Stability on turning of Inconel 718 using vibration-assisted machining

International audienceInconel is a hard-to-cut material that uses very low cutting speed. In turning operation added to the low cutting velocity, there is also a second limitation to productivity: chatter. In order to reduce chatter, the depth of cut is reduced and the material removal rate is lower. One option to avoid reducing the depth of cut is using vibration assistance machining. This paper presents a numerical investigation using 1D vibrations in the feed direction in order to reduce chatter in turning Inconel 718

The structure of a recent nova shell as observed by ALMA

High resolution ALMA observations of the recent (2.52 yr old) shell of Nova V5668 Sgr (2015) show a highly structured ionized gas distribution with small (10^15 cm) clumps. These are the smallest structures ever observed in the remnant of a stellar thermonuclear explosion. No extended contiguous emission could be found above the 2.5σ level in our data, while the peak hydrogen densities in the clumps reach 10^6 cm^−3. The millimetre continuum image suggests that large scale structures previously distinguished in other recent nova shells may result from the distribution of bright unresolved condensations.publishe

Study of the plywood panels properties using geostatistic

Plywood panels have multiple applications in construction, in the furniture industry and packaging. There is a need to improve techniques for assessing quality of these products. This paper proposed the use of geostatistics to evaluate the behavior of the of the plywood panel. The physical properties were analyzed (moisture content, density and water absorption) in the full extent of the plywood panel of Eucalyptus sp., bonded with adhesive single-component polyurethane. For analysis, three panels of five layers, with dimensions of 350 x 350 x 15.5 mm each, were employed. The tests were based on the standards EN 323-2000, EN 322-2000 and ABNT NBR 9486- 2011. Statistical modeling was performed using the R software, using the methodology of geostatistics. The average results were compared with values reported in the literature. The average water absorption was 7% higher in comparison with other studies, which used urea formaldehyde. So, the product can be applied only to interior and their use is not advisable for floors; the average moisture content and density were within the average values found in the literature. The behavior of the properties analyzed using the geostatistical model was not homogeneous, with large variations. Geostatistics was considered an appropriate tool for the study of the variability of the plywood panel properties, and can be applied for better quality control of them.

Professional and Academic Perspectives of Pharmacy Students: A Cross Sectional-Study from Brazil

The study aims to assess the professional and academic expectations of pharmacy students of faculties that lives in the northern region of Brazil. Data were collected via a printed questionnaire. The number of students that answered the questionnaire was 600. Regards to academic life, 74.6% believe that faculties offer ideal opportunities. The most desired areas of activity were clinical and hospital pharmacies (45%) and commercial pharmacies (32.3%). Their salary expectations are higher than six national minimum wages. The profession is experiencing a period of enormous positive transformations. The study provides a general view of the several fields of work for pharmacy students to plan and conduct their professional activities to improve the health of the population

Casos de Anemia notificados em pacientes pediátricos no norte do Brasil

A anemia afeta quase um quarto da população mundial e causa inúmeros danos em vários tecidos, como baixa oxigenação e sinais e sintomas, como falta de ar, falta de apetite, dor de cabeça, tontura e dificuldade de aprendizado. Não há, no entanto, dados sobre anemia em crianças na Região Norte do Brasil, o que é necessário para estabelecer parâmetros confiáveis para restabelecer a saúde desses pacientes. Nosso objetivo foi avaliar os casos de anemia notificados em crianças na Região Norte do Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo transversal retrospectivo, realizado no período de um ano. As características demográficas foram anotadas e todas as crianças foram cuidadosamente designadas para o estudo. O procedimento de coleta de sangue foi realizado de acordo com o protocolo estabelecido. Um total de 600 pacientes foram incluídos no estudo. A maioria era do sexo feminino (52,5%), parda (51,6%), com renda familiar de um a dois salários-mínimos e ensino fundamental incompleto. A anemia foi mais evidente nas idades de 9 a 12 anos (74,8%) e a proporção de crianças com hematócrito, ferro e ferritina abaixo de 35%, 50 µg/dL e 7 µg/L, respectivamente, foi maior entre as crianças com anemia. Além disso, possuíam inúmeras variáveis de classificação morfológica comparadas ao índice hematimétrico. O estudo mostrou que a anemia afeta crianças. Diante da magnitude dos riscos apresentados neste artigo, medidas preventivas para esta patologia devem ser tomadas para garantir a integridade da saúde destes pacientes, sob pena de danos irreversíveis para as gerações futuras

A Efetividade da Musculação na Reabilitação Pós-Infarto: Perspectivas Cardíacas e Ortopédicas

