Tectonique active de la zone de collision Yakutat – Nord Amérique : Apport du GPS et de la géomorphologie à l'étude de la partition de la déformation

In SW Yukon – SE Alaska, the boundary between the Pacific and North America plates is characterized by a syntaxis at the transition between the Aleutian subduction to the W and the Fairweather – Queen Charlotte strike-slip faults to the SE. The relative motion is oblique to the main fault structures, and the area is marked by the Yakutat block collision. From the Chugach – Saint Elias mountains in the plate boundary zone (up to 6 000 m high) to the intraplate strike-slip faults, markers of the present-day deformation give information on its partition in the system.During my PhD, I first measure surface deformation using a dense GPS network, deployed up to 500 km inland the North America plate. After precise processing and corrections of transient effects in the area (postseismic and glacial isostatic rebound), a new residual velocity field is produced for the syntaxis area, from which I derive strain rates. Those data allow me to quantify the fault slip rates for Fairweather and southern Denali strike-slip faults, and to characterize a bi-modal deformation pattern: Along the plate boundary, the deformation is localized on large-scale structures (accretionary prism to the W, Fairweather to the E); In the syntaxis area, strain rates are the highest and the GPS data shows a diffuse intraplate deformation, similar to an indentor pattern. The Yakutat block seems to strongly drive the North America plate deformation.This indentor pattern induces strong lateral variations on the large intraplate faults: the Denali – Totschunda – Duke River system. In a second part, I realize a regional geomorphological study to characterize the role and slip rate of those faults. From very high-resolution Digital Elevation Models (~ 1 m), a detailed cartography is done. On the basis of fieldwork observations, I measure offsets of fluvial and glacial markers, which are sampled for dating. A dextral cumulative deformation is highlighted on the northern Denali Fault, where as all southern Denali is marked by vertical deformation. This study allows me to quantify new slip rates for the system Denali – Totschunda – Duke River, and to show the leading role of the Totschunda (~ 14 mm/a) and Duke River (~ 6 mm/a) faults, contrary to the Denali Fault (~ 1 mm/a) North of the syntaxis.The new tectonic model for the Yakutat collision provides an important case study for the understanding of indentor systems. The concomitance of a rigid-block deformation (to the West) and diffuse deformation (to the East), as well as the near-zero slip rate on the lithospheric-scale southern Denali Fault highlight the major control of boundary conditions and the structural heritage on the orogen deformation.Au SO Yukon – SE Alaska, la frontière entre les plaques Pacifique et Nord-Amérique est marquée par une syntaxe à la transition entre la subduction des Aléoutiennes à l’O et le décrochement de Fairweather – Queen Charlotte au SE. Le mouvement relatif est oblique et la région est marquée par la collision du bloc Yakutat. De la chaine des Chugach – Saint Elias en frontière de plaque (jusqu’à 6 000 m d’altitude) aux grands décrochements intraplaque, les marqueurs de la déformation actuelle apportent des informations sur sa partition dans ce système.Au cours de cette thèse, je m’intéresse dans un premier temps à mesurer la déformation de surface à l’aide d’un réseau GPS dense, déployé jusqu’à 500 km à l’intérieur de la plaque Nord-Amérique. Après un travail minutieux de traitement des données et de correction des effets transitoires (rebond post-glaciaire et post-sismique), un champ de vitesses résiduelles robuste et inédit est produit au niveau de la syntaxe, dont je dérive des taux de déformation. Ces données me permettent de quantifier les vitesses de glissement les failles décrochantes de Fairweather et Denali au Sud, et également de caractériser une déformation bimodale : En frontière de plaques, la déformation est localisée sur les grandes structures (prisme d’accrétion à l’O, Fairweather à l’E) ; Au niveau de la syntaxe, les taux de déformation sont les plus importants et les données GPS mettent en évidence une déformation intraplaque diffuse, similaire à un champ attendu à l’aplomb d’un indenteur. Le bloc Yakutat semble donc contrôler fortement la déformation de la plaque Nord-Amérique.Ce champ de déformation induit des variations latérales fortes sur les grandes failles intraplaque : le système Denali-Totschunda-Duke River. Dans une seconde partie, je réalise une étude géomorphologique régionale pour caractériser le rôle et la vitesse de ces failles. À partir de Modèles Numériques de Terrain très haute résolution (~ 1 m), une cartographie de détail est réalisée. Puis une mission de terrain me permet de mesurer des décalages sur des marqueurs fluviatiles et glaciaires et collecter des échantillons pour les dater. Je mets en évidence une déformation cumulée dextre sur le segment Nord de la faille de Denali, alors que toute la partie Sud déforme verticalement la surface. Cette étude me permet de quantifier de nouvelles vitesses de failles sur le système Denali-Totschunda-Duke River, et de montrer le rôle prépondérant des failles de Totschunda (~ 14 mm/a) et Duke River (~ 6 mm/a) contrairement à la faille de Denali (~ 1 mm/a) au Nord de la syntaxe.Le nouveau modèle cinématique proposé pour la région de collision Yakutat permet d’apporter un nouvel exemple à la compréhension des systèmes d’indenteur. La concomitance d’une déformation de blocs (à l’Ouest) et diffuse (à l’Est), ainsi que l’absence de déformation sur la faille lithosphérique de Denali Sud met en évidence le contrôle majeur des conditions aux limites et de l’héritage structural dans la déformation des orogènes

Active tectonics around the Yakutat indentor: New geomorphological constraints on the eastern Denali, Totschunda and Duke River Faults

