20 research outputs found
Suicide among adolescents in Brazil: public health problem?
Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de PsicobiologiaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de PsiquiatriaUNIFESP, Depto. de PsicobiologiaUNIFESP, Depto. de PsiquiatriaSciEL
Instrumento para rastreamento dos casos de transtorno invasivo do desenvolvimento : estudo preliminar de validação
OBJETIVO: Tradução, retro-versão, adaptação cultural e validação do Autism Screening Questionnaire para a lÃngua portuguesa e para o seu uso no Brasil.
MÉTODO: Foi selecionada uma amostra inicial de 120 pacientes, encaminhados de duas clÃnicas privadas e uma pública, divida em três grupos de 40 pacientes distintos: pacientes com diagnóstico clÃnico de transtornos globais do desenvolvimento ou transtornos invasivos do desenvolvimento; de sÃndrome de Down e de outros transtornos psiquiátricos. O questionário foi aplicado aos responsáveis legais dos pacientes seguindo os padrões de um questionário auto-aplicável. As medidas psicométricas do questionário traduzido, na sua versão final, foram testadas.
RESULTADOS: Valores de sensibilidade de 92,5% e especificidade de 95,5% foram encontrados para uma pontuação de 15, como sendo um valor discriminativo para os sujeitos com caracterÃsticas de transtornos globais do desenvolvimento/transtornos invasivos do desenvolvimento. A validade interna para o total das 40 questões foi de 0,895, com uma variação entre 0,6 a 0,8. Os valores de confiabilidade obtidos pelo teste e re-teste demonstraram que a maioria das questões obteve alta concordância.
CONCLUSÕES: A versão final do instrumento de pesquisa, traduzido e adaptado à cultura brasileira, apresentou propriedades de medida satisfatórias, sugerindo adequadas propriedades preliminares de validação. É um instrumento de fácil aplicação e uma ferramenta útil para a realização de um screening diagnóstico em indivÃduos com transtornos globais do desenvolvimento/transtornos invasivos do desenvolvimento.OBJECTIVE: To translate into Portuguese, back-translate, culturally adapt and validate a screening instrument for pervasive developmental disorder, the Autism Screening Questionnaire, for use in Brazil.
METHOD: A sample of 120 patients was selected based on three groups of 40: patients with a clinical diagnosis of pervasive developmental disorder, Down syndrome, or other psychiatric disorders. The self-administered questionnaire was applied to the patients' legal guardians. Psychometric measures of the final version of the translated questionnaire were tested.
RESULTS: The score of 15 had sensitivity of 92.5% and specificity of 95.5% as a cut-off point for the diagnosis of pervasive developmental disorder. Internal validity for a total of 40 questions was 0.895 for alpha and 0.896 for KR-20, ranging from 0.6 to 0.8 for both coefficients. Test and retest reliability values showed strong agreement for most questions.
