CONTAMINACIÓN PARASITOLÓGICA EN ALFACES (Lactuca sativa) COMERCIALIZADA EN CAMPINA GRANDE-PB

As infecções parasitárias têm se constituído um problema de saúde pública entre os países em desenvolvimento, incluindo o Brasil, em decorrência da falta de saneamento básico e pela ingestão de água e alimentos contaminados. Diante disto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a contaminação parasitária em alfaces comercializadas na feira central e nos supermercados de Campina Grande-PB. Foram coletadas 10 amostras, sendo cinco comercializadas na feira central e cinco comercializadas em supermercados da cidade. Essas amostras foram processadas no laboratório da Uninassau – CG, onde foram realizadas duas lavagens das folhas e a água utilizada nas lavagens fora submetida a técnica de sedimentação espontânea para pesquisa dos parasitos. Após análise microscópica foi detectada contaminação em todas as amostras, porém as amostras da feira central possuíram uma variedade maior de parasitos. As formas parasitárias mais prevalentes foram Endolimax nana (100%), Balantidium coli (90%) e Strongyloides stercoralis (70%). Através destes resultados pode-se concluir que há uma elevada contaminação das hortaliças comercializadas na cidade, em decorrência do transporte, acondicionamento e manuseio destas hortaliças, oferecendo riscos para população que as consome. Demonstrando a necessidade da higienização destas hortaliças por seus consumidores, visando reduzir o número de infecções parasitárias e a melhoria na qualidade de vida.Parasitic infections have been a public health problem among developing countries, including Brazil, due to poor sanitation and ingestion of contaminated water and food. Given this, the objective of this work was to analyze the parasitic contamination in lettuce commercialized in the central fair and supermarkets of Campina Grande-PB. Ten samples were collected, five sold in the central fair and five sold in supermarkets in the city. These samples were processed in the Uninassau - CG laboratory, where two leaf washes were performed and the water used in the washes was submitted to spontaneous sedimentation technique for parasite research. After microscopic analysis, contamination was detected in all samples, but the samples from the central fair had a larger variety of parasites. The most prevalent parasitic forms were Endolimax nana (100%), Balantidium coli (90%) and Strongyloides stercoralis (70%). From these results it can be concluded that there is a high contamination of vegetables sold in the city, due to the transportation, packaging and handling of these vegetables, offering risks to the population that consumes them. Demonstrating the need for the hygiene of these vegetables by their consumers, aiming to reduce the number of parasitic infections and improve the quality of life.Las infecciones parasitarias han sido un problema de salud pública entre los países en desarrollo, incluido Brasil, debido al mal saneamiento y la ingestión de agua y alimentos contaminados. Ante esto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la contaminación parasitaria en lechugas comercializadas en la feria central y supermercados de Campina Grande-PB. Se recogieron diez muestras, cinco se vendieron en la feria central y cinco se vendieron en supermercados de la ciudad. Estas muestras se procesaron en el laboratorio de Uninassau - CG, donde se realizaron dos lavados de hojas y el agua utilizada en los lavados se sometió a una técnica de sedimentación espontánea para la investigación de parásitos. Después del análisis microscópico, se detectó contaminación en todas las muestras, pero las muestras de la feria central tenían una mayor variedad de parásitos. Las formas parasitarias más prevalentes fueron Endolimax nana (100%), Balantidium coli (90%) y Strongyloides stercoralis (70%). A partir de estos resultados, se puede concluir que existe una alta contaminación de las verduras que se venden en la ciudad, debido al transporte, empaque y manejo de estas verduras, lo que ofrece riesgos para la población que las consume. Demostrando la necesidad de la higiene de estos vegetales por parte de sus consumidores, con el objetivo de reducir el número de infecciones parasitarias y mejorar la calidad de vida

Prevalence and risk of potentially adverse drug interactions in the treatment of acute alcohol poisoning

