A design framework for Smart Cultural Objects

none3openMarco, Gaiani; Fabrizio Ivan Apollonio; Berta, MartiniMarco, Gaiani; Fabrizio Ivan, Apollonio; Martini, Bert

Fuentes de color mejoradas para el modelado tridimensional de artefactos arqueológicos de tamaño medio localizados in situ.

[EN] The paper describes a color enhanced processing system - applied as case study on an artifact of the Pompeii archaeological area - developed in order to enhance different techniques for reality-based 3D models construction and visualization of archaeological artifacts. This processing allows rendering reflectance properties with perceptual fidelity on a consumer display and presents two main improvements over existing techniques: a. the color definition of the archaeological artifacts; b. the comparison between the range-based and photogrammetry-based pipelines to understand the limits of use and suitability to specific objects.[ES] El documento describe un sistema mejorado de procesamiento de color, aplicado como caso de estudio sobre un artefacto de la zona arqueológica de Pompeya. Este sistema se ha desarrollado con la finalidad de mejorar las diferentes técnicas para la construcción de modelos 3D basados sobre datos de la realidad y para la visualización de artefactos arqueológicos. Este proceso permite visualizar las propiedades de reflectancia con fidelidad perceptible en una pantalla de usuario y presenta dos mejoras principales respecto a las técnicas existentes:a. la definición del color de los artefactos arqueológicos;b. la comparación entre los flujos de trabajo basados en range-based-modeling y en fotogrametría, para entender los límites de uso y la adecuación a los objetos específicos.Apollonio, FI.; Ballabeni, M.; Gaiani, M. (2014). Color enhanced pipelines for reality-based 3D modeling of on site medium sized archeological artifacts. Virtual Archaeology Review. 5(10):59-76. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2014.4218OJS5976510AGISOFT PHOTOSCAN (2014), http://www.agisoft.ru.ALLEN P., FEINER S., et al. (2004): "Seeing into the past: Creating a 3D modeling pipeline for archaeological visualization", in Proceedings of 3DPVT '04, 2004, pp. 751-758.BERALDIN J.-A., PICARD M., et al. (2002): "Virtualizing a byzantine crypt by combining high-resolution textures with laser scanner 3D data", in Proceedings of VSMM 2002, pp. 3-14.BERNARDINI F., RUSHMEIER H. (2000): "The 3D model acquisition pipeline", in Eurographics 2000 State of the Art Reports.BLAIS F. (2004): "A review of 20 years of Range Sensors Development", in Journal of Electronic Imaging, Vol. 13, N. 1, pp. 231-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.1631921BLAIS F., BERALDIN J.A. (2006): "Recent Developments in 3D Multi-modal Laser Imaging Applied to Cultural Heritage, in Machine Vision and Applications, Vol. 17, N. 6, pp. 395-409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00138-006-0025-3BOEHLER W. (2005): "Comparison of 3D scanning and other 3D measurement techniques", in Baltsavias E., Gruen, A., et al. (eds), Recording, Modeling and Visualization of Cultural Heritage, Taylor & Francis.BOOCHS F., BENTKOWSKA-KAFEL A., et al. (2013): "Towards optimal spectral and spatial documentation of Cultural Heritage. COSCH - an interdisciplinary action in the COST framework", in ISPRS Arch., Vol. XL-5/W2, 2013, pp. 109-113.CALLIERI M., CIGNONI P., et al. (2008): "Masked photo blending: mapping dense photographic dataset on high-resolution 3D models", in Computer & Graphics, Vol. 32, N. 4, 2008, pp. 464 - 473.CALLIERI M., DELLEPIANE M., et al. (2011): "Processing Sampled 3D Data: Reconstruction and Visualization Technologies", in F. Stanco, S. Battiato, G. Gallo (eds.), Digital Imaging for Cultural Heritage Preservation: Analysis, Restoration and Reconstruction of Ancient Artworks, Taylor and Francis, pp. 105-136.CORSINI M., DELLEPIANE M., et al. (2009):"Image-to-geometry registration: a mutual information method exploiting illumination-related geometric properties", in Computer Graphics Forum, Vol. 28, N. 7, 2009, pp. 1755-1764. