Diaspores biometry, temperatures and light regime on seed germination of Ptychosperma macarthurii (Arecaceae)

This work aimed to analyze diaspores biometric characteristics, the effect of different temperatures and light regimes on seed germination and on the initial seedlings’ growth of Ptychosperma macarthurii. The experiment was performed at the Horticulture Seed Laboratory, UNESP/FCAV, Jaboticabal, SP. The individual diaspores biometric analysis was performed by measuring the length, diameter, mass and weight of a thousand diaspores, the data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis. It was adopted a completely randomized design in a 5 × 2 factorial with four replications of 25 seeds per treatment. Five temperatures (25; 30; 35; 20-30 and 25-35 ºC) and two light regimes (presence and total absence of light) were evaluated. The variables analyzed were germination, germination speed index, average length of the primary root and shoot, diameter of the stem and seedlings total dry mass. The length, diameter and average weight of the diaspores were 12.54 mm, 6.05 mm and 0.1610 g, respectively. The seeds of Ptychosperma macarthurii germinated in a wide temperature range, reaching a higher germination percentage at 25 ºC and a higher germination speed index at 30 ºC, being classified as neutral photoblastics. The constant temperature of 30 ºC provided higher mean values ​​for all seedlings’ biometric characteristics.This work aimed to analyze diaspores biometric characteristics, the effect of different temperatures and light regimes on seed germination and on the initial seedlings’ growth of Ptychosperma macarthurii. The experiment was performed at the Horticulture Seed Laboratory, UNESP/FCAV, Jaboticabal, SP. The individual diaspores biometric analysis was performed by measuring the length, diameter, mass and weight of a thousand diaspores, the data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis. It was adopted a completely randomized design in a 5 × 2 factorial with four replications of 25 seeds per treatment. Five temperatures (25; 30; 35; 20-30 and 25-35 ºC) and two light regimes (presence and total absence of light) were evaluated. The variables analyzed were germination, germination speed index, average length of the primary root and shoot, diameter of the stem and seedlings total dry mass. The length, diameter and average weight of the diaspores were 12.54 mm, 6.05 mm and 0.1610 g, respectively. The seeds of Ptychosperma macarthurii germinated in a wide temperature range, reaching a higher germination percentage at 25 ºC and a higher germination speed index at 30 ºC, being classified as neutral photoblastics. The constant temperature of 30 ºC provided higher mean values ​​for all seedlings’ biometric characteristics

Produção sustentável de mudas de amendoim-do-campo para uso na arborização urbana / Sustainable production of peanut seedlings for use in urban afforestation

A necessidade de estudar a utilização dos resíduos de tratamento de esgoto como substrato é de grande importância ambiental para solucionar os problemas de contaminação do solo e de corpos d’água provocados pelo despejo incorreto dos efluentes no ambiente e melhorar a qualidade da formação de mudas para paisagismo e arborização urbana. O estudo deste material foi avaliado com o desenvolvimento de mudas de amendoim-do-campo (Platypodium elegans Vogel) em diferentes concentrações de biossólido e terra de subsolo. O experimento foi instalado no Departamento das Ciências da Produção Agrícola da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias – UNESP, Campus de Jaboticabal. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado. Foram seis tratamentos, oito repetições e quatro plantas por parcela. Os tratamentos testados foram constituídos por substratos resultantes da mistura de terra de subsolo (TS) e biossólido (BIO) em diferentes proporções: 100% TS (controle); 80% TS + 20% BIO; 60% TS + 40% BIO; 40% TS + 60% BIO; 20% TS + 80% BIO; T6 100% BIO. Para acompanhar o desenvolvimento das mudas de amendoim-do-campo, foram avaliados: altura da parte aérea (cm), comprimento da raiz (cm), diâmetro do coleto (mm), número de folhas, área foliar (cm2), e massa seca da parte aérea, das raízes e total. As características foram avaliadas assim que as raízes das plântulas puderam ser observadas na extremidade inferior dos tubetes. Da análise dos resultados, possibilitou-se concluir que os substratos estudados promoveram diferenças significativas para praticamente todas as características avaliadas das mudas de P. elegans, não existindo significância apenas para comprimento da raiz. As maiores concentrações de biossólido apresentaram os melhores resultados no desenvolvimento das mudas de amendoim-do-campo

Effect of running high-intensity interval training type of recovery on muscle injury and oxidative stress markers