O objetivo deste trabalho foi definir o perfil de intoxicação alcoólica aguda e estimar o risco de interações medicamentosas adversas (IMAs) potenciais em pacientes com intoxicação alcoólica atendidos na emergência hospitalar. Um estudo descritivo, serial, de corte transversal foi realizado com 4.271 indivíduos com intoxicação alcoólica, de janeiro 2009 a julho 2011. Correlações foram medidas pelo teste qui-quadrado. Os dados mostram alto consumo na população estudada, especialmente em homens de 25 a 59 anos. A principal circunstância de intoxicação foi o abuso (96,3%). Após tratamento, cura foi observada em 96,88% dos casos e morte em 0,7%. O risco de IMAs potenciais no atendimento médico incluiu 300 prontuários médicos com histórico de intoxicação alcoólica aguda. Possíveis interações medicamentosas (44,2%) e interações fármaco-álcool (55,8%) foram observadas em 60,6% dos prontuários analisados. Entre elas, 3%, 92,4% e 4,6% foram classificadas como leve, moderada e grave, respectivamente. A medição das IMAs visa a prevenir complicações clínicas no atendimento dos agravos devido ao abuso de álcool.The aim of this paper is to determine the profile of acute alcohol poisoning and to estimate the risk of potentially adverse drug interactions (ADIs) in patients intoxicated by alcohol when attended in emergency care at hospital. A descriptive serial cross-sectional study was performed with 4,271 individuals intoxicated by alcohol, from January 2009 to July 2011. Possible correlations were measured by Pearson's chi-square test. The data show high consumption in the population, especially in males between 25 and 59 years. The main circumstances for poisoning were alcohol misuse (96.3%). After treatment complete recovery from the signs or symptoms of the poisoning was observed in 96.88% cases; and death in 0.70%. The demonstration of potential risk for ADIs in medical care included 300 medical records which contained a history of acute alcohol poisoning. Possible drug-drug interactions (44.2%) and drug-alcohol interactions (55.8%) were demonstrated in 60.60% of analyzed medical records. Among these cases, 3%, 92.4% and 4.6% were classified as mild, moderate and severe, respectively. The measurement of ADIs aims to prevent clinical complications in medical care for alcohol misuse disorders

Search for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) contamination in subways of the metropolitan region of Recife-PE

A disseminação de micro-organismos multirresistentes tem se tornado um problema de saúde pública, e os meios de transporte são uma via de contaminação por estes micro-organismos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar a ocorrência de Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina (MRSA) contaminando vagões dos metrôs que circulam pela Região Metropolitana do Recife- PE. Realizou-se a coleta de 16 a 18 de abril de 2018 numa área de 24cm², com “swab”, de 45 amostras dos vagões. De cada vagão foram coletadas 5 amostras dos seguintes locais: janela, corrimão alto, assento, porta e corrimão baixo. Foram analisadas as três linhas: Jaboatão, Camaragibe, e Cajueiro seco (sul). Foi realizada a identificação dos micro-organismos através de testes bioquímicos manuais e a análise da susceptibilidade foi realizada pelo método de disco difusão comos antibióticos utilizados foram Clindamicina, Eritromicina, Cefoxitina, Sulfazotrim, Gentamicina, Clorafenicol, Tetraciclina e Ciprofloxacina. De quarenta e cinco amostras coletadas em nove metrôs, três de cada linha, vinte e nove (64,44%) foram positivas para S. aureus. Destas amostras positivas, 13 (44,82%) foram do metrô da linha Jaboatão, seguido da linha Camaragibe e linha Cajueiro Seco (Sul) com oito (27,59%) amostras cada. Todas as amostras foram sensíveis a cefoxitina. Este estudo não identificou a ocorrência de MRSA como contaminantes nos vagões do metrô que circulam pela Região Metropolitana do Recife- PE, mas identificou o crescente aumento da resistência de S. aureus a eritromicina e a clindamicina, sugerindo desta forma a necessidade de higienização dos metrôs visando a prevenção de contaminação dos usuários.The spread of multiresistant microorganisms has become a public health problem, and means of transport are a way of contamination by these microorganisms. The objective of this study was to identify the occurrence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) contaminating subway wagons that circulate in the Recife-PE Metropolitan Region. The samples were collected from April 16 to 18, 2018, in an area of ??24cm², with “swab”, of 45 samples of the wagons. From each wagon 5 samples were collected from the following locations: window, high rail, seat, door and low rail. The three lines were analyzed: Jaboatão, Camaragibe, and Cajueiro seco (south). Identification of microorganisms was performed by manual biochemical tests and susceptibility analysis was performed by the disc diffusion method with the antibiotics used were Clindamycin, Erythromycin, Cefoxitin, Sulfazotrim, Gentamycin, Chlorphenicol, Tetracycline and Ciprofloxacin. From forty-five samples collected in nine subways, three from each line, twenty-nine (64.44%) were positive for S. aureus. Of these positive samples, 13 (44.82%) were from the Jaboatão subway line, followed by the Camaragibe line and Cajueiro Seco line (South) with eight (27.59%) samples each. All samples were sensitive to cefoxitin. This study did not identify the occurrence of MRSA as contaminants in subway wagons that circulate in the Recife-PE Metropolitan Region, but identified the increasing increase of S. aureus resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin, thus suggesting the need for subway hygiene. aimed at preventing contamination of users

