Vivencias de ancianos con el dolor oncológico: abordaje comprensivo existencial

OBJETIVO Compreender a vivência com a dor oncológica por idosos. MÉTODO Pesquisa qualitativa alicerçada na fenomenologia heideggeriana. Foram entrevistados 12 idosos em um município do noroeste do Paraná, no período de novembro de 2013 a fevereiro de 2014. RESULTADOS Da análise realizada por meio da compreensão vaga e mediana e compreensão interpretativa, emergiram duas temáticas ontológicas: A dor oncológica: desvelando o aprisionamento e as imposições vivenciadas pelos idosos e Desvelando a angústia de conviver com a dor oncológica, que revelaram não apenas como os idosos vivenciam a dor em seu cotidiano, mas o quão difícil é conviver com suas peculiaridades. CONCLUSÃO A dor do câncer, para os idosos, tem repercussões biopsicossociais, gerando alterações em seu existir no mundo, exigindo um cuidado holístico e autêntico.OBJECTIVE Understanding the experiences of elderly with cancer pain. METHOD Qualitative research based on Heidegger's phenomenology. 12 elderly cancer patients from a city in northwest Paraná were interviewed from November 2013 to February 2014. RESULTS Analysis performed by vague, median and interpretive understanding which resulted in two ontological themes: Cancer pain: unveiling the imprisonment and impositions experienced by the elderly, and Unveiling the anguish of living with cancer pain; it revealed not only how the elderly experience pain in their daily lives, but also how hard it is to live with its particularities. CONCLUSION Cancer pain has biopsychosocial repercussions for the elderly, generating changes in their existence in the world, requiring holistic and authentic care.OBJETIVO Comprender la vivencia con dolor oncológico por ancianos. MÉTODO Investigación cualitativa cimentada en la fenomenología heideggeriana. Fueron entrevistados 12 ancianos en un municipio del noroeste de Paraná, en el período de noviembre de 2013 a febrero de 2014. RESULTADOS Del análisis llevado a cabo por medio de la comprensión vaga y mediana y comprensión interpretativa, surgieron dos temáticas ontológicas: El dolor oncológico: desvelando el aprisionamiento y las imposiciones vividas por los ancianos y Desvelando la angustia de convivir con el dolor oncológico, que revelaron no solo cómo los añosos viven el dolor en su cuotidiano, sino cuán difícil es convivir con sus peculiaridades. CONCLUSIÓN El dolor del cáncer, para los ancianos, tiene repercusiones biopsicosociales que causan cambios en su existir en el mundo y requieren un cuidado holístico y auténtico

Organização do Cuidado ao Idoso Dependente = Organization of Care to the Dependent Elderly

Este artigo busca apresentar a organização dos cuidadores, familiares ou não, frente a alta hospitalar do idoso dependente. Os resultados apontam que os cuidadores, apesar das dificuldades, encontram estratégias para dar conta das demandas de cuidados ao idoso. Percebe-se um descompasso entre as responsabilidades atribuídas às famílias e o suporte de serviços que deveria ser ofertado pelas políticas públicas existentes. Esta temática precisa ser discutida a fim de dar maior visibilidade, pois a revalorização da família nas políticas públicas pode significar um recuo das responsabilidades do Estado no atendimento às necessidades da populaçã

Ganhando na loteria e temendo pelo prêmio: experiência de famílias rurais sobreviventes à neoplasia mamária

Objective: understanding the experience of rural families who have the surviving mother/wife of breast cancer. Method: a qualitative research based on the theoretical basis of Symbolic and methodological interactionism of grounded data theory. Forty-one members of six rural families participated. The data were produced through an open interview with circular questions and the construction of the family genogram, being analyzed by the Constant Comparative Method. Results: the Theoretical Model was defined by two central categories: recognizing itself as a victorious family and (not) believing in the cure of breast cancer, symbolizing the trajectory of the experience of rural families. Conclusion: the experience can be described as a constant, interactive and integrated movement in which the family recognizes itself as victorious, which “wins the lottery” when the mother/wife is considered cured, but “fears losing the prize” due to relapse.Objetivo: compreender a experiência de famílias rurais que têm a mãe/esposa sobrevivente de câncer de mama. Método: pesquisa qualitativa fundamentada no referencial teórico do Interacionismo Simbólico e metodológico da Teoria Fundamentada dos Dados. Participaram 41 membros de seis famílias rurais. Os dados foram produzidos mediante entrevista aberta com questões circulares e construção do genograma familiar, sendo analisados pelo Método Comparativo Constante. Resultados: o Modelo Teórico definiu-se por duas categorias centrais: reconhecendo-se como uma família vitoriosa e (não) acreditando na cura do câncer de mama, representando simbolicamente a trajetória da experiência das famílias rurais. Conclusão: a experiência pode ser descrita como um movimento constante, interativo e integrado que a família se reconhece como vitoriosa, que “ganha na loteria” ao ter a mãe/esposa considerada curada, mas “teme perder o prêmio” pela recidiva

