Acrylic Sebagai Compatibilizer Agent Pada Plastik Pati Tapioka/lateks Karet Alam

ACRYLIC SEBAGAI COMPATIBILIZER AGENT PADA PLASTIK PATI TAPIOKA/LATEKS KARET ALAM. Pati tapioka dan lateks Karet Alam(KA) merupakan dua polimer hayati yang banyak dihasilkan oleh alam Indonesia. Pati tapioka merupakan polimer hayati yang banyak dikembangkan sebagai bioplastik karenamemiliki kekuatan tarik yang tinggi namun memiliki kelemahan dalam ketahanan air. Sementara, lateks KAmerupakan polimer alam yangmemiliki elongasi dan ketahanan air yang tinggi. Dengan mencampurkan pati tapioka dengan lateks KA, diharapkan diperoleh sifat unggul dari kedua polimer tersebut. Namun, pencampuran pati dan lateks KA menghasilkan tingkat homogenitas yang rendah. Oleh karena itu, dalam penelitian ini acrylic ditambahkan ke dalam campuran pati dan lateks KA untuk meningkatkan homogenitasnya. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan pembuatan plastik campuran pati tapioka/lateks KA dengan menggunakan metode solution casting. Campuran pati tapioka/lateks KA ditambahkan acrylic sebagai compatibilizer agent dengan berbagai komposisi, sebesar 10%berat, 15%berat, 20%berat dan 25%berat. Untuk mengetahui kehomogenan campuran dilakukan karakterisasi dengan mengunakan Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Kekuatan mekanik plastik diuji dengan pengujian tarik.Ketahanan air plastik diuji dengan pengujian celup. Semakin banyak jumlah acrylic yang ditambahkan kedalam campuran pati tapioka/lateks KA, maka kekuatan tarik,modulus elastisitas, elongasi serta ketahanan air plastik semakin meningkat. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh homogenitas yang baik dari campuran yang ditunjukkan oleh hasil kareakterisasi dengan menggunakan DSC

Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Hidrolisis Asam Sulfat terhadap Sifat Me-kanik Plastik Selulosa Teregenerasi dari Kapas Limbah Tekstil dengan Pelarut NaOH/Urea

Selulosa merupakan polimer alami dengan ketersediaan yang paling melimpah yang berpotensi untuk direkayasa menjadi suatu plastik biodegradable. Selulosa teregenerasi merupakan suatu material yang dibentuk dengan cara melarutkan selulosa dalam suatu palarut tertentu dan dicetak. Dalam penelitian ini, kapas limbah dari industri tekstil digunakan sebagai sumber selulosa. Kapas pada dasarnya memiliki kandungan selulosa yang sangat tinggi, yakni sekitar 86-98%. Selulosa diekstrak dari kapas limbah dengan hidrolisis asam sulfat dengan konsentrasi divariasikan pada 0,5; 1; 1,5; dan 0,5 M dengan temperatur 100°C selama 2 jam. Selulosa teregenerasi dibuat dengan melarutkan selulosa pada larutan NaOH 7%/Urea 12% dan dibentuk dengan metode solution casting. Berat molekul selulosa diukur dengan metode berat molekul rerata viskositas dengan viskometer Ubbelohde. Karakterisasi yang dilakukan menunjukkan peningkatan konsentrasi asam sulfat yang digunakan menyebabkan penurunan berat molekul selulosa yang terekstraksi. Berat molekul selulosa yang digunakan akan turut berpengaruh terhadap sifat mekanik dari plastik yang dihasilkan. Sifat optimum selulosa teregenerasi yang dihasilkan diperoleh dari selulosa dengan berat molekul 2.73 x 104 g/mol dari hasil hidrolisis 0,5 M, yang dimana memiliki kekuatan tarik, persen elongasi dan modulus masing-masing sebesar 49,24 MPa; 0.92 %; dan 11.39 GPa dengan densitas sebesar 1.53 g/cm3

Serat Kapuk sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Mikrokristalin Selulosa