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8659.2009.01552.xDANA K.J., VAN GINNEKEN B., et al.. (1999): "Reflectance and texture of real-world surfaces", in ACM Transaction on Graphics, Vol. 18, N. 1, 1999, pp. 1-34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/300776.300778DE LUCA L., VERON P., FLORENZANO M. (2006): "Reverse engineering of architectural buildings based on a hybrid modeling approach", Computer & Graphics, Vol. 30, N. 2, pp. 160-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2006.01.020DEBEVEC P. et al. (2004): "Estimating surface reflectance properties of a complex scene under captured natural illumination", in USC ICT Technical Report ICT-TR, 06/2004.DELLEPIANE M., MARROQUIM R., et al. (2012): "Flow-Based Local Optimization for Image-to-Geometry Projection", in IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, Vol. 18, N. 3, 2012, pp. 463-474. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2011.75DELLEPIANE M., DELL'UNTO N., et al. (2013a): "Archeological excavation monitoring using dense stereo matching techniques", in Journal of Cultural Heritage, Vol. 14, N. 3, 2013, pp. 201-210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2012.01.011DELLEPIANE M., SCOPIGNO R. (2013b): "Global refinement of image-to-geometry registration for color projection", in DigitalHeritage 2013 Proceedings, 2013, Vol. 1, pp. 39-46.DXO (2014), http://www.dxo.com/intl/photography/dxo-optics-pro/EL-HAKIM S.F., BRENNER C., ROTH G. (1998): "A multi-sensor approach to creating accurate virtual environments", in ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Vol. 53, N. 6, pp. 379-391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0924-2716(98)00021-5EL-HAKIM S.F., BERALDIN J.-A., et al. (2004): "Detailed 3D reconstruction of large-scale heritage sites with integrated techniques", in Computer Graphics and Applications, Vol. 24, N. 3, 2004, pp. 21-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MCG.2004.1318815EL-HAKIM S.F., BERALDIN J.-A. (2007): "Sensor integration and visualization", in Fryer, Mitchell & Chandler (eds.), Applications of 3D Measurement from Images, Whittles Publishing, pp. 259-298.ENGLISH HERITAGE (2005): Metric Survey Specifications for English Heritage. English Heritage Report.ENGLISH HERITAGE (2011), 3D Laser Scanning for Heritage (second edition), English Heritage Publishing.FURUKAWA Y., PONCE J. (2010): "Accurate, dense, and robust multi-view stereopsis", in IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Vol. 32, N. 8, pp. 1362-1376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.2009.161GAIANI M., MICOLI L.L. (2005): "A framework to build and visualize 3D models from real world data for historical architecture and archaeology as a base for a 3D information system", in Forte M. (a cura di), The reconstruction of Archaeological Landscapes through Digital Technologies, BAR International series, 1379, pp. 103-125.GAIANI M., ROSSI M., RIZZI A. (2003): "Percezione delle immagini virtuali", in M. Gaiani (ed.), Metodi di Prototipazione Digitale e Visualizzazione per il Disegno Industriale, l'Architettura degli Interni e i Beni Culturali, Polidesign, Milano, 2003.GAIANI M., BENEDETTI B., REMONDINO F. (eds) (2010): Modelli digitali 3D in archeologia: il caso di Pompei, Edizioni della Normale, Pisa, 2010.GAŠPAROVIC M., MALARIC I. (2012): "Increase of readability and accuracy of 3D models using fusion of Close Range Photogrammetry and Laser Scanning", in ISPRS Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens., Vol. XXXIX-B5, pp. 93-98.GODIN G., BORGEAT L., et al. (2010): "Issues in Acquiring, Processing and Visualizing Large and Detailed 3D Models", in Information Sciences and Systems (CISS), 44th Annual Conference on, pp.1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ciss.2010.5464966GONIZZI