This study highlights the importance of cardiac rehabilitation post-myocardial infarction (MI) and the effectiveness of weight training in this process. Cardiac rehabilitation is vital to reduce mortality and improve patients' quality of life, with weight training playing a crucial role. Cardiovascularly, weight training improves heart function, evidenced by hemodynamic parameters such as ejection fraction and stroke volume, reduces scar tissue size in the heart, and stimulates angiogenesis. Additionally, it modulates inflammation, improves cardiorespiratory fitness, and promotes healthy habits. Orthopedically, weight training increases muscle strength and endurance, improves functional capacity, and prevents musculoskeletal complications resulting from prolonged rest. The overall objective of this article is to evaluate the effectiveness of weight training in the rehabilitation of post-MI patients, focusing on cardiovascular and orthopedic benefits. The methodology used was a descriptive and qualitative bibliographic review, analyzing studies published between 1997 and 2024 in Portuguese and English. The databases consulted were PubMed, Scielo, and Google Scholar. The analysis focused on the effectiveness and safety of weight training in improving aerobic capacity, reducing cholesterol and blood pressure levels, and decreasing adverse cardiac events. The results confirm that cardiac rehabilitation, including aerobic and resistance exercises, is safe and effective. However, long-term adherence is a challenge. Weight training shows additional benefits such as increased muscle strength, improved functional capacity, and prevention of musculoskeletal complications. To maximize benefits and minimize risks, supervision by specialized health professionals is essential. This study concludes that weight training is a valuable intervention in post-MI rehabilitation, offering significant benefits for cardiovascular and orthopedic health. Including this practice in rehabilitation programs can optimize clinical outcomes and improve patients' quality of life. Continued research in this area is crucial to enhance rehabilitation strategies and ensure the safety and effectiveness of exercise programs for this specific population.Este estudo destaca a importância da reabilitação cardíaca pós-infarto do miocárdio (IAM) e a eficácia da musculação nesse processo. A reabilitação cardíaca é vital para reduzir a mortalidade e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes, com a musculação desempenhando um papel crucial. Cardiovascularmente, a musculação melhora a função cardíaca, evidenciada por parâmetros hemodinâmicos como fração de ejeção e volume sistólico, reduz o tamanho da cicatriz no tecido cardíaco e estimula a angiogênese. Além disso, modula a inflamação, melhora a aptidão cardiorrespiratória e promove hábitos saudáveis. Ortopedicamente, a musculação aumenta a força e resistência musculares, melhora a capacidade funcional e previne complicações musculoesqueléticas decorrentes do repouso prolongado. O objetivo geral deste artigo é avaliar a eficácia da musculação na reabilitação de pacientes pós-infarto, focando nos benefícios cardiovasculares e ortopédicos. A metodologia utilizada foi uma revisão bibliográfica descritiva e qualitativa, analisando estudos publicados entre 1997 e 2024, em português e inglês. As bases de dados consultadas foram PubMed, Scielo e Google Scholar. A análise focou na eficácia e segurança da musculação em melhorar a capacidade aeróbica, reduzir níveis de colesterol e pressão arterial, e diminuir eventos cardíacos adversos. Os resultados confirmam que a reabilitação cardíaca, incluindo exercícios aeróbicos e de resistência, é segura e eficaz. No entanto, a adesão a longo prazo é um desafio. A musculação mostra benefícios adicionais como o aumento da força muscular, melhora da capacidade funcional e prevenção de complicações musculoesqueléticas. Para maximizar os benefícios e minimizar riscos, é essencial a supervisão por profissionais de saúde especializados. Este estudo conclui que a musculação é uma intervenção valiosa na reabilitação pós-infarto, oferecendo benefícios significativos para a saúde cardiovascular e ortopédica. A inclusão dessa prática nos programas de reabilitação pode otimizar desfechos clínicos e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. A continuidade de pesquisas nesta área é crucial para aprimorar estratégias de reabilitação e garantir a segurança e eficácia dos programas de exercícios para essa população específica

TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access

Plant traits - the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants - determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait‐based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits - almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait–environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives

Study of co-culture between Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces kudriavzevii for the elaboration of a fermented alcoholic beverage based on Cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica DC.)