KAPOK FIBERAS RAWMATERIALFORMAKINGMICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE. Indonesia is one of largest producer of kapok (Ceiba Pentandra) fibre in the world. In 2008, Indonesia has 157.283 hectares of kapok plantation that produced 61.273 kg of kapok fibre annually. However, currently kapok fibre in Indonesia is largely has very limited use for fillers in pillows, bolster, or beds. Kapok fibre basically had relatively high content of cellulose, which is around 64%. High cellulosic content of kapok fibre indicated its potential as source for microcrystalline cellulose, which is micro sized crystalline part extracted from cellulose. Microcrystalline cellulose extracted with 2 stages, which is alkalization and hydrolysis. Alkalization process applied by immersing kapok fibre in solution of 17.5% NaOH for 8 hour at 100 °C to extract alpha cellulose of the kapok fiber. Hydrolysis was applied by immersing the alkali treated-kapok fibre in sulfuric acid solution with concentration varied in 0,1 M; 0,3 M; and 0,5 M and hydrolysis time by 4, 6, and 8 hours at 100 °C. Microcrystalline cellulose obtained was characterized with X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR). In this research MCC was successfully extracted from kapok fibre. Characterization result shown that the crystallinity of microcrystalline cellulose obtained is increased with the increase of acid hydrolysis time but will higher in the lower acid hydrolysis concentration. The highest crystallinity of microcrystalline cellulose was obtained from extraction with 0,1 M of sulfuric acid for 8 hour

Knowledge, Attitude And Compliance Of Health Workers In Handwashing During The COVID-19 Pandemic

Background: This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes, as well as the level of compliance in washing hands at five moments for health workers.  Methods: This research uses quantitative research methods with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used cluster sampling with a total sample of 106 health workers. The instruments used in this study were a knowledge questionnaire, an attitude questionnaire, and a hand hygiene audit observation sheet containing a checklist table of five moments of hand washing adopted by the World Health Organization (WHO). The Chi-square test was used to analyze the relationship between variables.  Results: The results of the knowledge of health workers are good for as many as 32 people (29.1%), enough for as many as 50 people (45.5%), and less than as many as 28 people (25.5%), while the attitude shown supports (100%) all efforts to reduce health problems. There is a relationship between knowledge and the attitude of health workers in washing hands at 5 moments and 6 steps by getting a value of p = 0.000 (p <0.05).  Conclusion: Most health workers have the knowledge, attitude, and compliance to do good hand washing during the COVID-19 pandemic, and these factors are interrelated

Thyroid Dysfunction, Total Cholesterol Levels and Anthropometric Status in Women of Reproductive Age in Iodine Deficient Area of Prambanan Sub-District, Sleman Regency, Indonesia

This study aimed to determine the relationship between thyroid dysfunction with Total Cholesterol levels (TC), Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC) and Waist to hip Circumference Ratio (WHR). The cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the endemic iodine deficiency areas in Prambanan Sub-district, Sleman Regency. A total subject of 134 women of reproductive age were selected randomly from the source population of 592. Thyroid dysfunction determined by Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and Free Thyroxine (FT4) level were measured by ELISA method. Total cholesterol level was measured by colorimetric method using a spectrophotometer. We also measured the weight and height for BMI calculation as well as the WC and Hip Circumference (HC). Chi-Square test was applied to analyze association between thyroid dysfunction with TC levels, BMI, WC and WHR. Results found the percentage of thyroid dysfunction in subjects was 39.6% (hypothyroidism 4.5% and hyperthyroidism 35.1%). The percentage of subjects with hypercholesterolemia was 34.3%. The BMI calculation found that the underweight, overweight and obesity proportions were 6.7%; 16.4% and 27.6% respectively; WC >80 cm was 29.9% and WHR >0.85 was 38.8%. There was no association between thyroid dysfunction and TC levels, BMI and WC (p>0.05) respectively. Meanwhile thyroid dysfunction was significantly associated with WHR (p<0.05). Therefore, women in reproductive age with thyroid dysfunction should be aware of their increasing abdominal adiposity

Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu Mengenai Pemberian Asi Terhadap Status Gizi Bayi Usia 6-24 Bulan Di Kelurahan Semanggi, Kecamatan Pasar Kliwon, Kota Surakarta