BARSANTI S., MICOLI L.L., GUIDI G. (2013a): "Quick textured mesh generation for massive 3D digitization of museum artifacts", in DigitalHeritage 2013, Vol. 1, pp. 197-200.GONIZZI BARSANTI S., REMONDINO F., VISINTINI D. (2013b): "3D surveying and modeling of archaeological sites - some critical issues", in ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens., Vol. II-5/W1, 2013, pp. 145-150.GRUSSENMEYER P., LANDES T., et al. (2008): "Comparison methods of terrestrial laser scanning, photogrammetry and tacheometry data for recording of cultural heritage buildings", in ISPRS Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens., Vol. XXXVII/W5, pp. 213-218.GUARNIERI A., REMONDINO F., VETTORE A. (2006): "Digital photogrammetry and TLS data fusion applied to Cultural Heritage 3D modeling", in ISPRS Arch., Vol. XXXVI/W6, pp. 6.HAPPA J., BASHFORD-ROGERS T., et al. (2012): "Cultural Heritage Predictive Rendering", in Computer Graphics Forum, Vol. 31, N. 6, 2012, pp. 1823-1836. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8659.2012.02098.xHIRSCHMÜLLER H. (2005): "Accurate and efficient stereo processing by semi-global matching and mututal information", in CVPR 2005 proceedings, Vol. 2, pp. 807-814.HIRSCHMUELLER H. (2008): "Stereo processing by semi- global matching and mutual information", in IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 30, N. 2, pp. 328-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.2007.1166KARSIDAG G., ALKAN R.M. (2012): "Analysis of The Accuracy of Terrestrial Laser Scanning Measurements", in FIG Working Week 2012 - Knowing to manage the territory, protect the environment, evaluate the cultural heritage proceedings, TS07A - Laser Scanners I, 6097.KAWAKAMI R., IKEUCHI K., TAN R.T. (2005): "Consistent surface color for texturing large objects in outdoor scenes", in ICCV 2005 proceedings, Vol. 2, 2005, pp. 1200-1207.IMATEST (2014), http://www.imatest.com/homeIMAGENOMIC LLC (2012): Noiseware 5 Plug-In User's Guide, 2012INNOVMETRIC POLYWORKS (2014): http://www.innovmetric.com/polyworks/Surveying/LENSCH H.P.A., KAUTZ J., et al. (2003): "Image-based reconstruction of spatial appearance and geometric detail", in ACM Trans. Graph., Vol. 22, N. 2, 2003, pp. 234-257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/636886.636891LOWE D. (2004): "Distinctive image features from scale-invariant keypoints", in IJCV, Vol. 60, N. 2, 2004, pp. 91-110.MESHLAB (2014): http://meshlab.sourceforge.net/MUDGE M., SCHROER C., et al. (2010): "Principles and Practices of Robust, Photography based Digital Imaging Techniques for Museums", in VAST 2010 Proceedings, 2010, pp. 111-137.NICODEMUS F. (1965): "Directional reflectance and emissivity of an opaque surface", in Applied Optics, Vol. 4, N. 7, 1965, pp. 767-775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.4.000767OPENGL (2014): http://www.opengl.orgPASCALE D. (2006): "RGB coordinates of the Macbeth ColorChecker", in Technical report, The BabelColor Company, Jun 2006.PETROSYAN A., GHAZARYAN A. (2006): "Method and System for Digital Image Enhancement", in US Patent Application, #11/116, 408, 2006.PIERROT-DESEILLIGNY M., PAPARODITIS N. (2006): A multiresolution and optimization-based image matching approach: an application to surface reconstruction from SPOT5-HRS stereo imagery, in ISPRS Arch., Vol. XXXVI-1/W41.PIETRONI N., TARINI M., CIGNONI P. (2010): "Almost isometric mesh parameterization through abstract domains", in IEEE Trans. on Visualization and Computer Graphics, Vol. 16, N. 4, 2010, pp. 621-635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2009.96REINHARD E., ARIF KHAN E., OGUZ AKYÜZ A., JOHNSON G. (2008): Color Imaging Fundamentals and Applications, A. K. Peters, Wellesley.REMONDINO F., EL-HAKIM S. (2006): "Image-based 3D modelling: a review", in The Photogrammetric Record, Vol. 21, N.115, 2006, pp. 269-291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.2006.00383.xREMONDINO