In vitro mycorrhization of micropropagated Helianthemum almeriense plantlets with Terfezia claveryi (desert truffle)

The mycorrhizal synthesis of Terfezia claveryi with micropropagated plantlets of Helianthemum almeriense was carried out in vitro on modified Modified Melin- Norkrans (MMN) agar medium with pH 8.0. The mycorrhization rate was about 80% after 12 weeks. T. claveryi formed ectendomycorrhizas without hyphal mantle. The effect of the fungus on in vitro rooting was also studied. T. claveryi did not enhance in vitro rooting of microcuttings of H. almeriense. In vitro survival of the plantlets was the limiting step and mycorrhizal inoculation appeared to improve the survival rate of rooted plantlets. The effect of the mineral composition and pH of the medium on survival are discussed

Terfezia claveryi -sienen in vitro siirrostus mikrolisättyihin Helianthemum almeriense -taimiin

The mycorrhizal synthesis of Terfezia claveryi with micropropagated plantlets of Helianthemum almeriense was carried out in vitro on modified Modified Melin- Norkrans (MMN) agar medium with pH 8.0. The mycorrhization rate was about 80% after 12 weeks. T. claveryi formed ectendomycorrhizas without hyphal mantle. The effect of the fungus on in vitro rooting was also studied. T. claveryi did not enhance in vitro rooting of microcuttings of H. almeriense. In vitro survival of the plantlets was the limiting step and mycorrhizal inoculation appeared to improve the survival rate of rooted plantlets. The effect of the mineral composition and pH of the medium on survival are discussed.Terfezia ciaveryi-sienen ja mikrolisättyjen Helianthemum almeriense-mikrotaimien välistä mykorritsasymbioosia tutkittiin in vitro- olosuhteissa muunnetulla Melin-Norkrans (MMN) agaralustalla, jonka pH oli 8,0. Kahdentoista viikon jälkeen taimien mykorritsaprosentti oli 80. T. claveryi muodosti isäntäkasvin kanssa tupettoman ektendomykorritsan. Sienen vaikutusta tutkittiin myös in vitro -juurrutuksessa. T. calveryi ei parantanut H. almeriense mikropistokkaiden in vitro juurtumista. Mikropistokkaiden eloonjääminen in vitro -olosuhteissa muodostui rajoittavaksi tekijäksi. Mykorritsasiirrostus näytti parantavan juurtuneiden mikrotaimien eloonjäämisprosenttia. Tutkimuksessa pohdittiin myös agaralustan ravinnekoostumuksen ja pH-luvun vaikutusta eloonjäämiseen

In vitro mycorrhization of micropropagated Helianthemum almeriense plantlets with Terfezia claveryi (desert truffle)

Terfezia claveryi-sienen ja mikrolisättyjen Helianthemum almeriense-mikrotaimien välistä mykorritsasymbioosia tutkittiin in vitro- olosuhteissa muunnetulla Melin-Norkrans (MMN) agaralustalla, jonka pH oli 8,0, Kahdentoista viikon jälkeen taimien mykorritsaprosentti oli 80. T claveryi muodosti isäntäkasvin kanssa tupettoman ektendomykorritsan. Sienen vaikutusta tutkittiin myös in vitro -juurrutuksessa. T calveryi ei parantanut H. almeriense mikropistokkaiden in vitro juurtumista. Mikropistokkaiden eloonjääminen in vitro -olosuhteissa muodostui rajoittavaksi tekijäksi. Mykorritsasiirrostus näytti parantavan juurtuneiden mikrotaimien eloonjäämisprosenttia. Tutkimuksessa pohdittiin myös agaralustan ravinnekoostumuksen ja ph-luvun vaikutusta eloonjäämiseen.The mycorrhizal synthesis of Terfezia claveryi with micropropagated plantlets of Helianthemum almeriense was carried out in vitro on modified Modified MelinNorkrans (MMN) agar medium with pH 8.0. The mycorrhization rate was about 80% after 12 weeks. T claveryi formed ectendomycorrhizas without hyphal mantle. The effect of the fungus on in vitro rooting was also studied. T claveryi did not enhance in vitro rooting of microcuttings of H. almeriense. In vitro survival of the plantlets was the limiting step and mycorrhizal inoculation appeared to improve the survival rate of rooted plantlets. The effect of the mineral composition and pH of the medium on survival are discussed.vokTerfezia claveryi -sienen in vitro siirrostus mikrolisättyihin Helianthemum almeriense -taimii

