The Informational Foundation of the Human Act

This book is the result of a collective research effort performed during many years in both Sweden and Spain. It is the result of attempting to develop a new field of research that could we denominate «human act informatics.» The goal has been to use the technologies of information to the study of the human act in general, including embodied acts and disembodied acts. The book presents a theory of the quantification of the informational value of human acts as order, opposing the living order against entropy. We present acting as a set of decisions and choices aimed to create order and to impose Modernity. Karl Popper’s frequency theory of probability is applied to characterize human acts regarding their degree of freedom and to set up a scale of order in human decisions. The traditional theory of economics and social science characterize the human act as rational, utilitarian and ethical. Our results emphasize that the unique significance of an act lies in its capacity to generate order. An adequate methodology is then presented to defend such hypothesis according to which, the rationality respective irrationality of acting, is in fact only a function of the act’s organizational capacity. From this perspective, it has been necessary to define «order» respective «disorder» as operative concepts that allowed the comparison of the organizational differences generated by each kind of act. According to the presented conclusions, the spontaneity of living, as unconscious thinking, dreaming, loving, etc. and the mainstream of the human acts, are utilitarian, but in an irrational way; they are rooted in unconscious drifts and therefore must be considered irrational-utility acts

Granulomatosis de Wegener y Abordaje Enfermero

Este trabajo de fin de grado se basa en una revisión bibliográfica de toda la información que hay, hoy en día, sobre la granulomatosis de Wegener y en la unificación de criterios de actuación para la elaboración de un plan de cuidados de enfermería dirigido a personas que padezcan dicha enfermedad. Este tipo de vasculitis es poco frecuente y se caracteriza por ser sistémica, granulomatosa y necrosante. Su etiología es desconocida, aunque se la asocia a causa autoinmune y el tratamiento de referencia es la combinación de glucocorticoides e inmunosupresores. Dicha patología, debido a su desmesurado cuadro clínico, puede confundirse con otro tipo de enfermedades haciendo que la evolución de ésta avance. Esto conlleva a un mal pronóstico para los afectados por lo que el diagnóstico y el tratamiento precoz son muy importantes.Departamento de EnfermeríaGrado en Enfermerí

Determinacion mediante termografía de la reflectancia infrarroja de materiales especulares

En este trabajo se presenta una metodología experimental destinada a la medición de la reflectancia especular en el rango del IR lejano, mediante la utilización de una cámara termográfica. Las medidas se realizaron para muestras especulares de dos tipos diferentes: con soporte de vidrio y reflectores metálicos. Se estudiaron espejos de distintos espesores y calidad de vidrio, vidrios claros, acrílico y una placa de aluminio. Se determinó la reflectancia infrarroja de estos materiales para distintos ángulos de incidencia (10°, 30°, 45°, 60° y 70°). Los resultados indican que la muestra de aluminio presenta los mayores valores de reflectancia (0.80 a incidencia normal), que disminuye al aumentar el ángulo de incidencia. Las cinco muestras compuestas por vidrio presentan valores de reflectancia similares entre ellas (0.15 a incidencia normal), la cual aumenta con el ángulo de incidencia.This work presents an experimental methodology to measure the specular reflectance in the far IR range, by using a thermographic camera. Measurements were performed for specular targets of two different types: with glass support and for metallic reflectors. Mirrors of different thicknesses and qualities of glass, clear glasses, acrylic and an aluminum plate were studied. For these materials the infrared reflectance was determined for different incident angles (10°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 70°). The results indicate that the aluminum target presents the highest values of reflectance (0.80 at normal incidence), which decreases as the angle of incidence becomes higher. The five samples that contains glass have similar reflectance values (0.15 at normal incidence), which increase with the incidence angle.Fil: Hongn, Marcos Ezequiel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Salta. Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía no Convencional; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Salta; ArgentinaFil: Flores Larsen, Silvana Elinor. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Salta. Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía no Convencional; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Salta; Argentin

Una evaluación psicolingüístico-computacional de las capacidades sintácticas de los modelos BERT para el gallego en la intersección entre la resolución de dependencias y el tiempo de entrenamiento