F., CAMPANA S., (eds.) (2014): 3D Recording and Modelling in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage, BAR International Series 2598, Archaeopress.REMONDINO F., GUARNIERI A., VETTORE A. (2005): "3D modeling of close-range objects: photogrammetry or laser scanning?", in Procceedings of Videometrics VIII, SPIE-IS&T Electronic Imaging, Vol. 5665, pp. 216-225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.586294REMONDINO F., EL-HAKIM S., et al. (2008a): "Development and performance analysis of image matching for detailed surface reconstruction of heritage objects", in IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, Vol. 25, N.4, pp. 55-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MSP.2008.923093REMONDINO F., EL-HAKIM S., GRUEN A., ZHANG L. (2008b): " Turning images into 3D models - Development and performance analysis of image matching for detailed surface reconstruction of heritage objects", in IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, Vol. 25, N.4, 2008, pp. 55-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MSP.2008.923093REMONDINO F., et al. (2012): "Low-Cost and Open-Source Solutions for Automated Image Orientation - A Critical Overview", in Euromed 2012 Proceedings, pp. 40-54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34234-9_5RUSHMEIER H., BERNARDINI F. (1999): "Computing consistent normals and colors from photometric data," in 3DIM 1999 proceedings, pp. 99-108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/im.1999.805339SANTOPUOLI N., SECCIA L. (2008): "Il rilievo del colore nel campo dei beni culturali", in Trattato di Restauro Architettonico, UTET, 2008, Vol. X, pp. 141-163.SCOPIGNO R., CALLIERI M., et al. (2011): "3D Models for Cultural Heritage: Beyond Plain Visualization", in Computer , Vol. 44, N. 7, pp. 48-55.SCHWARTZ C., WEINMANN M., RUITERS R., KLEIN R. (2011): "Integrated High-Quality Acquisition of Geometry and Appearance for Cultural Heritage", in VAST 2011 Proceedings, 2011, pp. 25-32.SEITZ S.M., et al. (2006): "A comparison and evaluation of multi-view stereo reconstruction algorithms", in CVPR Proceedings, Vol. 1, 2006, pp. 519-528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2006.19SINHA S.N., POLLEFEYS M. (2005): "Multi-view reconstruction using photo-consistency and exact silhouette constraints: a maximum-flow formulation", in Proc. 10th ICCV, pp. 349-356. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2005.159STAMOS I., LIU L., et al. (2008): "Integrating automated range registration with multiview geometry for the photorealistic modelling of large-scale scenes", in International Journal of Computer Vision Vol. 78, N. 2-3, pp. 237-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11263-007-0089-1STUMPFEL J., TCHOU C., et al. (2003): "Digital reunification of the Parthenon and its sculptures", in Proceedings of Virtual Reality, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage (VAST) 2003, pp. 41-50.TOMASI C., KANADE T. (1992): "Shape and motion from image streams under orthography - a factorization method", in IJCV, Vol. 9, N. 2, 1992, pp. 137-154.TROCCOLI A., ALLEN P.K. (2005): "Relighting acquired models of outdoor scenes", in 3DIM 2005 proceedings, pp. 245-252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3dim.2005.69VOSSELMAN G., MAAS H. (2010): Airborne and Terrestrial Laser Scanning, CRC Press.VOGIATZIS G., HERNANDEZ C., et al. (2007): "Multi-view stereo via volumetric graph-cuts and occlusion robust photo-consistency", in IEEE Trans. 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(2005): "Automatic Digital Surface Model (DSM) generation from linear array images", Ph.D. Thesis, Institute of Geodesy and Photogrammetry, ETH Zurich, Switzerland.ZHAO X., ZHOU Z., WU W. (2012): "Radiance-based color calibration for image-based modeling with multiple cameras", in Science China Information Sciences, Vol. 55, N. 7, 2012, pp. 1509-1519