Interaction study between vancomycin and liposomes containing natural compounds against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates

The treatment of infections caused by resistant microorganisms is limited, and vancomycin (VAN) treatment failures for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia are not uncommon, even when MRSA clinical isolates are susceptible to VAN. Thus, this study proposed the association of VAN with usnic acid and β-lapachone encapsulated into liposomes as a novel therapeutic option for infections caused by MRSA. Liposomes containing β-lap (β-lap-lipo) or usnic acid (UA-lipo) were prepared by the thin lipid film hydration method followed by sonication. Antimicrobial activity against MRSA clinical isolates was investigated by the microdilution method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The interaction studies were carried out using the checkerboard method and epsilometer test (Etest). The interaction between VAN and β-lap or β-lap-lipo was synergistic (FICI = 0.453 and FICI = 0.358, respectively). An additive interaction between VAN and UA (FICI = 0.515) was found. UA-lipo resulted in synergism with VAN (FICI = 0.276). The Etest reproduced the results obtained by the checkerboard method for approximately 82% of the analysis. Thus, the present study demonstrated that VAN in combination with UA-lipo, β-lap or β-lap-lipo synergistically enhanced antibacterial activity against MRSA

Colonization by Staphylococcus aureus among the nursing staff of a teaching hospital in Pernambuco

Estudio realizado para identificar prevalencia de colonización por Staphylococcus aureus en profesionales de enfermería de hospital universitario de Pernambuco, así como evaluar el perfil de resistencia de la bacteria aislada. Se realizó un estudio transversal en el que se recolectaron muestras biológicas de manos y cavidad nasal. La identificación del S. aureus se realizó mediante cultivo en agar-sangre, agar-manitol salado y mediante pruebas de catalasa y coagulasa. El perfil de sensibilidad se determinó por técnica de Kirby Bauer y para la determinación de resistencia a meticilina se realizó screening en placa con oxalacina, con adición de 4% de NaCl. De 150 profesionales evaluados, 39 estaban colonizados, lo que demostró prevalencia de 25,8%. Entre las variables estudiadas, faja etaria y cantidad de EPI se presentaron asociadas con la colonización por la bacteria. De todas las cepas aisladas, apenas cinco presentaron resistencia a meticilina.This study was performed with the objective to identify the prevalence of colonization by Staphylococcus aureus in nursing professionals from a teaching hospital in Pernambuco, and evaluate the resistance profile of these isolates. To do this, we performed a cross-sectional study where biological samples were collected from the hands and nasal cavities of the subjects. S. aureus was identified using agar (blood agar and mannitol salt) via catalase and coagulase tests. The sensitivity profile was determined by Kirby Bauer technique and determination of methicillin resistance was performed with oxacillin screening with sodium chloride (NaCl) addition. Of the 151 professionals evaluated, 39 were colonized which showed a prevalence of 25.8%. Among the variables studied, age and use of PPE were associated with colonization by the organism. Of all the isolates, only five were resistant to methicillin.O presente estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de identificar a prevalência de colonização pelo Staphylococcus aureus em profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital universitário de Pernambuco, bem como avaliar o perfil de resistência deles isoladamente. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo transversal, no qual foram coletadas amostras biológicas das mãos e da cavidade nasal. A identificação do S. aureus foi realizada por meio do semeio em agar-sangue, agar manitol-salgado e através dos testes de catalase e coagulase. O perfil de sensibilidade foi determinado pela técnica de Kirby Bauer e para determinação da resistência à meticilina foi realizado o screening em placa com oxacilina com adição de 4% de NaCl. Dos 151 profissionais avaliados, 39 se encontravam colonizados, o que demonstrou uma prevalência de 25,8%. Dentre as variáveis estudadas, a faixa etária e a quantidade de EPI apresentaram-se associadas à colonização pelo microrganismo. De todas as linhagens isoladas, apenas cinco apresentaram resistência à meticilina