CONCLUSIONS: The final version of this instrument, translated into Portuguese and adapted to the Brazilian culture, had satisfactory measurement properties, suggesting preliminary validation proprieties. It was an easy-to-apply, useful tool for the diagnostic screening of individuals with pervasive developmental disorder
Mental health and violence among sixth grade students from a city in the state of São Paulo
OBJECTIVE: To analyze risk and protective factors for mental health problems among adolescents. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with a random sample (N=327; attrition rate=6.9%) of sixth grade students from all public and private schools in the city of Barretos, Southeastern Brazil, conducted in 2004. The factors studied were: exposure to intrafamilial and urban violence, family socioeconomic level, sex, motherless household, participation in social activities (protective factor). All the independent risk and protective factors were included in the initial logistic regression model. Only the variable with a significance level of p<0.05 remained in the model. RESULTS: It was observed that exposure to violence was the only factor associated with mental health problems in the final logistic regression model (p=0.02, 95% CI: 1.12;4.22). In addition, adolescents exposed to intrafamilial violence were three times more likely to have problems than those exposed to urban violence (p=0.04; 95% CI: 1.03;7.55). CONCLUSIONS: Intrafamilial violence was associated with mental heath problems among adolescents studied and it could be more important than urban violence in medium-sized cities.OBJETIVO: Analisar fatores de proteção e de risco para problemas de saúde mental entre adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal realizado com amostra aleatória (N=327; perda=6,9%) de estudantes da sexta série de todas as escolas públicas e privadas de Barretos, SP, em 2004. Os fatores examinados foram: exposição à violência doméstica e urbana, nÃvel socioeconômico familiar, sexo, morar sem a mãe, participar de atividades sociais (fator de proteção). As associações entre esses fatores e problemas de saúde mental foram analisadas por meio de modelos de regressão logÃstica. Todos os fatores de risco e proteção independentes foram incluÃdos no modelo inicial de regressão logÃstica, permanecendo no modelo final apenas a variável com nÃvel de significância inferior a 0,05. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se que apenas exposição à violência permaneceu no modelo final como fator associado a problemas de saúde mental (p=0,02; IC 95%: 1,12;4,22). Crianças expostas à violência doméstica tinham três vezes mais chances de apresentarem estes problemas do que aquelas expostas à violência urbana (p=0,04; IC 95%: 1,03;7,55). CONCLUSÕES: A violência doméstica associou-se a problemas de saúde mental nos adolescentes do estudo, podendo ser mais importante que a violência urbana em cidades de médio porte.Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie Programa de Pós-graduação em Distúrbios do DesenvolvimentoUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de Psiquiatria Setor de Psiquiatria SocialUNIFESP Departamento de Psiquiatria Unidade de Psiquiatria da Infância e AdolescênciaUNIFESP, Depto. de Psiquiatria Setor de Psiquiatria SocialUNIFESP, Depto. de Psiquiatria Unidade de Psiquiatria da Infância e AdolescênciaSciEL
RBP is the Latin American medical journal with the highest Impact Factor
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Department of PsychiatryUniversidade de São Paulo Department of PsychiatryUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Department of PsychiatryHospital das ClÃnicas Institute of Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic of Pathological Gambling and Other Impulse DisordersUniversidade de São Paulo School of MedicineHospital de ClÃnicas de Porto AlegreUNIFESP, Department of PsychiatrySciEL
Obsessive-compulsive disorder, tic disorders, Tourette syndrome and other psychiatric disorders in rheumatic fever with or without Sydenham's Chorea patients
Transtornos psiquiátricos têm sido descritos com maior freqüência em pacientes com Coréia de Sydenham (CS) do que em pacientes com Febre Reumática(FR) sem CS. Os objetivos desse estudo forma o de verificar: se existe uma freqüência aumentada de transtornos psiquiátricos em pacientes com FR comparados a um grupo controle; se estes transtornos psiquiátricos apresentam freqüência aumentada em grupo de pacientes com Coréia de Sydenham, a manifestação da FR no Sistema Nervoso Central, comparado ao grupo de pacientes com FR sem CS; e, por fim, verificar a relação temporal entre o inÃcio destes diversos transtornos e o inÃcio da FR. Concluiu-se que a presença de FR está associada a uma maior freqüência de transtornos psiquiátricos, mesmo na ausência de CS. O TDHA e o TT, neste estudo, foram indicados como fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de CS em pacientes com FR.Psychiatric disorders have been described as more frequent in Sydenhams Chorea patients SC) than