Fungal planet description sheets : 1042-1111

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Antarctica, Cladosporium arenosum from marine sediment sand. Argentina, Kosmimatamyces alatophylus (incl. Kosmimatamyces gen. nov.) from soil. Australia, Aspergillus banksianus, Aspergillus kumbius, Aspergillus luteorubrus, Aspergillus malvicolor and Aspergillus nanangensis from soil, Erysiphe medicaginis from leaves of Medicago polymorpha, Hymenotorrendiella communis on leaf litter of Eucalyptus bicostata, Lactifluus albopicri and Lactifluus austropiperatus on soil, Macalpinomyces collinsiae on Eriachne benthamii, Marasmius vagus on soil, Microdochium dawsoniorum from leaves of Sporobolus natalensis, Neopestalotiopsis nebuloides from leaves of Sporobolus elongatus, Pestalotiopsis etonensis from leaves of Sporobolus jacquemontii, Phytophthora personensis from soil associated with dying Grevillea mccutcheonii. Brazil, Aspergillus oxumiae from soil, Calvatia baixaverdensis on soil, Geastrum calycicoriaceum on leaf litter, Greeneria kielmeyerae on leaf spots of Kielmeyera coriacea. Chile, Phytophthora aysenensis on collar rot and stem of Aristotelia chilensis. Croatia, Mollisia gibbospora on fallen branch of Fagus sylvatica. Czech Republic, Neosetophoma hnaniceana from Buxus sempervirens. Ecuador, Exophiala frigidotolerans from soil. Estonia, Elaphomyces bucholtzii in soil. France, Venturia paralias from leaves of Euphorbia paralias. India, Cortinarius balteatoindicus and Cortinarius ulkhagarhiensis on leaf litter. Indonesia, Hymenotorrendiella indonesiana on Eucalyptus urophylla leaf litter. Italy, Penicillium taurinense from indoor chestnut mill. Malaysia, Hemileucoglossum kelabitense on soil, Satchmopsis pini on dead needles of Pinus tecunumanii. Poland, Lecanicillium praecognitum on insects’ frass. Portugal, Neodevriesia aestuarina from saline water. Republic of Korea, Gongronella namwonensis from freshwater. Russia, Candida pellucida from Exomias pellucidus, Heterocephalacria septentrionalis as endophyte from Cladonia rangiferina, Vishniacozyma phoenicis from dates fruit, Volvariella paludosa from swamp. Slovenia, Mallocybe crassivelata on soil. South Africa, Beltraniella podocarpi, Hamatocanthoscypha podocarpi, Coleophoma podocarpi and Nothoseiridium podocarpi (incl. Nothoseiridium gen. nov.) from leaves of Podocarpus latifolius, Gyrothrix encephalarti from leaves of Encephalartos sp., Paraphyton cutaneum from skin of human patient, Phacidiella alsophilae from leaves of Alsophila capensis, and Satchmopsis metrosideri on leaf litter of Metrosideros excelsa. Spain, Cladophialophora cabanerensis from soil, Cortinarius paezii on soil, Cylindrium magnoliae from leaves of Magnolia grandiflora, Trichophoma cylindrospora (incl. Trichophoma gen. nov.) from plant debris, Tuber alcaracense in calcareus soil, Tuber buendiae in calcareus soil. Thailand, Annulohypoxylon spougei on corticated wood, Poaceascoma filiforme from leaves of unknown Poaceae. UK, Dendrostoma luteum on branch lesions of Castanea sativa, Ypsilina buttingtonensis from heartwood of Quercus sp. Ukraine, Myrmecridium phragmiticola from leaves of Phragmites australis. USA, Absidia pararepens from air, Juncomyces californiensis (incl. Juncomyces gen. nov.) from leaves of Juncus effusus, Montagnula cylindrospora from a human skin sample, Muriphila oklahomaensis (incl. Muriphila gen. nov.) on outside wall of alcohol distillery, Neofabraea eucalyptorum from leaves of Eucalyptus macrandra, Diabolocovidia claustri (incl. Diabolocovidia gen. nov.) from leaves of Serenoa repens, Paecilomyces penicilliformis from air, Pseudopezicula betulae from leaves of leaf spots of Populus tremuloides. Vietnam, Diaporthe durionigena on branches of Durio zibethinus and Roridomyces pseudoirritans on rotten wood. Morphological and culture characteristics are supported by DNA barcodes