Introduction: High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) is understood as vigorous activity, with different intensities, interspersed with periods passive or active recovery, which induces an acute physiological response. Two running HIITs were analyzed, and biochemical markers of muscle damage (MD) and oxidative stress (OS) were measured. Materials and Methods: 15 soldiers were submitted to anthropometric and VO2 max assessments. Subsequently, they performed treadmill running HIITs: (a) moderate to strong intensity and active recovery (HIIT AR) and, (b) moderate to strong intensity with passive recovery (HIIT PR). Venous blood samples were collected pre and post-tests for analysis of MD (lactate, creatine kinase - CK and lactate dehydrogenase - LDH), and OS (lipid peroxidation- LP, carbonyl protein - PC, total antioxidant activity -TAA and total sulfhydryl groups - TSG). Results: Comparing MD at baseline x HIIT PR, it was observed an increase in CK, LDH and lactate. At baseline x HIIT AR, a significant increase in CK, LDH and lactate. Comparing HIIT RP x HIIT AR, only lactate was significantly affected by HIITs. Comparing OS at baseline x HIIT PR, there was a significant increase in LP and PC. Baseline x HIIT AR, there was a reduction only at TSG, and comparing HIIT PR x HIIT AR, there was a reduction in LP/VO2, TSG and PC. Conclusion: Both protocols increased blood levels of MD, but comparing HIIT PR and HIIT AR, lactate and OS were higher at HIIT PR. It is noteworthy that HIIT AR is more effective in removing lactate and modulating redox metabolis

Influence Of Number Of Pregnancies In Peak Expiratory Flow And Body Composition Of Pregnant Women

Objectives: to describe and compare the mean values of the body composition and the peak expiratory flow (PEF) in primigravidae and multigravidae and, to determine its correlation with obstetric, anthropometric and body composition variables. Method: it was performed a cross-sectional study of 120 healthy pregnant women at low risk, including 77 primigravidae and 43 multigravidae. The PEF was measured by spirometry and the body composition by multisegmental electrical impedance. The unpaired t test was used to compare the groups and the Pearson correlation test was used to determine the association between PEF and independent variables. A multiple linear regression was used to estimate the relationship between the dependent variable, the PEF and the independent variables. Results: the body composition variables in multigravidae women showed higher values compared to the primigravidae, being statistically significant, except for fat mass. In primigravidae, the PEF was correlated significantly with maternal age and height. In multigravidae, the PEF was correlated with maternal age, height, pre-pregnancy and current weight, total body water, extracellular water, fat mass, lean mass and fat-free mass. A Multiple linear regression analysis showed that, in primigravidae, height and maternal age were associated with PEF, being responsible for explaining 14.5% of its variability. The current weight and the maternal age explained 42.3% of peak flow variability in multigravidae. Conclusion: The PEF seemed to be influenced by the number of pregnancies. Changes were observed in relation to the body composition, as it was evidenced in correlation with the PEF in multigravidae women. Keywords: Pregnancy. Spirometry. Weight gain

High prevalence of hepatitis B virus and low vaccine response in children and adolescents in Northeastern Brazil

Children have an increased likelihood of becoming carriers of the chronic hepatitis B virus. A total of 1,381 children and adolescents were assessed in five municipalities of Maranhao State, Brazil, for detection of anti-HBc, HBsAg and anti-HBs serologic markers and sociodemographic and behavioral features. Among those who were HBsAg negative and anti-HBc negative, the proportion of anti-HBs positives was calculated after the individuals had completed the vaccination schedule. The robust variance of the Poisson’s regression model was used in order to have adjusted tables and calculate the prevalence ratio. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with the prevalence of anti-HBc with or without HBsAg and the vaccine response. It was observed that 163 children were anti-HBc positive and nine individuals were HBsAg positive. The factors associated with the infection were: municipality of residence (residing in Morros municipality or Humberto de Campos municipality), residence in a rural area, aged between 13 and 15 years old, and illicit drug use. The percentage of individuals who were anti-HBc negative and received all three doses of the vaccine was 48.5%. Among these, only 276 (38.9%) had antibodies at protective concentrations. In an adjusted analysis, Morros municipality presented an increased positivity of vaccine response (p < 0.001), and the age ranging between 6 and 10 years old presented a reduced frequency of response. This study reveals a high prevalence of current and past HBV infection within the targeted age group which, in addition to the low vaccination coverage and serological responses, raises concerns about the management of prevention measures, especially the quality of vaccination in these locations

Previous BCG vaccination is associated with less severe clinical progression of COVID-19

Background: BCG vaccination, originally used to prevent tuberculosis, is known to “train” the immune system to improve defence against viral respiratory infections. We investigated whether a previous BCG vaccination is associated with less severe clinical progression of COVID-19./ Methods: A case-control study comparing the proportion with a BCG vaccine scar (indicating previous vaccination) in cases and controls presenting with COVID-19 to health units in Brazil. Cases were subjects with severe COVID-19 (O2 saturation < 90%, severe respiratory effort, severe pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome, sepsis, and septic shock). Controls had COVID-19 not meeting the definition of “severe” above. Unconditional regression was used to estimate vaccine protection against clinical progression to severe disease, with strict control for age, comorbidity, sex, educational level, race/colour, and municipality. Internal matching and conditional regression were used for sensitivity analysis./ Results: BCG was associated with high protection against COVID-19 clinical progression, over 87% (95% CI 74–93%) in subjects aged 60 or less and 35% (95% CI − 44–71%) in older subjects./ Conclusions: This protection may be relevant for public health in settings where COVID-19 vaccine coverage is still low and may have implications for research to identify vaccine candidates for COVID-19 that are broadly protective against mortality from future variants. Further research into the immunomodulatory effects of BCG may inform COVID-19 therapeutic research.