Introduction. Given malnutrition is highest in clover village that is equal to 3.6% and the knowledge of mothers on breastfeeding were also lacking with a high prevalence of 45%, it encourages researchers to analyze the relationship between maternal knowledge about breastfeeding on the nutritional status of infants aged 6-24 months in Semanggi Village, Pasar Kliwon, Surakarta city. Objective. To determine whether there is relationship between maternal knowledge about breastfeeding on the nutritional status of infants aged 6-24 months in,Semanggi Village, Pasar Kliwon, Surakarta city. Research methods. This type of research using cross sectional method which researchers took the data of independent variables and the dependent variable in the same time period. This research was descriptive and analytical observational. This study measured the level of knowledge of mothers on breastfeeding and measurement of nutritional status in children aged,6-24,months,in,Semanggi Village,Pasar.Kliwon,Surakarta. The sampling technique using random sampling method. by way of direct interviews with the help of the data registers nutritional status of infants and toddlers. Analysis relationships using Spearman Rank Correlation Test. Results. Good knowledge about breastfeeding at 18 respondents with a percentage of 25%, and mothers who have the knowledge is still lacking by 54 respondents with a percentage of 75%. Of the 72 children under five respondents, 9 underweight children is the percentage of 12.50%, 56 stunting normal with a percentage of 77.77%, 3 stunting with a percentage of 4.18%, 4 children malnutrition by 5 percentage , 55%. Results of testing the hypothesis with Spearman Rank correlation values obtained significant p value 0.206 (0.206> 0.05). Conclusion. There was no association between maternal knowledge about breastfeeding on the.nutritional,status.in.Clover,Village,,Pasar.Kliwon,.Surakarta. Suggestion. Can provide educational information about nutrition and provide nutrition program to address nutritional problems occur. Keywords : Knowledge mother, breastfeeding, nutritional status, Infants aged 6-24 months, Village Semangg

INVENTARISASI JENIS TUMBUHAN MANGROVE DI AREA TAMAN WISATA BHADRIKA PROVINSI BENGKULU

This study aims to determine the types of mangrove plants in the Bhadrika tourist park, Bengkulu Province. This study uses the method of observation. The data obtained are then immediately taken to the laboratory for identification. The identification process by observing the roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruit.  The mangroves found were, Avicennia alba, Lumnitzera racemosa, Excoecaria agallocha, Aegiceras corniculatum, Bruguiera cylindrical. There were 5 types of mangroves in the Bhadrika Tourism Park which belonged to 5 families

Hubungan Screen Time dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Overweight in Indonesia is still a problem that must be resolved by the Indonesian government. In the RISKESDAS 2013, it was found that the percentage of overweight in age group of above 18 was 13.5% and the obesity was 15.4%. This number significantly increased compared to the previous research. Screen time is one of the indirect factors that affect nutritional status. This study aims to determine the screen time relation to body mass index in the students of the Economics and Business Faculty, UMS. This research type is observational with a cross sectional approach. The data are collected within 7 days in a row on 98 respondents. The respondents collection method is the Stratified Random Sampling. The data are collected using screen time questionnaires while the anthropometric measurement is conducted using the digital scales and microtoise. The data are analysed using Pearson Product Moment correlation test. There are 51 respondents whose high screen time, averagely 9.07 hours / day. The correlation test between screen time and IMT results in p = 0.041 (<0.05). Thus, there is a relationship between screen time and IMT for students of the Economics and Business Faculty, UMS

Edukasi Pencegahan Gangguan Akibat Kekurangan Yodium (GAKY) Berbasis Media Pembelajaran Flipchart

Kekurangan yodium masih menjadi permasalahan gizi dan kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia, karena angka total goiter rate (TGR) lebih dari batas maksimal yang ditetapkan WHO sebesar 5%. Selain menggencarkan program Universal Salt Iodized (USI), pencegahan kekurangan yodium harus didukung oleh program edukasi yang bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dilakukan di Dusun Belik, Desa Dibal, Kecamatan Ngemplak Boyolali ini bertujuan memberikan edukasi dan memberikan media flipchart mengenai Gangguan Akibat Kekurangan Yodium (GAKY), dengan sasaran kader posyandu dan wanita usia subur (WUS). Selain lebih efektif dan informatif, flipchart mempunyai keunggulan dapat digunakan untuk penyuluhan massal dan lebih mengintensifkan interaksi edukator dengan sasaran karena terdapat penjelasan di setiap lembar materinya. Flipchart yang digunakan pada kegiatan ini teridiri dari 10 halaman bolak balik (halaman depan berisi materi/gambar dan halaman sebaliknya berisi keterangan penjelasan). Ukuran flipchart ada 2 yakni 50 cm x 70 cm, untuk edukasi pada kader posyandu dan 30 x 48 cm untuk konseling home visite pada WUS. Flipchart dilengkapi dengan papan sandar dan segitiga penyangga (tripod) yang memudahkan penempatan media. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan rata-rata pengetahuan mengenai GAKY sebelum diberikan edukasi (50,96) dan setelah diberikan edukasi (77,25). Edukasi mengenai GAKY perlu terus diupayakan secara berkesinambungan dalam rangka mewujudkan perbaikan status gizi dan peningkatan derajat kesehatan