Fungal planet description sheets: 716–784

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Australia, Chaetopsina eucalypti on Eucalyptus leaf litter, Colletotrichum cobbittiense from Cordyline stricta × C. australis hybrid, Cyanodermella banksiae on Banksia ericifolia subsp. macrantha, Discosia macrozamiae on Macrozamia miquelii, Elsinoë banksiigena on Banksia marginata, Elsinoë elaeocarpi on Elaeocarpus sp., Elsinoë leucopogonis on Leucopogon sp., Helminthosporium livistonae on Livistona australis, Idriellomyces eucalypti (incl. Idriellomyces gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus obliqua, Lareunionomyces eucalypti on Eucalyptus sp., Myrotheciomyces corymbiae (incl. Myrotheciomyces gen. nov., Myrotheciomycetaceae fam. nov.), Neolauriomyces eucalypti (incl. Neolauriomyces gen. nov., Neolauriomycetaceae fam. nov.) on Eucalyptus sp., Nullicamyces eucalypti (incl. Nullicamyces gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus leaf litter, Oidiodendron eucalypti on Eucalyptus maidenii, Paracladophialophora cyperacearum (incl. Paracladophialophoraceae fam. nov.) and Periconia cyperacearum on leaves of Cyperaceae, Porodiplodia livistonae (incl. Porodiplodia gen. nov., Porodiplodiaceae fam. nov.) on Livistona australis, Sporidesmium melaleucae (incl. Sporidesmiales ord. nov.) on Melaleuca sp., Teratosphaeria sieberi on Eucalyptus sieberi, Thecaphora aus-traliensis in capsules of a variant of Oxalis exilis. Brazil, Aspergillus serratalhadensis from soil, Diaporthe pseudo-inconspicua from Poincianella pyramidalis, Fomitiporella pertenuis on dead wood, Geastrum magnosporum on soil, Marquesius aquaticus (incl. Marquesius gen. nov.) from submerged decaying twig and leaves of unidentified plant, Mastigosporella pigmentata from leaves of Qualea parviflorae, Mucor souzae from soil, Mycocalia aquaphila on decaying wood from tidal detritus, Preussia citrullina as endophyte from leaves of Citrullus lanatus, Queiroziella brasiliensis (incl. Queiroziella gen. nov.) as epiphytic yeast on leaves of Portea leptantha, Quixadomyces cearen-sis (incl. Quixadomyces gen. nov.) on decaying bark, Xylophallus clavatus on rotten wood. Canada, Didymella cari on Carum carvi and Coriandrum sativum. Chile, Araucasphaeria foliorum (incl. Araucasphaeria gen. nov.) on Araucaria araucana, Aspergillus tumidus from soil, Lomentospora valparaisensis from soil. Colombia, Corynespora pseudocassiicola on Byrsonima sp., Eucalyptostroma eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus pellita, Neometulocladosporiella eucalypti (incl. Neometulocladosporiella gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus grandis × urophylla, Tracylla eucalypti (incl. Tracyllaceae fam. nov., Tracyllalales ord. nov.) on Eucalyptus urophylla. Cyprus, Gyromitra anthracobia (incl. Gyromitra subg. Pseudoverpa) on burned soil. Czech Republic, Lecanicillium restrictum from the surface of the wooden barrel, Lecanicillium testudineum from scales of Trachemys scripta elegans. Ecuador, Entoloma yanacolor and Saproamanita quitensis on soil. France, Lentithecium carbonneanum from submerged decorticated Populus branch. Hungary, Pleuromyces hungaricus (incl. Pleuromyces gen. nov.) from a large Fagus sylvatica log. Iran, Zymoseptoria crescenta on Aegilops triuncialis. Malaysia, Ochroconis musicola on Musa sp. Mexico, Cladosporium michoacanense from soil. New Zealand, Acrodontium metrosideri on Metrosideros excelsa, Polynema podocarpi on Podocarpus totara, Pseudoarthrographis phlogis (incl. Pseudoarthrographis gen. nov.) on Phlox subulata. Nigeria, Coprinopsis afrocinerea on soil. Pakistan, Russula mansehraensis on soil under Pinus roxburghii. Russia, Baoran­ gia alexandri on soil in deciduous forests with Quercus mongolica. South Africa, Didymocyrtis brachylaenae on Brachylaena discolor. Spain, Alfaria dactylis from fruit of Phoenix dactylifera, Dothiora infuscans from a blackened wall, Exophiala nidicola from the nest of an unidentified bird, Matsushimaea monilioides from soil, Terfezia morenoi on soil. United Arab Emirates, Tirmania honrubiae on soil. USA, Arxotrichum wyomingense (incl. Arxotrichum gen. nov.) from soil, Hongkongmyces snookiorum from submerged detritus from a fresh water fen, Leratiomyces tesquorum from soil, Talaromyces tabacinus on leaves of Nicotiana tabacum. Vietnam, Afroboletus vietnamensis on soil in an evergreen tropical forest, Colletotrichum condaoense from Ipomoea pes-caprae. Morphological and culture characteristics along with DNA barcodes are provided. © 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute