A checklist of the birds of the Botanical Gardens of Bogor, West Java

The avifauna of the Botanical Gardens at Bogor has long attracted ornithologists, both among resident scientists and among newcomers whose first encounters with Javan birds took place here. The present checklist briefly enumerates the bird species observed in the Gardens during the past twenty years. Only a brief discussion is given concerning decreases in some species, as this is discussed more fully in van Balen et al. (1986) and Diamond et al.(1987

Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Sirsak (Annona Muricata L.) terhadap Siklus Reproduksi pada Mencit Putih Dara

The effect of Annona muricata leaves extract on the estrous cycle was studied. Four treatments of this extract were caried out with 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% concentrations respectively. Vaginal smears were used to determine the estrous cycle by microscopic examination of the epithet cells. The result showed that 10% dosages of A. muricata leaf extract is the most effective in shorting the estrous cycle of mice, namely 3.75 days, whereas the other dosages showed much longer estrous cycles of more than 4 days

Metode Sensitif Untuk Identifikasi Pencemaran Babi Pada Makanan Tanpa Diolah Dengan Teknik Amplifikasi PCR

Pada era globalisasi akhir-akhir ini, tidak mungkin menghindar dari masuknya bahan makanan olahan atau tanpa diolah dari luar negeri. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menguji sensitivitas (kerentanan) teknik PCR untuk deteksi kandungan rendah kontaminan daging babi pada daging sapi mentah. Sebanyak 5 tingkat kontaminan daging babi (0,05; 0,10; 0,15; 0,20 dan 0,25%) dalam 5 gram berat total campuran daging telah diuji. Ke lima campuran daging dan 100% daging sapi serta 100% daging babi, dikoleksi DNA nya menggunakan kit DNA (QIAGEN). Satu pasang primer spesifik untuk porcine Leptin digunakan dalam amplifikasi DNA dengan kit PCR. Suhu annealing ditentukan dengan optimasi PCR terlebih dahulu. Dua siklus PCR (25 dan 35) diaplikasikan dalam amplifikasi. Produk PCR divisualisasi pada 1020% gradient PAGE untuk spesifik porcine Leptin. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ukuran potongan Leptin (152pb) telah teridentifikasi pada ke lima sampel sampuran maupun pada control positif (pork), namun tidak terindikasi pada kontrol negatif (daging sapi). PCR dengan 35 siklus menghasilkan tampilan pita lebih baik dari 25 siklus. Studi ini menyarankan bahwa PCR dengan 35 siklus dapat digunakan sebagai metode cepat untuk identifikasi pencepamaran daging babi dengan dengan tingkat sensitivitas pencemaran daging babi sampai 0,05%

Application of Microsatellite Markers in Identification and Parentage Assignment of Sheep

The accuracy of the parentage reference is the early step of information needed for genotyping study.Inaccurate data of recording sheep numbers is often occurred. Sometimes, we found sheep or lambs with uncertain original parents. This study was designed to identify the parentages of sheep and to find the putative parents of lambs. Using an advance DNA technology in molecular genetics particularly in genotyping study, those purposes can be clarified. DNA of sheep were isolated from fresh blood samples in EDTA using a high salt method. A concentration of 50ng/(il DNA was used for amplification. Several microsatellite markers were applied in the amplification. Using a DNA analyser and sequencer, PCR products were analysed to look at the figures of alleles (bands). Results showed that using microsatellite markers could inform that parents of several experimental lambs were incorrect. It was found that putative parents of some lambs were generated from incorrect parents. This study suggests that microsatellite marker can be used to clarify unknown original parents

Mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) in sheep. I. A new male framework linkage map and QTL for growth rate and body weight

A male sheep linkage map comprising 191 microsatellites was generated from a single family of 510 Awassi-Merino backcross progeny. Except for ovine chromosomes 1, 2, 10 and 17, all other chromosomes yielded a LOD score difference greater than 3.0 between the best and second-best map order. The map is on average 11% longer than the Sheep Linkage Map v4.7 male-specific map. This map was employed in quantitative trait loci (QTL) analyses on body-weight and growth-rate traits between birth and 98 weeks of age. A custom maximum likelihood program was developed to map QTL in half-sib families for non-inbred strains (QTL-MLE) and is freely available on request. The new analysis package offers the advantage of enabling QTL × fixed effect interactions to be included in the model. Fifty-four putative QTL were identified on nine chromosomes. Significant QTL with sex-specific effects (i.e. QTL × sex interaction) in the range of 0.4 to 0.7 SD were found on ovine chromosomes 1, 3, 6, 11, 21, 23, 24 and 26

