Strong-disorder renormalization-group study of the one-dimensional tight-binding model

We formulate a strong-disorder renormalization-group (SDRG) approach to study the beta function of the tight-binding model in one dimension with both diagonal and off-diagonal disorder for states at the band center. We show that the SDRG method, when used to compute transport properties, yields exact results since it is identical to the transfer matrix method. The beta function is shown to be universal when only off-diagonal disorder is present even though single-parameter scaling is known to be violated. A different single-parameter scaling theory is formulated for this particular (particle-hole symmetric) case. Upon breaking particle-hole symmetry (by adding diagonal disorder), the beta function is shown to crossover from the universal behavior of the particle-hole symmetric case to the conventional non-universal one in agreement with the two-parameter scaling theory. We finally draw an analogy with the random transverse-field Ising chain in the paramagnetic phase. The particle-hole symmetric case corresponds to the critical point of the quantum Ising model while the generic case corresponds to the Griffiths paramagnetic phase.Comment: includes 12 pages, 4 figure

Os documentos do n?cleo de documenta??o e pesquisa da educa??o profissional: fontes para o ensino de temas transversais no etim do ifpb

A pesquisa objetiva identificar os documentos do N?cleo de Documenta??o e Pesquisa da Educa??o Profissional que possam subsidiar debates sobre temas transversais para serem desenvolvidos no contexto das disciplinas de Ci?ncias Humanas, junto aos discentes do ensino t?cnico integrado ao ensino m?dio. Para tanto foi necess?rio qualificar a opini?o de professores do Campus Jo?o Pessoa para inserir o assunto educa??o profissional como apoio aos temas transversais; descrever os documentos do acervo hist?rico do NDPEP; retratar os saberes existentes da educa??o profissional presentes nos documentos; e desenvolver um produto educacional no formato de um guia did?tico, apresentando os documentos do NDPEP para subsidiar as atividades do ensino de temas transversais. O produto educacional desenvolvido foi o ?Guia Did?tico da Educa??o Profissional da Para?ba: os documentos do NDPEP?, que demanda ser fonte de informa??o e instrumento did?tico pedag?gico de temas transversais da Educa??o Profissional e Tecnol?gica nas Ci?ncias Humanas. Trata-se de pesquisa de campo com abordagem quantiqualitativa e pesquisas bibliogr?fica-documental, descritiva e explorat?ria com m?todo de observa??o sistem?tica e uso de entrevista semiestruturada e question?rio de avalia??o do produto educacional com cinco n?veis de escalas com perguntas afirmativas entre os aspectos conceitual, pedag?gico e comunicacional. Os resultados das entrevistas mostram, dentre outros dados, que 90% dos entrevistados concordam que veem potencial nos documentos do NDPEP para subsidiar debates sobre temas transversais relacionados ? Educa??o Profissional da Para?ba no ensino t?cnico integrado ao ensino m?dio. Ficou demonstrado que os aspectos conceitual, pedag?gico e comunicacional ficaram evidenciados no Guia Did?tico, onde o professor e os discentes s?o convidados ao debate sobre os temas transversais e ampliar o aprendizado cr?tico sobre a EPT e suas rela??es com o ensino e mundo do trabalho

Valuing intellectual property and calculating infringement damages : a nonauthoritative guide; Consulting services practice aid, 99-2

https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aicpa_news/1150/thumbnail.jp

Transitions in Arctic ecosystems: ecological implications of a changing hydrological regime

Numerous international scientific assessments and related articles have, during the last decade, described the observed and potential impacts of climate change as well as other related environmental stressors on Arctic ecosystems. There is increasing recognition that observed and projected changes in freshwater sources, fluxes, and storage will have profound implications for the physical, biogeochemical, biological and ecological processes and properties of Arctic terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems. However, a significant level of uncertainty remains in relation to forecasting the impacts of an intensified hydrological regime and related cryospheric change on ecosystem structure and function. As the terrestrial and freshwater ecology component of the Arctic Freshwater Synthesis we review these uncertainties and recommend enhanced coordinated circumpolar research and monitoring efforts to improve quantification and prediction of how an altered hydrological regime influences local, regional and circumpolar-level responses in terrestrial and freshwater systems. Specifically, we evaluate i) changes in ecosystem productivity; ii) alterations in ecosystem-level biogeochemical cycling and chemical transport; iii) altered landscapes, successional trajectories and creation of new habitats; iv) altered seasonality and phenological mismatches; and, v) gains or losses of species and associated trophic interactions. We emphasize the need for developing a process-based understanding of inter-ecosystem interactions, along with improved predictive models. We recommend enhanced use of the catchment-scale as an integrated unit of study, thereby more explicitly considering the physical, chemical and ecological processes and fluxes across a full freshwater continuum in a geographic region and spatial range of hydro-ecological units (e.g., stream-pond-lake-river-near shore marine environments)