This paper explores the ability of Transformer models to capture subject-verb and noun-adjective agreement dependencies in Galician. We conduct a series of word prediction experiments in which we manipulate dependency length together with the presence of an attractor noun that acts as a lure. First, we evaluate the overall performance of the existing monolingual and multilingual models for Galician. Secondly, to observe the effects of the training process, we compare the different degrees of achievement of two monolingual BERT models at different training points. We also release their checkpoints and propose an alternative evaluation metric. Our results confirm previous findings by similar works that use the agreement prediction task and provide interesting insights into the number of training steps required by a Transformer model to solve long-distance dependencies.Este trabajo analiza la capacidad de los modelos Transformer para capturar las dependencias de concordancia sujeto-verbo y sustantivo-adjetivo en gallego. Llevamos a cabo una serie de experimentos de predicción de palabras manipulando la longitud de la dependencia junto con la presencia de un sustantivo intermedio que actúa como distractor. En primer lugar, evaluamos el rendimiento global de los modelos monolingües y multilingües existentes para el gallego. En segundo lugar, para observar los efectos del proceso de entrenamiento, comparamos los diferentes grados de consecución de dos modelos monolingües BERT en diferentes puntos del entrenamiento. Además, publicamos sus puntos de control y proponemos una métrica de evaluación alternativa. Nuestros resultados confirman los hallazgos anteriores de trabajos similares que utilizan la tarea de predicción de concordancia y proporcionan una visión interesante sobre el número de pasos de entrenamiento que necesita un modelo Transformer para resolver las dependencias de larga distancia.This research was funded by the project “Nós: Galician in the society and economy of artificial intelligence” (Xunta de Galicia/Universidade de Santiago de Compostela), by grant ED431G2019/04 (Galician Government and ERDF), by a Ramón y Cajal grant (RYC2019-028473-I), and by Grant ED431F 2021/01 (Galician Government)

Gravitational waves from rapid structure formation on microscopic scales before matter-radiation equality

The existence of scalar fields can be probed by observations of stochastic gravitational waves. Scalar fields mediate attractive forces, usually stronger than gravity, on the length scales shorter than their Compton wavelengths, which can be non-negligible in the early Universe, when the horizon size is small. These attractive forces exhibit an instability similar to the gravitational instability, only stronger. They can, therefore, lead to the growth of structures in some species. We identify a gravitational waves signature of such processes and show that it can be detected by future gravitational waves experiments.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figur

Structure Formation after Reheating: Supermassive Primordial Black Holes and Fermi Ball Dark Matter

In the presence of (relatively) long-range forces, structures can form even during the radiation dominated era, leading to compact objects, such as Fermi balls or primordial black holes (PBH), which can account for all or part of dark matter. We present a detailed analysis of a model in which fermions are produced from the inflaton decay developing some particle-antiparticle asymmetry. These fermions undergo clustering and structure formation driven by a Yukawa interaction. The same interaction provides a cooling channel for the dark halos via scalar radiation, leading to rapid collapse and the formation of a compact object. We discuss the criteria for the formation of either PBHs and Fermi balls. In the PBH formation regime, supermassive PBHs can seed the active galactic nuclei or quasars found at high redshift. Alternatively, Fermi balls can account for all of the cold dark matter, while evading microlensing constraints.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure

A dynamic cell recruitment process drives growth of the Drosophila wing by overscaling the vestigial expression pattern

Organs mainly attain their size by cell growth and proliferation, but sometimes also grow through recruitment of undifferentiated cells. Here we investigate the participation of cell recruitment in establishing the pattern of Vestigial (Vg), the product of the wing selector gene in Drosophila. We find that the Vg pattern overscales along the dorsal-ventral (DV) axis of the wing imaginal disc, i.e., it expands faster than the DV length of the pouch. The overscaling of the Vg pattern cannot be explained by differential proliferation, apoptosis, or oriented-cell divisions, but can be recapitulated by a mathematical model that explicitly considers cell recruitment. When impairing cell recruitment genetically, we find that the Vg pattern almost perfectly scales and adult wings are approximately 20% smaller. Conversely, impairing cell proliferation results in very small wings, suggesting that cell recruitment and cell proliferation additively contribute to organ growth in this system. Furthermore, using fluorescent reporter tools, we provide direct evidence that cell recruitment is initiated between early and mid third-instar larval development. Altogether, our work quantitatively shows when, how, and by how much cell recruitment shapes the Vg pattern and drives growth of the Drosophila wing.Fil: Muñoz Nava, Luis Manuel. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional; MéxicoFil: Alvarez, Hugo Ariel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física de Líquidos y Sistemas Biológicos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física de Líquidos y Sistemas Biológicos; ArgentinaFil: Flores Flores, Marycruz. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional; MéxicoFil: Chara, Osvaldo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física de Líquidos y Sistemas Biológicos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física de Líquidos y Sistemas Biológicos; Argentina. Technische Universität Dresden; AlemaniaFil: Nahmad, Marcos. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional; Méxic