3D MODELING AND DATA ENRICHMENT IN DIGITAL RECONSTRUCTION OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE

The paper presents some experiments carried out as part of the virtual reconstruction of buildings just documented by partial sketches, or partially built, or no more existing, with the aim (a) to emphasize the use of a semantic construction of the digital model, not only as a means to modeling a building but as a cognitive system, (b) to show conceptual similarity between the treaties and BIM, (c) to propose new and more robust solutions to the 3D modeling from 2D drawings for CH artifacts, able to allow the verification of the assumptions used during the reconstruction pipeline, (d) to make use of interactive technical reference, typically real-time photorealistic rendering, for the visualization of three-dimensional model and of variants snapshots, managed by an iconic for illustrating the method of comparison and guided reading of model's characters of the steps taken

A estrutura do design para Objetos Culturais Inteligentes

Nowadays cities, as well as Cultural Heritage, are facing new challenges due to the public financial straits and the increasing need to deliver innovative service to manage a wide heritage. Great expectations are in put the Smart City paradigm relying on the capability of the city to realize and scale up intangible infrastructures based on new typologies of partnerships for the development of services. The paper presents a design framework aimed to transform Cultural Items in Smart Cultural Objects (SCO), meant as sources and recipients of advanced information applied on ‘Widespread Built Cultural Heritage’. The aim has been not just to enhance the artifacts with their own quality, but their unique social, communal, anthropological and urban-infrastructural meaning. The ability to manage efficiently heterogeneous data and the levels of global connectivity, as well as the real-time interaction, perception, localization, communication, and identification, made possible by cloud computing and Internet of Things, to allow the changeover from Cultural Objects to SCO. The framework, here exposed, aims to provide an extensive and robust theoretical support to design and to manage the processes of Cultural Objects and Cultural bins, implementing a methodological system and an advanced environment based on ICT technologies for recording, storage, processing, access and presentation of Cultural Heritage (CH) data in a Smart Management environment. The framework has been applied in two projects for a prototypical case study of widespread urban CH.Keywords: cultural heritage, human smart city, co-design, internet of things, heritage management and communication.Atualmente, cidades, bem como o patrimônio cultural, estão enfrentando novos desafios devido às dificuldades financeiras públicas e à crescente necessidade de oferecer um serviço inovador para gerenciar uma grande herança. Grandes expectativas utilizam o modelo Smart City contando com a capacidade de a cidade realizar e ampliar as infraestruturas intangíveis baseadas em novas tipologias de parcerias para o desenvolvimento de serviços. O artigo apresenta uma estrutura de projeto com o objetivo de transformar os itens culturais em Objetos Culturais Inteligentes (OCIs), destinado a fontes e destinatários da informação avançada aplicada sobre “Património Cultural construída generalizada”. O objetivo é não apenas melhorar os artefatos com a sua própria qualidade, mas também o seu significado social, comunal, antropológico e urbano-de infraestrutura única. A capacidade de gerenciar de forma eficiente dados heterogêneos e os níveis de conectividade global, bem como a interação em tempo real, percepção, localização, comunicação e identificação, possibilitadas pela computação em nuvem e Internet das Coisas, permite a passagem de bens culturais para OCIs. A estrutura, aqui exposta, visa proporcionar um extenso e robusto suporte teórico para projetar e gerenciar os processos de bens culturais e caixas Culturais, implementando um sistema metodológico e um ambiente avançado com base em TIC para gravação, armazenamento, tratamento, acesso e apresentação do Patrimônio Cultural (PC) de dados em um ambiente de Gestão Inteligente. A estrutura foi aplicada em dois projetos para um estudo de caso prototípico de PC urbano generalizado.Palavras-chave: patrimônio cultural, Smart City humanizada, co-design, internet das coisas, gestão de patrimônio e comunicação

Penile intraepithelial carcinoma treated with imiquimod 1% in an HIV-positive patient

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THE PALLADIOLIBRARY GEO-MODELS: AN OPEN 3D ARCHIVE TO MANAGE AND VISUALIZE INFORMATION-COMMUNICATION RESOURCES ABOUT PALLADIO

Abstract. The paper describes objectives, methods, procedures and outcomes of the development of the digital archive of Palladio works and documentation: the PALLADIOLibrary of Centro Internazionale di Studi di Architettura Andrea Palladio di Vicenza (CISAAP). The core of the application consists of fifty-one reality-based 3D models usable and navigable within a system grounded on GoogleEarth. This information system, a collaboration of four universities bearers of specific skills returns a comprehensive, structured and coherent semantic interpretation of Palladian landscape through shapes realistically reconstructed from historical sources and surveys and treated for GE with Ambient Occlusion techniques, overcoming the traditional display mode