Adaptation to flood risk: Results of international paired flood event studies

As flood impacts are increasing in large parts of the world, understanding the primary drivers of changes in risk is essential for effective adaptation. To gain more knowledge on the basis of empirical case studies, we analyze eight paired floods, that is, consecutive flood events that occurred in the same region, with the second flood causing significantly lower damage. These success stories of risk reduction were selected across different socioeconomic and hydro-climatic contexts. The potential of societies to adapt is uncovered by describing triggered societal changes, as well as formal measures and spontaneous processes that reduced flood risk. This novel approach has the potential to build the basis for an international data collection and analysis effort to better understand and attribute changes in risk due to hydrological extremes in the framework of the IAHSs Panta Rhei initiative. Across all case studies, we find that lower damage caused by the second event was mainly due to significant reductions in vulnerability, for example, via raised risk awareness, preparedness, and improvements of organizational emergency management. Thus, vulnerability reduction plays an essential role for successful adaptation. Our work shows that there is a high potential to adapt, but there remains the challenge to stimulate measures that reduce vulnerability and risk in periods in which extreme events do not occur

Panta Rhei benchmark dataset: socio-hydrological data of paired events of floods and droughts

As the adverse impacts of hydrological extremes increase in many regions of the world, a better understanding of the drivers of changes in risk and impacts is essential for effective flood and drought risk management and climate adaptation. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive, empirical data about the processes, interactions, and feedbacks in complex human–water systems leading to flood and drought impacts. Here we present a benchmark dataset containing socio-hydrological data of paired events, i.e. two floods or two droughts that occurred in the same area. The 45 paired events occurred in 42 different study areas and cover a wide range of socio-economic and hydro-climatic conditions. The dataset is unique in covering both floods and droughts, in the number of cases assessed and in the quantity of socio-hydrological data. The benchmark dataset comprises (1) detailed review-style reports about the events and key processes between the two events of a pair; (2) the key data table containing variables that assess the indicators which characterize management shortcomings, hazard, exposure, vulnerability, and impacts of all events; and (3) a table of the indicators of change that indicate the differences between the first and second event of a pair. The advantages of the dataset are that it enables comparative analyses across all the paired events based on the indicators of change and allows for detailed context- and location-specific assessments based on the extensive data and reports of the individual study areas. The dataset can be used by the scientific community for exploratory data analyses, e.g. focused on causal links between risk management; changes in hazard, exposure and vulnerability; and flood or drought impacts. The data can also be used for the development, calibration, and validation of sociohydrological models. The dataset is available to the public through the GFZ Data Services (Kreibich et al., 2023, https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.4.4.2023.001)

The challenge of unprecedented floods and droughts in risk management

Risk management has reduced vulnerability to floods and droughts globally1,2, yet their impacts are still increasing3. An improved understanding of the causes of changing impacts is therefore needed, but has been hampered by a lack of empirical data4,5. On the basis of a global dataset of 45 pairs of events that occurred within the same area, we show that risk management generally reduces the impacts of floods and droughts but faces difficulties in reducing the impacts of unprecedented events of a magnitude not previously experienced. If the second event was much more hazardous than the first, its impact was almost always higher. This is because management was not designed to deal with such extreme events: for example, they exceeded the design levels of levees and reservoirs. In two success stories, the impact of the second, more hazardous, event was lower, as a result of improved risk management governance and high investment in integrated management. The observed difficulty of managing unprecedented events is alarming, given that more extreme hydrological events are projected owing to climate change3

Valuation for financial reporting : fair value, business combinations, intangible assets, goodwill, and impairment analysis

xvii, 280 hlm.; ilus ; 24 cm