Submitted by Franciele Moreira ([email protected]) on 2018-10-04T13:15:26Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Marcos Flávio Ribeiro Valério Júnior - 2018.pdf: 3545674 bytes, checksum: 60b287d7be7aacf8e603947c7208bd99 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2018-10-05T14:12:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Marcos Flávio Ribeiro Valério Júnior - 2018.pdf: 3545674 bytes, checksum: 60b287d7be7aacf8e603947c7208bd99 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-05T14:12:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Marcos Flávio Ribeiro Valério Júnior - 2018.pdf: 3545674 bytes, checksum: 60b287d7be7aacf8e603947c7208bd99 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-27Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESThe production of alcoholic ferments from fruit is an attractive alternative for the food industry, as this type of beverage has received strong acceptance from consumers. Climate change and the search for wines with lower alcohol content and a search for a concentration of glycerol and better aromas, led to studies in yeast co-cultures. Brazil is one of the world's largest producers of fruits, including tropical fruit. Among the typical species of Cerrado, Eugenia dysenterica DC, popularly known as Cagaita, is already used in the manufacture of sweets, jellies, ice cream, soft drinks, juices and liqueurs. Regarding the fermenting agent, yeast to Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with high potential for ethanol production, and Saccharomyces kudriavzevii, a notable producer of glycerol, present interesting and required characteristics in the fermented beverage industry. Thus, the present work followed a central rotational experimental planning and a common factorial planning to stipulate the concentration of the strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae T-73 and Saccharomyces kudriavzevii CR-85, in order to understand how the interaction between the yeasts occurs ethanol, biomass and glycerol responses. From the DCCR, it was not possible to obtain significant models, since experiment 5 where there was pure CR-85 strain did not produce ethanol and glycerol. From these results, it was followed by common factorial planning, in which mathematical models could be obtained for the prediction of ethanol, biomass and glycerol production. It was also possible to identify that the assay with the highest concentration of CR-85 had an increase of glycerol, and the assay with the highest ethanol production was one that contained a slightly higher content of T-73 compared to CR-85. As for the volatile compounds, isoamyl alcohol was identified, responsible for the aromas in the food industry, as well as ethyl acetate, considered an ester acetate that gives the drinks fruit aromas. This research also presents details of the kinetics of growth, substrate consumption and production of Saccharomyces cerevisiae T-73 and Saccharomyces kudriavzevii CR-85 yeast products, in which the characteristics inherent to each yeast can influence the behavior of the kinetic parameters, characterizing the need to deepen studies on the metabolism of these yeasts.A produção de fermentados alcoólicos a partir de frutas é uma alternativa atrativa para indústria de alimentos, pois esse tipo de bebida tem recebido forte aceitação por parte dos consumidores. As mudanças climáticas e a busca por vinhos com menor teor alcoólico, concentrações de glicerol mais baixas e melhores aromas, levaram a estudos em co-culturas de leveduras. O Brasil, apresenta-se como um dos maiores produtores mundiais de frutas, incluindo a fruticultura tropical. O bioma Cerrado concentra uma grande variedade de espécies frutíferas com características organolépticas interessantes, entre as espécies típicas do Cerrado, Eugenia dysenterica DC, conhecida popularmente como Cagaita, já é utilizada na fabricação de doces, geleias, sorvetes, refrescos, sucos e licores. Com relação ao agente fermentador, a levedura a Saccharomyces cerevisiae, com alto potencial para produção de etanol, e Saccharomyces kudriavzevii, notável produtora de glicerol, apresentam caraterísticas interessante e requerida na indústria de bebidas fermentadas. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho, seguiu um planejamento experimental central rotacional e um planejamento fatorial comum para estipular a concentração das cepas de Saccharomyces cerevisiae T- 73 e Saccharomyces kudriavzevii CR-85, com intuito de entender como ocorre a interação entre as leveduras diante das respostas etanol, biomassa e glicerol. A partir do DCCR, não foi possível obter modelos significativos, visto que o experimento 5 onde havia cepa pura de CR-85 não produziu etanol e glicerol. A partir desses resultados, seguiu com planejamento fatorial comum, na qual, pôde-se obter modelos matemáticos para a predição da produção de etanol, biomassa e glicerol. Conseguiu-se também identificar que o ensaio com maior concentração de CR-85, houve um acréscimo de glicerol, e o ensaio com maior produção de etanol foi aquele que continha um teor ligeiramente superior de T-73 comparada a CR-85. Quantos aos compostos voláteis, foram identificados álcool isoamílico, responsável pelos aromas na indústria de alimentos, bem como acetato de étila, considerado um éster de acetato que confere a bebidas aromas frutais. Esta pesquisa ainda apresenta o detalhamento da cinética de crescimento, consumo de substrato e produção de produtos da levedura Saccharomyces cerevisiae T-73 e Saccharomyces kudriavzevii CR-85, nas quais, as características inerentes a cada levedura podem influenciar no comportamento dos parâmetros cinéticos, caracterizando a necessidade de aprofundamento de estudos no metabolismo dessas leveduras