Perspective of care for users with arterial hypertension in a family health Unit

Objective: To know the practices developed for users with arterial hypertension. Method: A descriptive-exploratory research, with qualitative approach realized in people with arterial hypertension living in the coverage area of a Family Health Unit of a city in southern Brazil. The data collection occurred during the months of February and March 2011 through semi-structured interviews. To analyze the data was used the thematic analysis. Results: From data analysis emerged the following categories: care with food; medication care, care with physical activities; care in maintaining emotional balance; popular care. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance to know the care developed for hypertensive users in order to better lead the health actions in this public, valuing their practices and paying attention to the difficulties experienced for them in the realization of such care

Pain and the dying process: nurses' perspectives using the creative and sensible method

Aim: to describe the possibilities of nursing care for the terminally ill oncology patient from the perspective of the nursing team. Method: This is a descriptive, exploratory study, using a qualitative approach. To gather the data, we used the creative and sensible method, through a group dynamic called Almanac. The data obtained was later analyzed based on French discourse analysis theory. Results: The discourses of the nursing professionals point to a preoccupation with pain management and the comfort of the terminally ill oncology patient, proposing the adoption of pharmaceutical therapy, as well as recreational activities and multidisciplinary actions to minimize the pain. Discussion: Based on the nurses’ perspectives of pain management, solidarity and sensibility are demonstrated to be motivational elements for professionals, in order to find strategies that enable some quality in the dying process. Conclusion: We are able to foresee the possibility of providing a dignified death for people diagnosed with a neoplastic illness who do not have any chance of survival, even though sometimes the nurses are faced with limitations in how to approach the ideal holistic healthcare

The experience of nurses as an accompanying family member

Objective: To describe the experience of nurses in the condition of the hospitalized patient's family companion. Methods: Qualitative study conducted with nine nurses working in a public and teaching hospital, in the South of Brazil. The data was produced by Dynamics of Creativity and Sensitivity and analyzed by the presuppositions of discourse analysis in its French chain. Results: From the analysis of the data produced the following themes emerged: the professional knowledge as intervening factor: from frustration to confrontation; being a nurse, being in the accompanying condition and decision making and; the challenges of nursing in the accompanying condition. Conclusion: The experience as an accompanying family member had repercussions on the "professional self" and the "family self", provoking considerations both in the professional life and in the nurses' personal life, which triggered reflections and modifications in their praxis

COGNIÇÃO E CAPACIDADE FUNCIONAL DE IDOSOS QUE RESIDEM SÓS E COM FAMILIARES

Objetivo: avaliar a associação entre cognição e capacidade funcional de idosos que residem sós e com familiares. Método: estudo transversal, analítico, realizado com uma amostra de 368 idosos residentes em zona urbana de um município do interior do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, entre março de 2011 a julho de 2012. Para obtenção dos dados utilizou-se instrumento de caracterização sociodemográfico específico, o Miniexame do Estado Mental e a Escala de Lawton-Brody. Resultados: dos idosos participantes, 79,4% residiam com familiar(es) e 20,6%  moravam sós. Em relação ao nível cognitivo, 43,8% dos idosos não apresentaram déficit e 55,4% possuíam déficit cognitivo. Quanto à capacidade funcional, 88,9% idosos eram independentes e 11,1% tinham dependência parcial para a realização das atividades instrumentais de vida diária. Conclusão: não houve associação significativa entre cognição e capacidade funcional nos idosos que residiam sós e com familiares.Descritores: Idoso; Cognição; Atividades cotidianas; Família

The daily life of adults and elderly after myocardial revascularization

Objective: To describe the evidences on care needs and factors those influence the daily life of patients after myocardial revascularization surgery. Method: An integrative review of literature, with data collection at the database Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online using the keywords "myocardial revascularization" and "patient discharge" or "everyday activities" or "rehabilitation" or "social adjustment" in January 2013. There were analyzed 12 articles those constituted the corpus of the study. Results: The results indicate that the day-to-day after surgery includes the need for changes in lifestyle. The negative repercussions of myocardial revascularization include anxiety, depression and medical monitoring and the positive factors the decrease of anginal symptoms. Conclusion: It was concluded that there is a lack of assistance from nursing professionals who contribute to the quality of life of revascularized patients by encouraging autonomy in the reconstruction of identity

Self-care of renal patients under conservative treatment: an integrative review

Objective: The objective of the following research was to identify scientific studies related to self-care of renal patients under conservative treatment. Method: This is an integrative literature review carried out by using literature through searched on the databases LILACS, BDENF, and MEDLINE, in May 2010, using as descriptors: chronic renal failure and self-care, and the keyword nursing. Sixteen productions have selected, comprising the study sample. Results: The results point to two main perspectives: health promotion as a factor making slow the dialysis in chronic kidney disease and health education as self-care practice in the conservative treatment. Conclusion: It has concluded that the majority of the studies address the clinical aspects and drug therapy, without giving emphasis to preventive programs, prevention of complications and slowing of renal disease