt with appropriately. Five of the six fields assessed obtained negative scores, which showed the need for planning and developing strategies oriented toward an effective culture of patient safety.Estudio transversal con el objetivo de describir las actitudes y cultura de seguridad en la perspectiva del enfermero. Participaron 83 enfermeros, que respondieron al cuestionario “Safety Attitudes Questionnaire – Short Form 2006”, traducido al portugués. La recolección de datos se efectuó entre abril y mayo de 2015 en un hospital localizado en Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brasil. El puntaje promedio total fue de 66, variando desde 54,8 para Visión de la gerencia a 78,3 para Satisfacción en el trabajo. Se evidenció una percepción positiva a través de puntajes > 75 puntos promedio solamente en Satisfacción en el trabajo. La mayoría de los participantes (89%) concordó en que los errores no son tratados de la manera adecuada. Se concluyó en que cinco de los seis dominios evaluados tuvieron puntajes negativos, expresando la necesidad de planificación y desarrollo de estrategias orientadas a una cultura efectiva de seguridad de los pacientes.Estudo transversal com objetivo de descrever as atitudes e cultura de segurança na perspectiva do enfermeiro. Participaram 83 enfermeiros, que responderam ao questionário “Safety Attitudes Questionnaire – Short Form 2006”, traduzido para a língua portuguesa. A coleta de dados foi entre abril e maio de 2015 em um hospital localizado em Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brasil. O escore médio total foi de 66, variando de 54,8 para Percepção da gerência a 78,3 para Satisfação no trabalho. Uma percepção positiva da cultura de segurança foi evidenciada por escores >75 pontos na média apenas para Satisfação do trabalho. A maioria dos participantes (89%) concordam que os erros são tratados de forma apropriada. Concluiu-se que cinco dos seis domínios avaliados tiveram escores negativos, apontando a necessidade de planejamento e desenvolvimento de estratégias voltadas para uma cultura efetiva de segurança dos pacientes

A criação do Hospital Doutor Dório Silva e a configuração de vagas para enfermeiros

Pesquisa histórico-social com abordagem dialética cujo objeto foi a configuração de vagas para enfermeiros no Hospital Doutor Dório Silva (HDDS); traçaram-se como objetivos descrever os antecedentes históricos do movimento de criação do HDDS e analisar como se deu a configuração das vagas para enfermeiros neste hospital. As fontes primárias de pesquisa foram depoimentos de três enfermeiros e um médico e documentos dos arquivos do HDDS, da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde e da Federação da Associação de Moradores de Serra. Os achados foram discutidos à luz de conceitos de Gramsci. O grande número de vagas oferecidas nesta configuração se concretizou através do trabalho dos enfermeiros, que, ao se apoiarem na Lei do Exercício Profissional para configurar o número de vagas, valorizaram os aspectos ideológicos, históricos e políticos firmados pelas lutas da categoria, no conjunto dos trabalhadores de saúde, para inverter o hegemônico modelo de saúde

Acompanhamento de egressos como instrumento de gestão = Follow-up of alumni as a management tool

O objetivo do artigo é propor uma ferramenta para acompanhamento de egressos como instrumento de gestão. Trata-se de estudo exploratório, de abordagem quanti-qualitativa, com egressos de um Programa de Mestrado em Vitória, ES, Brasil. Para obtenção dos dados utilizou-se questionário eletrônico. Entre os participantes, houve predomínio do sexo feminino e faixa etária de 31 a 40 anos. Metade dos egressos publicou dados relativos ao mestrado e 14% cursam ou cursaram o doutorado. Ademais, 43% são membros de instituição vinculada à sociedade civil e 18% declararam identificação com algum partido político. Identificou-se, ainda, que os valores que o Mestrado agregou à vida profissional dos egressos estão em consonância com os objetivos propostos pelo Programa. Portanto, esta ferramenta configurou-se como importante instrumento para acompanhamento de egressos e ocasionou, por consequência, melhorias no processo de gestão do Program

Panorama do campo da educação superior em enfermagem no estado do Espírito Santo

Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo de cunho histórico-social que tem como objeto a configuração dos cursos superiores de Enfermagem no estado do Espírito Santo (ES). Objetivos: apresentar os cursos superiores de Enfermagem em funcionamento no estado do ES; analisar a distribuição destes cursos entre instituições públicas e privadas segundo a dependência administrativa; e discutir a influência das questões sócio-históricas na criação destes cursos. Em 1976, foi criado o primeiro curso superior de Enfermagem na Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES). A criação do segundo curso de Enfermagem neste estado ocorreu no ano 2000, 25 anos após a criação do curso da UFES. No período 2001-2006, foram criados 12 cursos superiores de Enfermagem no ES, totalizando um quantitativo de 14 cursos. No ano de 2007, o estado oferecia 1.630 vagas anuais nos cursos superiores de Enfermagem, sendo 1.520 (93,25%) da rede privada e 110 (6,75%) da rede pública