O Largo da Banana e a presença negra em São Paulo

The Largo da Banana relates to the history of the black population in São Paulo. Acknowledged as one of São Paulo’s “cradle” of samba, samba musicians are its main spokespersons. Largo da Banana used to be located near the former Barra Funda Railway Station. From the first decades to around half the Twentieth century, informal laborers in the railway logistics used to gather together in that space. Within a precarious and unsteady daily life, they used to play samba and tiririca. In the fifties, the municipality built the Pacaembu Viaduct in that area, aiming to extend the homonym avenue beyond the railway road. In the sixties, samba musician Geraldo Filme wrote two songs in which he paid homage to Largo da Banana and regrettedits disappearance after the viaduct’s inauguration. In these and other of his songs, the artist recorded his perceptions on the life conditions of São Paulo’s blacks and samba musicians, their sociabilities, and also the urban changes he witnessed. Considering that his artistic work contributes to enlighten aspects of social reality, I analyze some of his songs to interpret the sociabilities at Largo da Banana, as well as the urban intervention in that location.O Largo da Banana está associado à história da população negra em São Paulo. Reconhecido como um dos “berços” do samba paulista, é sobretudo através dos próprios sambistas que essa história pode hoje ser conhecida. Localizado junto à antiga estação da Barra Funda, desde as primeiras décadas até meados do século passado, aquele espaço concentrou trabalhadores informais vinculados às atividades da ferrovia. Em meio a um cotidiano precário e instável, essa população realizava rodas de samba e de tiririca. Nos anos 1950, foi construído naquele local o Viaduto Pacaembu, que prolongava a avenida homônima para além davia férrea. A partir da década de 1960, o sambista negro Geraldo Filme compôs duas canções em que homenageava o Largo da Banana e lamentava seu desaparecimento após a inauguração do viaduto. Nessas e em outras composições, o artista registrou suas percepções sobre as condições de vida da população negra e sambista na cidade, suas sociabilidades, bem como sobre as transformações urbanas que testemunhou. Considerando que sua obra artística contribui para iluminar aspectos da realidade social, ela é adotada como fonte para analisar as formas de sociabilidade no Largo da Banana e a intervenção urbanística naquele local

A Dança Descontrolada do Coração: Uma Revisão Sistemática sobre Taquiarritmias - Estratégias de Diagnóstico, Abordagens Terapêuticas e Desafios Emergentes

Introduction: A profound understanding of these arrhythmias extends beyond mere identification of irregular patterns in the electrocardiogram. It demands a meticulous analysis of diagnostic strategies, aiming not only for early detection but also for the precise differentiation among various forms of tachyarrhythmias. &nbsp; Methodology: The present study comprises a systematic review addressing tachyarrhythmias, with a focus on Diagnostic Strategies, Therapeutic Approaches, and Emerging Challenges. The investigation was conducted on the PUBMED platform, using specific MESH descriptors such as Tachycardia, Therapeutics, and Diagnosis. Results: Similar to atrial fibrillation, the therapeutic approach to atrial flutter faces emerging challenges. The individualization of treatment, considering the specific characteristics of each patient, remains a critical aspect, especially when dealing with more vulnerable populations such as the elderly. Furthermore, the integration of innovative technologies, like artificial intelligence and remote monitoring devices, presents opportunities and challenges in the ongoing management of atrial flutter. Conclusion: Clinical challenges manifest as opportunities for significant advancements in the management of cardiac arrhythmias. Early identification, prevention of complications, and the pursuit of more effective therapeutic approaches are goals that permeate the core of contemporary cardiological practice.Introdução: A compreensão profunda dessas arritmias vai além da mera identificação de padrões irregulares no eletrocardiograma. Ela demanda uma análise minuciosa das estratégias de diagnóstico, visando não apenas a detecção precoce, mas também a diferenciação precisa entre as várias formas de taquiarritmias. Metodologia: A presente pesquisa consiste em uma revisão sistemática abordando as Taquiarritmias, com foco nas Estratégias de Diagnóstico, Abordagens Terapêuticas e Desafios Emergentes. A investigação foi conduzida na plataforma PUBMED, utilizando descritores MESH específicos, tais como Tachycardia, Therapeutics e Diagnosis. Resultado: semelhante à fibrilação atrial, a abordagem terapêutica do flutter atrial enfrenta desafios emergentes. A individualização do tratamento, considerando as características específicas de cada paciente, permanece um aspecto crítico, especialmente ao lidar com populações mais vulneráveis, como idosos. Além disso, a integração de tecnologias inovadoras, como a inteligência artificial e dispositivos de monitoramento remoto, apresenta oportunidades e desafios na gestão contínua do flutter atrial. Conclusão: Os desafios clínicos apresentam-se como oportunidades para avanços significativos na gestão das arritmias cardíacas. A identificação precoce, a prevenção de complicações e a busca por abordagens terapêuticas mais eficazes são metas que permeiam o cerne da prática cardiológica contemporânea