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Refinement of the four-dimensional human heart atlas during the first trimester of gestation with rare and diverse cell states

Samina Kausar1,*, Marine Herbane1,*, Elise Marechal1, Fabienne Lescroart1, Nicolas Lenfant1, Céline Chevalier1, Mathias Moreno1, Yorick Gitton2, Séverine Mazaud-Guittot3, Paolo Giacobini4, Alain Chédotal2, Anaïs Baudot1, Stéphane Zaffran1,, Heather C. Etchevers1,1 Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG, Marseille, France2 INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France3 Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, Rennes, France4 Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, UMR-S 1172, Université Lille, Lille, France* These authors contributed equally to this work and are joint first authors These authors share joint last authorship; correspondence may be addressed to both ([email protected], [email protected]).International audienceCongenital heart defects represent a significant, frequent health burden. Understanding their developmental origins promises improved diagnoses, prognoses and therapies. The French Human Developmental Cell Atlas (HuDeCA) consortium refines the cell identity atlas in human hearts from 8 to 12 post-conceptional weeks using single-nucleus/spatial transcriptomics and advanced imaging approaches. We integrate and validate both across our datasets and with existing atlases, using multiple technical approaches to establish varying levels of resolution. The gene expression networks deployed within individual cells at specific positions reveal semi-continuous identities, reflecting positional paracrine influences exerted by/on the many lineages of the first and longest-lived vital organ

Refinement of the four-dimensional human heart atlas during the first trimester of gestation with rare and diverse cell states

International audienceCongenital heart defects are frequent and collectively represent a significant burden for human health. Understanding the developmental origins of such anomalies is key to improving diagnoses, prognoses and therapies. The Human Developmental Cell Atlas (HuDeCA) consortium in France gathers as much data and metadata as possible about normal human embryonic and early fetal tissues donated to research, complete with strict quality control procedures and use of standardized annotations, as a complement to the international Human Cell Atlas and a baseline for the scientific community worldwide. Here, we contribute new data about the identities and trajectories of cells in human male and female hearts from 8 to 12 post-conceptional weeks through judicious comparisons of individual hearts assessed through single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomics and advanced imaging approaches. We integrate and validate this information both across our datasets and with existing atlases, using multiple technical platforms to provide four-dimensional analyses at varying levels of resolution. Delineating the gene expression networks deployed within individual cells at specific positions has revealed an unsuspected diversity of cellular states. This data enables new hypotheses about the paracrine influences exerted by and on the many lineages necessary for the complex functions of the first and longest-lived vital organ

Refinement of the four-dimensional human heart atlas during the first trimester of gestation with rare and diverse cell states

International audienceCongenital heart defects are frequent and collectively represent a significant burden for human health. Understanding the developmental origins of such anomalies is key to improving diagnoses, prognoses and therapies. The Human Developmental Cell Atlas (HuDeCA) consortium in France gathers as much data and metadata as possible about normal human embryonic and early fetal tissues donated to research, complete with strict quality control procedures and use of standardized annotations, as a complement to the international Human Cell Atlas and a baseline for the scientific community worldwide. Here, we contribute new data about the identities and trajectories of cells in human male and female hearts from 8 to 12 post-conceptional weeks through judicious comparisons of individual hearts assessed through single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomics and advanced imaging approaches. We integrate and validate this information both across our datasets and with existing atlases, using multiple technical platforms to provide four-dimensional analyses at varying levels of resolution. Delineating the gene expression networks deployed within individual cells at specific positions has revealed an unsuspected diversity of cellular states. This data enables new hypotheses about the paracrine influences exerted by and on the many lineages necessary for the complex functions of the first and longest-lived vital organ

Refinement of the four-dimensional human heart atlas during the first trimester of gestation with rare and diverse cell states

Samina Kausar1,*, Marine Herbane1,*, Elise Marechal1, Fabienne Lescroart1, Nicolas Lenfant1, Céline Chevalier1, Mathias Moreno1, Yorick Gitton2, Séverine Mazaud-Guittot3, Paolo Giacobini4, Alain Chédotal2, Anaïs Baudot1, Stéphane Zaffran1,, Heather C. Etchevers1,1 Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG, Marseille, France2 INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France3 Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, Rennes, France4 Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, UMR-S 1172, Université Lille, Lille, France* These authors contributed equally to this work and are joint first authors These authors share joint last authorship; correspondence may be addressed to both ([email protected], [email protected]).International audienceCongenital heart defects represent a significant, frequent health burden. Understanding their developmental origins promises improved diagnoses, prognoses and therapies. The French Human Developmental Cell Atlas (HuDeCA) consortium refines the cell identity atlas in human hearts from 8 to 12 post-conceptional weeks using single-nucleus/spatial transcriptomics and advanced imaging approaches. We integrate and validate both across our datasets and with existing atlases, using multiple technical approaches to establish varying levels of resolution. The gene expression networks deployed within individual cells at specific positions reveal semi-continuous identities, reflecting positional paracrine influences exerted by/on the many lineages of the first and longest-lived vital organ

Antibody response in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome related to COVID-19 (MIS-C) compared to children with uncomplicated COVID-19.

To comprehensively analyze the quality of the antibody response between children with Multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) and age-matched controls at one month after SARS-CoV-2 exposure, and infected in the same time-period.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

BIN1 recovers tauopathy-induced long-term memory deficits in mice and interacts with Tau through Thr348 phosphorylation

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