Recent progress in ab-initio studies of nuclear reactions of astrophysical interest with A ≤ 3

We review the most recent theoretical studies of nuclear reactions of astrophysical interest involving few-nucleon systems. In particular, we focus on the consequences for the solar neutrino fluxes of the recent determination for the astrophysical S-factor of the proton weak capture by proton, and on the radiative capture of protons by deuterons in the energy range of interest for Big Bang Nucleosynthesis

Electroweak structure of light nuclei

We review the most recent studies performed within the chiral effective field theory framework of electroweak processes, among which, in particular, the electromagnetic structure of light nuclei, the weak muon capture on deuteron and 3He, and the weak proton-proton capture reaction at energies of astrophysical interest. The presented results will be compared with the available experimental data and with those obtained within the conventional phenomenological approach

Non-symmetrized Hyperspherical Harmonics Method for Non-equal Mass Three-Body Systems

The non-symmetrized hyperspherical harmonics method for a three-body system, composed by two particles having equal masses, but different from the mass of the third particle, is reviewed and applied to the H-3, He-3 nuclei, and H-3(Lambda) hyper-nucleus, seen respectively as nnp, ppn, and NN Lambda three-body systems. The convergence of the method is first tested in order to estimate its accuracy. Then, the difference of binding energy between H-3 and He-3 due to the difference of the proton and the neutron masses is studied using several central spin-independent and spin-dependent potentials. Finally, the H-3(Lambda) hypernucleus binding energy is calculated using different NN and Lambda N potential models. The results have been compared with those present in the literature, finding a very nice agreement

Non-symmetrized Hyperspherical Harmonics Method for Non-equal Mass Three-Body Systems

The non-symmetrized hyperspherical harmonics method for a three-body system, composed by two particles having equal masses, but different from the mass of the third particle, is reviewed and applied to the 3H, 3He nuclei, and HΛ3 hyper-nucleus, seen respectively as nnp, ppn, and NNΛ three-body systems. The convergence of the method is first tested in order to estimate its accuracy. Then, the difference of binding energy between 3H and 3He due to the difference of the proton and the neutron masses is studied using several central spin-independent and spin-dependent potentials. Finally, the HΛ3 hypernucleus binding energy is calculated using different NN and ΛN potential models. The results have been compared with those present in the literature, finding a very nice agreement

3D #DigitalInvasions: a crowdsourcing project for mobile user generated content

This paper introduces the #InvasioniDigitali project which is an online crowdsourcing initiative started in Italy in 2013 with the aim to promote the value of and engagement with local heritage. The paper focuses on two case studies of pilot ‘invasions’ using 3D data capture by students at museums and heritage sites in Sicily

Local chiral potentials and the structure of light nuclei

We present fully local versions of the minimally non-local nucleon-nucleon potentials constructed in a previous paper [M.\ Piarulli {\it et al.}, Phys.\ Rev.\ C {\bf 91}, 024003 (2015)], and use them in hypersperical-harmonics and quantum Monte Carlo calculations of ground and excited states of $^3$H, $^3$He, $^4$He, $^6$He, and $^6$Li nuclei. The long-range part of these local potentials includes one- and two-pion exchange contributions without and with $\Delta$-isobars in the intermediate states up to order $Q^3$ ($Q$ denotes generically the low momentum scale) in the chiral expansion, while the short-range part consists of contact interactions up to order $Q^4$. The low-energy constants multiplying these contact interactions are fitted to the 2013 Granada database in two different ranges of laboratory energies, either 0--125 MeV or 0--200 MeV, and to the deuteron binding energy and $nn$ singlet scattering length. Fits to these data are performed for three models characterized by long- and short-range cutoffs, $R_{\rm L}$ and $R_{\rm S}$ respectively, ranging from $(R_{\rm L},R_{\rm S})=(1.2,0.8)$ fm down to $(0.8,0.6)$ fm. The long-range (short-range) cutoff regularizes the one- and two-pion exchange (contact) part of the potential.Comment: 29 pages, 3 figure

Muon capture on 3^3H

The muon capture on 3H leading to muonic neutrino and three neutrons in the final state is studied under full inclusion of final state interactions. Predictions for the three-body break-up of 3H are calculated with the AV18 potential, augmented by the Urbana IX three-nucleon force. Our results are based on the single nucleon weak current operator comprising the dominant relativistic corrections. This work is a natural extension of our investigations of the muon capture on 3He leading to 3H or n+d or n+n+p and muonic neutrino in the final state, presented in Phys. Rev. C90, 024001 (2014)

Break-up channels in muon capture on 3He

The μ- +3 He → νμ + n + d and μ- +3 He → νμ + n + n + p capture reactions are studied under full inclusion of final state interactions with the AV18 nucleon-nucleon potential, augmented by the Urbana IX three-nucleon force, and employing the single nucleon weak current operator. We give first realistic estimates of the total capture rates: 544 s-1 and 154 s-1 for the n + d and n + n + p channels, respectively. Our results are compared with the most recent experimental data, finding a rough agreement for the total capture rates, but failing to reproduce the differential capture rates

Low in‑hospital mortality rate in patients with COVID‑19 receiving thromboprophylaxis: data from the multicentre observational START‑COVID Register

Abstract COVID-19 infection causes respiratory pathology with severe interstitial pneumonia and extra-pulmonary complications; in particular, it may predispose to thromboembolic disease. The current guidelines recommend the use of thromboprophylaxis in patients with COVID-19, however, the optimal heparin dosage treatment is not well-established. We conducted a multicentre, Italian, retrospective, observational study on COVID-19 patients admitted to ordinary wards, to describe clinical characteristic of patients at admission, bleeding and thrombotic events occurring during hospital stay. The strategies used for thromboprophylaxis and its role on patient outcome were, also, described. 1091 patients hospitalized were included in the START-COVID-19 Register. During hospital stay, 769 (70.7%) patients were treated with antithrombotic drugs: low molecular weight heparin (the great majority enoxaparin), fondaparinux, or unfractioned heparin. These patients were more frequently affected by comorbidities, such as hypertension, atrial fibrillation, previous thromboembolism, neurological disease,and cancer with respect to patients who did not receive thromboprophylaxis. During hospital stay, 1.2% patients had a major bleeding event. All patients were treated with antithrombotic drugs; 5.4%, had venous thromboembolism [30.5% deep vein thrombosis (DVT), 66.1% pulmonary embolism (PE), and 3.4% patients had DVT + PE]. In our cohort the mortality rate was 18.3%. Heparin use was independently associated with survival in patients aged ≥ 59 years at multivariable analysis. We confirmed the high mortality rate of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients in ordinary wards. Treatment with antithrombotic drugs is significantly associated with a reduction of mortality rates especially in patients older than 59 years