in rheumatic fever without SC (RF). The aim of this study was to investigate it the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in RF is associated with the occurrence of SC. Furthermore, age of onset of the various symptoms was determined in order to clarify the temporal relationship between the presence of psychiatric symptoms and either rheumatic fever or Sydenhams Chorea. Using semi-structured diagnostic interviews for DSM-IV and ratings scales, the authors assessed 22 SC patients, 20 RF patients and 20 pediatric controls. Statistical Analyses were performed using Pearson chi-square (Fischers exact test for 2x2 tables) for comparisons of categorial variables. Comparisons of continuous variables among groups were carried out using ANOVA and the Student t-test, when only groups were analyzed. In order to establish the risk for the development of SC and OCD given to presence of other co-morbid conditions, a logistic regression was applied. The level of significance adopted was 0.05. Both the SC and RF groups showed a greater prevalence of psychiatric disorders. The SC sample showed higher frequency of major depression disorder (MDD) (x2 = 19,1, df = 2, p = 0,00007), tic disorder (TD) (x2 = 21,1, df = 2, p = 0,00001) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (x2-21,7, df = 2, p = 0,0002). Although Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) was not statiscally higher in the SC and RF groups, Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms were more frequent in both RF and SC groups compared to the controls (x2 = 7,3, df = 2, p = 0,025). The age of onset for both ADHD and TD predicted the risk for development of SC. The risk of development of OCD in SC children was also associated with the age of onset of ADHD. RF seems to confer increased risk to develop neuropsychiatric disorders even in patients without SC. In this sample, ADHD and TD was an important risk factor for the occurrence of co-morbid illnesses
Obsessive-compulsive disorder, tic disorders, Tourette syndrome and other psychiatric disorders in rheumatic fever with or without Sydenham's Chorea patients
Transtornos psiquiátricos têm sido descritos com maior freqüência em pacientes com Coréia de Sydenham (CS) do que em pacientes com Febre Reumática(FR) sem CS. Os objetivos desse estudo forma o de verificar: se existe uma freqüência aumentada de transtornos psiquiátricos em pacientes com FR comparados a um grupo controle; se estes transtornos psiquiátricos apresentam freqüência aumentada em grupo de pacientes com Coréia de Sydenham, a manifestação da FR no Sistema Nervoso Central, comparado ao grupo de pacientes com FR sem CS; e, por fim, verificar a relação temporal entre o inÃcio destes diversos transtornos e o inÃcio da FR. Concluiu-se que a presença de FR está associada a uma maior freqüência de transtornos psiquiátricos, mesmo na ausência de CS. O TDHA e o TT, neste estudo, foram indicados como fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de CS em pacientes com FR.Psychiatric disorders have been described as more frequent in Sydenhams Chorea patients SC) than in rheumatic fever without SC (RF). The aim of this study was to investigate it the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in RF is associated with the occurrence of SC. Furthermore, age of onset of the various symptoms was determined in order to clarify the temporal relationship between the presence of psychiatric symptoms and either rheumatic fever or Sydenhams Chorea. Using semi-structured diagnostic interviews for DSM-IV and ratings scales, the authors assessed 22 SC patients, 20 RF patients and 20 pediatric controls. Statistical Analyses were performed using Pearson chi-square (Fischers exact test for 2x2 tables) for comparisons of categorial variables. Comparisons of continuous variables among groups were carried out using ANOVA and the Student t-test, when only groups were analyzed. In order to establish the risk for the development of SC and OCD given to presence of other co-morbid conditions, a logistic regression was applied. The level of significance adopted was 0.05. Both the SC and RF groups showed a greater prevalence of psychiatric disorders. The SC sample showed higher frequency of major depression disorder (MDD) (x2 = 19,1, df = 2, p = 0,00007), tic disorder (TD) (x2 = 21,1, df = 2, p = 0,00001) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (x2-21,7, df = 2, p = 0,0002). Although Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) was not statiscally higher in the SC and RF groups, Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms were more frequent in both RF and SC groups compared to the controls (x2 = 7,3, df = 2, p = 0,025). The age of onset for both ADHD and TD predicted the risk for development of SC. The risk of development of OCD in SC children was also associated with the age of onset of ADHD. RF seems to confer increased risk to develop neuropsychiatric disorders even in patients without SC. In this sample, ADHD and TD was an important risk factor for the occurrence of co-morbid illnesses