Una metodología inteligente para la digitalización de colecciones museísticas

[ES] El documento describe una metodología que cubre los procedimientos de levantamiento y las aplicaciones informáticas con el objetivo de convertir herramientas generalistas (teléfonos inteligentes) en dispositivos de adquisición rigurosa de BIC almacenados en los museos. Dos problemas diferentes se enfrentan: a) como las caracteristicas de dichos objetos a escala micro/meso afectan su documentación; b) desarrollo de una solución multipropósito para una adquisición de bajo costo y fácil de usar para digitalizar y visualizar artefactos BIC. Se presenta un procedimiento basado en un kit de adquisición digital destinado a lograr modelos y texturas confiables, así como representaciones de color precisas. Se han seleccionado varios objetos para probar la coherencia y flexibilidad de los métodos y técnicas propuestos, y los resultados se comparan con los de las técnicas de adquisición estándar.[EN] The paper describes methods and techniques covering both surveying procedures and computer applications aiming to convert widespread tools as smartphones into reliable ranging devices in the field of Cultural Heritage (CH) museums small object. Two different issues are faced: a) how different features affect the documentation of micro-/meso-scale objects displayed in exhibitions; b) development of a multipurpose solution for a lowcost and easy-to-use acquisition to digitize and visualize these objects. A procedure based on a surveying kit aimed at achieving reliable models and textures, as well as accurate color renderings is presented. Several objects have been selected to test the consistency and flexibility of the proposed methods and techniques and results are compared with those from standard acquisition techniques.Gaiani, M.; Apollonio, FI.; Fantini, F. (2020). A comprehensive smart methodology for museum collection digitization. EGA Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica. 25(38):170-181. https://doi.org/10.4995/ega.2020.12281OJS1701812538APOLLONIO, F.I., GAIANI, M., BASILISSI, W., RIVAROLI, L., 2017. Photogrammetry driven tools to support the restoration of open-air bronze surfaces of sculptures: an integrated solution starting from the experience of the Neptune Fountain in Bologna. ISPRS, XLII-2/W3, pp. 47-54. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W3-47-2017BERTOLLINI, M., CARAMIS, A., D'ELIA, M., PRISCO, M.R., TALICE, S., 2018. La valorizzazione del patrimonio museale: i percorsi museali 2015. https://www.slideshare.net/slideistat/ (10 March 2019).CABEZOS BERNAL, P., ROSSI, A., 2017. Técnicas de musealización virtual. Los capiteles del Monasterio de San Cugat. EGA, 29, pp. 48-57. https://doi.org/10.4995/ega.2017.7340GAIANI, M., BALLABENI, A., 2018. SHAFT (SAT & HUE Adaptive Fine Tuning), a new automated solution for target-based colour correction. Colour and Colorimetry. Multidisciplinary Contributions, XIVB, pp. 69-80.GAIANI, M. (ed.), 2015. I portici di Bologna Architettura, Modelli 3D e ricerche tecnologiche, Bologna.GARCIA‐CODOÑER, A., LLOPIS VERDÚ, J., TORRES BARCHINO, A., VILLAPLANA GUILLÉN, R., SERRA LLUCH, J., 2009. Colour as a Structural Variable of Historical Urban Form. Color Research and Application, 34, pp. 253-265. https://doi.org/10.1002/col.20491GARCÍA-LEÓN, J., SÁNCHEZ-ALLEGUE, P., PEÑA-VELASCO, C., CIPRIANI, L., FANTINI, F., 2018. Interactive dissemination of the 3D model of a baroque altarpiece: a pipeline from digital survey to game engines. SCIRES-IT, 8(2), pp. 59-76.HABEKOST, M., 2013. Which colour differencing equation should be used?. International Circular of Graphic Education and Research, 6, pp. 20-33.ISO/CIE 11664-6 (2014). Colourimetry - Part 6: CIEDE2000 Colour-Difference Formula.LOWE, D.G., 2004, Distinctive Image Features from Scale-Invariant Keypoints". International Journal of Computer Vision, 60 (2), pp. 91-110. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:VISI.0000029664.99615.94MOKRZYCKI, W.S., TATOL, M., 2011. Colour difference Delta E - A survey. Machine graphics and vision, 20(4), 383-412.NOCERINO, E., LAGO, F., MORABITO, D., REMONDINO, F., PORZI, L., POIESI, F., ROTA BULO, S., CHIPPENDALE, P., LOCHER, A., HAVLENA, M., VAN GOOL, L., EDER, M., FÖTSCHL, A., HILSMANN, A., KAUSCH, L., EISERT, P., 2017. A smartphone-based 3D pipeline for the creative industry - The REPLICATE EU Project. ISPRS, XLII-2/W3, 535-541. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W3-535-2017OTTANI CAVINA, A. (ed.), 1988. Palazzo Poggi da dimora aristocratica a sede dell'Università di Bologna Bologna: Nuova Alfa.REINHARD, E., KHAN, E.A., AKYUZ, A.O., JOHNSON, G., 2008. Colour Imaging: Fundamentals and Applications. New York: A K Peters. https://doi.org/10.1201/b10637RODRIGUEZ NAVARRO, P., 2012. La fotogrametría digital automatizada frente a los sistemas basados en sensores 3d activos. EGA, 20, pp. 100-111. https://doi.org/10.4995/ega.2012.1408RUSSO, M., 2012. Integrated Reverse Modeling Techniques for the Survey of Complex Shapes in Industrial Design. In J. Apolinar Munoz Rodriguez (ed.), Laser Scanner Technology. Shanghai. https://doi.org/10.5772/35140SHARMA, G., WU, W., DALAL, E.N., 2005. The CIEDE2000 Color-difference formula: implementation notes, supplementary test data and mathematical observations. Color Research and Application, 30(1), pp. 21-30. https://doi.org/10.1002/col.2007