Factors Associated with Emotion Regulation in Men with Internet Access Living in Brazil during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Objective: to evaluate the factors associated with emotion regulation in men with internet access living in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: an epidemiological survey, conducted with 1015 men. An electronic form was applied containing sociodemographic and occu-pational characteristics, support and coping strategies, as well as emotional and behavioral aspects. Emotion regulation was assessed using the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Results: The prevalence values observed were 44.6% for Low Cognitive Reappraisal and of 47.1% for High Emotional Sup-pression. The following factors were identified as associated: (a) with Low Cognitive Reappraisal: being aged 30 years old or more, practicing physical activity, worrying about social distancing and having positive emotions and feelings; and (b) with High Emotional Suppression: being heterosexual, non-white race/skin color, having security support or public administration, not sanitizing food, worrying about lack of physical activity and not having negative emotions. Conclusion: the adoption of emotion regulation strategies was associated with individual, contextual and emotional/behavioral characteristics. Masculinity ideals seem to exert an influence on these relationships.publishersversionpublishe

The occurrence and dissemination of methicillin and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus in samples from patients and health professionals of a university hospital in Recife, State of Pernambuco, Brazil

Introduction Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains have been responsible for many nosocomial outbreaks. Within hospitals, colonized employees often act as reservoirs for the spread of this organism. This study collected clinical samples of 91 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), hemodialysis/nephrology service and surgical clinic, and biological samples from the nasal cavities of 120 professionals working in those environments, of a University Hospital in Recife, in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil. The main objective of this study was to determine the occurrence and dissemination of methicillin- and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. Methods The isolates obtained were tested for susceptibility to oxacillin and vancomycin and detection of the mecA gene. In addition, the isolates were evaluated for the presence of clones by ribotyping-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results MRSA occurrence, as detected by the presence of the mecA gene, was more prevalent among nursing technicians; 48.1% (13/27) and 40.7% (11/27) of the isolates were from health professionals of the surgical clinic. In patients, the most frequent occurrence of mecA-positive isolates was among the samples from catheter tips (33.3%; 3/9), obtained mostly from the hemodialysis/nephrology service. Eight vancomycin-resistant strains were found among the MRSA isolates through vancomycin screening. Based on the amplification patterns, 17 ribotypes were identified, with some distributed between patients and professionals. Conclusions Despite the great diversity of clones, which makes it difficult to trace the source of the infection, knowledge of the molecular and phenotypic profiles of Staphylococcus samples can contribute towards guiding therapeutic approaches in the treatment and control of nosocomial infections

Detection of bla KPC-2 in Proteus mirabilis in Brazil

INTRODUCTION : Infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing isolates pose a major worldwide public health problem today. METHODS : A carbapenem-resistant Proteus mirabilis clinical isolate was investigated for plasmid profiles and the occurrence of β-lactamase genes. RESULTS : The isolate exhibited resistance to ertapenem and imipenem and was susceptible to meropenem, polymyxin, and tigecycline. Five plasmids were identified in this isolate. DNA sequencing analysis revealed the presence of bla KPC-2 and bla TEM-1 genes. An additional PCR using plasmid DNA confirmed that bla KPC-2 was present in one of these plasmids. Conclusions: We report the detection of bla KPC-2 in P. mirabilis in Brazil for the first time. This finding highlights the continuous transfer of bla KPC between bacterial genera, which presents a serious challenge to the prevention of infection by multidrug-resistant bacteria