Pengujian Pencemaran Daging Babi Pada Beberapa Produk Bakso Dengan Teknologi Pcr: Pencarian Sistem Pengujian Efektif [Analysis of Porcine Contamination by Using Pcr Technology in Several Meat Ball Products: to Find an Effective Assessment System]

Entering globalization market, Indonesian government could not reject any import of food products from overseas. To anticipate the possibility of porcine contaminants into processed meat products of imported food such as meat or chicken ball, sausage, tin meat etc., it is important to apply laboratory research on such particular matter in regard to ethical and certain religious concern. This study was intended to identify the possibility of porcine contaminants into either processed meat products or fresh meat.A technique of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied and PCR optimizing was conducted in advanced to obtain the right annealing temperature.Positive control of fresh pork meat was amplified to get porcine Leptin size which is 152bp fragment. Five samples of 4 meat balls and one fresh beef meat were individually collected for their DNA by either from minced or mashed after liquid nitrogen exposure then followed with a series of DNA extraction steps. PCR was assigned by using a specific primer of Leptin gene for porcine identification.Visualization of Leptin fragment was applied either on 1%, 2% of agarose gel or 10-20% gradient acrylamide gel.The result showed that all sample applied were not identified for containing porcine contaminants while positive control was on the right size of 152bp of Leptin gene. Specific primer used in this study was proved that there was not identified porcine Leptin gene on the negative control (fresh beef meat). This study suggests that a method of PCR is a simple analytical method for identification of porcine contaminants and visualization on 2% agarose gel is a cheaper and quicker method while by gradient acrylamide gel showing more clear band however this method is time consuming and expensive

Genetic polymorphism of kappa-casein gene in Friesian Holstein: a basic selection of dairy cattle superiority

Caseins are milk protein subdivided into four main groups which are αS1, αS2, β-casein and kappa-casein (CSN3). Kappa-casein gene influences the manufacturing of milk properties. The aim of this study was to identify the kappa-casein gene polymorphism in Friesian Holstein (FH) cattle. Fifty nine (59) samples consisted of 32 (Malang), 10 (Sukahati Bogor) and 17 (Research Center for Biotechnology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences’s collections)were applied in this study. DNA samples were extracted by high concentrated NaCl and quantified by spectrophotometer. The kappa-casein gene was amplified at 379 bp fragment by PCR method using a pair primer of kappa-casein at 56oC annealing for 30 cycles. PCR-RFLP technique with HindIII was used for genotyping analysis. The result showed that there were three variants of genotypes (AA, AB and BB) in two populations from Malang and RC for Biotechnology-LIPI’s collection while cattle from Sukahati had only AA and AB genotypes. The averages of genotype frequencies were 65.28%; 65.28%; and 3.00% for AA, AB and BB genotypes respectively while frequencies of 0.81 and 0.19 were for A and B alleles, respectively. FH cattle populations were in equilibrium genetics. This finding concludes that polymorphism was found in three of FH populations with A allele was more common in kappa-casein locus. B allele is known having association with milk production, milk component and cheese yield. Increasing of B allele would influence on milk performance of FH cattle. Explorations of quantitative, qualitative and molecular genetics are important to improve dairy cattle performance

PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN SIRSAK (Annona muricata L.) TERHADAP SIKLUS REPRODUKSI PADA MENCIT PUTIH DARA

The effect of Annona muricata leaves extract on the estrous cycle was studied. Four treatments of this extract were caried out with 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% concentrations respectively. Vaginal smears were used to determine the estrous cycle by microscopic examination of the epithet cells. The result showed that 10% dosages of A. muricata leaf extract is the most effective in shorting the estrous cycle of mice, namely 3.75 days, whereas the other dosages showed much longer estrous cycles of more than 4 days