A estrutura do design para Objetos Culturais Inteligentes

Nowadays cities, as well as Cultural Heritage, are facing new challenges due to the public financial straits and the increasing need to deliver innovative service to manage a wide heritage. Great expectations are in put the Smart City paradigm relying on the capability of the city to realize and scale up intangible infrastructures based on new typologies of partnerships for the development of services. The paper presents a design framework aimed to transform Cultural Items in Smart Cultural Objects (SCO), meant as sources and recipients of advanced information applied on ‘Widespread Built Cultural Heritage’. The aim has been not just to enhance the artifacts with their own quality, but their unique social, communal, anthropological and urban-infrastructural meaning. The ability to manage efficiently heterogeneous data and the levels of global connectivity, as well as the real-time interaction, perception, localization, communication, and identification, made possible by cloud computing and Internet of Things, to allow the changeover from Cultural Objects to SCO. The framework, here exposed, aims to provide an extensive and robust theoretical support to design and to manage the processes of Cultural Objects and Cultural bins, implementing a methodological system and an advanced environment based on ICT technologies for recording, storage, processing, access and presentation of Cultural Heritage (CH) data in a Smart Management environment. The framework has been applied in two projects for a prototypical case study of widespread urban CH.Keywords: cultural heritage, human smart city, co-design, internet of things, heritage management and communication.Atualmente, cidades, bem como o patrimônio cultural, estão enfrentando novos desafios devido às dificuldades financeiras públicas e à crescente necessidade de oferecer um serviço inovador para gerenciar uma grande herança. Grandes expectativas utilizam o modelo Smart City contando com a capacidade de a cidade realizar e ampliar as infraestruturas intangíveis baseadas em novas tipologias de parcerias para o desenvolvimento de serviços. O artigo apresenta uma estrutura de projeto com o objetivo de transformar os itens culturais em Objetos Culturais Inteligentes (OCIs), destinado a fontes e destinatários da informação avançada aplicada sobre “Património Cultural construída generalizada”. O objetivo é não apenas melhorar os artefatos com a sua própria qualidade, mas também o seu significado social, comunal, antropológico e urbano-de infraestrutura única. A capacidade de gerenciar de forma eficiente dados heterogêneos e os níveis de conectividade global, bem como a interação em tempo real, percepção, localização, comunicação e identificação, possibilitadas pela computação em nuvem e Internet das Coisas, permite a passagem de bens culturais para OCIs. A estrutura, aqui exposta, visa proporcionar um extenso e robusto suporte teórico para projetar e gerenciar os processos de bens culturais e caixas Culturais, implementando um sistema metodológico e um ambiente avançado com base em TIC para gravação, armazenamento, tratamento, acesso e apresentação do Patrimônio Cultural (PC) de dados em um ambiente de Gestão Inteligente. A estrutura foi aplicada em dois projetos para um estudo de caso prototípico de PC urbano generalizado.Palavras-chave: patrimônio cultural, Smart City humanizada, co-design, internet das coisas, gestão de patrimônio e comunicação

Bouveret syndrome in a cholecystoduodenal fistula

The treatment of Bouveret syndrome lacks specific guidelines and is strictly interdisciplinary. Especially, if electrohydraulic lithotripsy is not available and endoscopic removal fails, a timely surgical approach is advised