Diversity and relative abundance of hornbills in selectively-logged Production Forests in Central Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo

Opportunistic observations and rapid point count survey data was used in identifying the distribution of hornbill species in three production forests in the interior parts of Sarawak, namely Kapit Forest Management Unit (FMU), Raplex Forest Management Unit (FMU) and Pasin Forest Management Unit (FMU). This assessment was conducted to understand the occurrence and distribution of hornbills in production forest, which is lacking in order to develop an action plan for the conservation of Sarawak’s hornbill population. Records of hornbill observation were noted during forest operations and point count surveys. Point count survey was only conducted for a period of two days at each site. This assessment has provided information on the distribution of six species of hornbills from different coupes with different forest activity at the production forests. The only species that was not detected during this study was the wrinkled hornbills which require additional surveys to confirm its absence in this area. Species diversity was the highest at the future production forest (H’ = 1.16) followed by recently logged forest (H’ = 0.90) and active logging area (H’ = 0.64). The peak hour for hornbill detection appears to be between 0800 hours to 1000 hours in the morning. Production forest can provide resources to hornbills if the fruiting and nesting trees are made available. The occurrence of some of the hornbill species in a production forest complex suggest that these areas can potentially provide habitat to these species if they are managed sustainably. However, the long-term persistence of these species in such forest needs need to be further investigated and carefully interpreted to avoid misleading conclusion on the ability of disturbed forest to support these species of conservation importance

Ecology of White-rumped Woodpecker Meiglyptes tristis with reference to vocalisation in Meru Betiri National Park

White-rumped woodpeckers (Meiglyptes tristis tristis) is endangered species with a lack of records and information in Java. In Meru Betiri National Park, several M. tristis records are very important to be studied in depth. This study aims to compile the M. tristis records in MBNP, vocalisation, and conduct ecological studies of vegetation preferences. There are 7 confirmed records in 2 different resort areas: six in Bandealit (west) and one in Sukamade (east). The combination of coconut plantations and semi-open land is the preference on the first record. The second record figures its presence in habitats very close to humans. Mangroves (Bruguierra sp.) are also used at third record for foraging. The fourth record at Bandealit occurred at the edge of a rubber plantation. Records 5 and 6 occur on the same spot that has a combination of a dense Albizia plantation and polyculture. Record 7 in Sukamade relates to rubber plantations and a polyculture. There are two calls with the first call consisting of 5 notes  and the second call consists of two incomplete notes. It has a duration of silent intervals between calls of 6.32 S

An Honest Review of Oktrik.com: The Best Resource for Android Tutorials, Tips, and Tricks

Oktrik is an online platform providing its users with the latest information and the best tutorials related to Android tech. It is an easy-to-navigate website specifically designed for Indonesian tech enthusiasts. This website offers a comprehensive range of information related to the latest Android devices and technology. You can find all the up-to-date details related to Android including the latest devices, software updates, tips and tricks, and more. The tutorials are comprehensive and easy to follow, allowing users to learn more about their devices and make the most out of them. The website also offers various product reviews, allowing users to make an informed decision before making their purchase. You can find reviews of different Android phones, tablets, and other accessories. The reviews are unbiased and contain information regarding the design, features, performance, and more. Oktrik also offers a "How To" section, which is full of useful tips and tricks for Android users. This section contains tutorials on how to do various tasks on your device, from setting up a new device to taking better photos to improving battery life. It also includes troubleshooting guides and advice on how to fix common problems. Overall, Oktrik is a great online resource for Android users in Indonesia. It provides users with up-to-date information, comprehensive tutorials, and unbiased reviews. It is easy to navigate, making it a great resource for tech enthusiasts to stay up to date with the latest tech news and tips

Territorial song in the Oriental Magpie-Robin Copsychus saularis in suburban areas of Kota Samarahan, Sarawak

Despite its reputation for unique and melodious vocalisations, the Oriental Magpie-Robin Copsychus saularis remains remarkably under-studied in Borneo. We undertook an examination of the territorial song of this species at the Universiti Malaysia Sarawak campus and Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, to learn more about its structure, repertoire size and physical characteristics. Throughout the breeding season, males started to sing intensely usually half an hour before sunrise until 09:00 or 10:00 hrs. Fifty minutes of song were collected from each of five colour-ringed breeding males. From the total of 2,198 phrases, 112 different phrase types were identified. Spectrograms revealed that most singing episodes consist of a repeated phrase, many of which vary by including dissimilar syllables. We confirmed that the purpose of males singing was to secure and maintain their territories, as males aggressively responded to playback near their nesting sites by increasing their singing rates. The female’s song seems to initiate male territorial singing during the entire breeding season

The status of Fairy Pitta in Indonesia with new records from Java and Riau Islands

The Fairy Pitta Pitta nympha is an uncommon migrant known to visit Borneo during the non-breeding season. However, within Indonesia there are no published records of this species outside Kalimantan (Indonesian Borneo). We encountered single immature Fairy Pittas at Anambas island (Riau islands, Sumatra) in October 2019, and in Bogor and Jakarta (Java) in November 2019, suggesting an influx of young birds migrating beyond their normal wintering grounds

First description of the eggs of the Sumatran Partridge Arborophila sumatrana

The breeding biology of forest partridges (genus Arborophila) is poorly understood, with nest and eggs described for just over half of all 20 recognised species. Herein we provide the first formal description of the eggs of the endemic Sumatran Partridge, based on a single preserved clutch in the Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Leiden. Information about clutch size, egg characteristics and breeding phenology for the Sumatran Partridge is consistent with the published data available for other members of the super-species from South-East Asia

First records of Little Stint Calidris minuta in Indonesia

Details are presented of the first two Indonesian records of the Little Stint Calidris minuta, discovered during shorebird surveys on the north coast of Aceh Province, Sumatra, between 18 October 2019 and 30 January 2020. As the species has already been recorded multiple times in most of the surrounding countries it is assumed that it had hitherto been overlooked in Indonesia. As further records from other parts of Indonesia can be expected, we summarise key features for distinguishing the species from the very similar Red-necked Stint Calidris ruficollis, with which it often associates

Mystery flycatchers in Sumatra - Rück's Blue-flycatcher or White-tailed Flycatcher?

Observations, photographs and a sound-recording taken in Jambi, Sumatra, in 2013 and 2014 refer to a pair of unidentified flycatchers with certain characters that match some features of Rück's Blue-flycatcher Cyornis ruckii. However, a review of alternative possibilities cannot exclude and indeed tends to favour White-tailed Flycatcher C. concretus, given that (i) the white breast-patch of the female and white tail-markings of the male can remain hidden, (ii) the female can be strikingly rufous in some light or some individuals, and (iii) the white belly patch seems to exclude ruckii. The sound recording has no match in sound archives and the song recorded might have involved infrequently heard phrases used in courtship. Nevertheless, new searches of the undisclosed site are planned, and new searches in any remaining tracts of primary lowland forest on Sumatra are urged

Improving the perception of Christmas Island Frigatebirds by local fishermen on Pulau Untung Jawa, Jakarta, using the Penyuluhan method

Human-wildlife conflict is a major threat to many declining wildlife species worldwide. The roosting population of the endangered Christmas Island Frigatebird at Pulau Rambut, Teluk Jakarta, is prone to entanglement in fishing lines and nets used by local fishermen for catching fish. We  conducted interviews with local fishermen during May-July 2018 in order to quantify their perception of the frigatebird. Subsequently we conducted an educational program about frigatebirds by means of penyuluhan, an Indonesian style, culturally-sensitive, informal discussion technique. There was significantly greater positive perception of Frigatebirds in the group attending a series of informative penyuluhan meetings compared to the control group. As Indonesia has a strong oral tradition, we believe that this method offers potential benefits as a tool to improve conservation outcomes for threatened species

Rück’s Blue-flycatcher Cyornis ruckii: the evidence revisited

Photographs and measurements of all four known specimens of Cyornis ruckii are provided. One of the two adult males has the underparts entirely blue, the other has the lower belly and vent greyish-white; a widely available illustration shows far too much white on the underparts. Contrary to speculation, the specimens are not aberrant Pale Blue Flycatchers C. unicolor. Review of early texts reveals that no locality was ever given for the first two specimens and that the second two, from near Medan, Sumatra, were almost certainly taken in primary forest, not exploited forest as currently stated. Searches should target primary lowland forest in northern Sumatra