Primeros registros para Portugal del inductor de agallas foliares Cystiphora sonchi (Vallot, 1827) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) y algunas notas sobre su distribución en la Península Ibérica

One frequent limitation in zoology and ecology studies is that the current spatial distribution of several species is only partially assessed, based on museum or amateurs’ records, underestimating the real distribution of the species. Although this limitation could be partially solved by different tools (e.g., species distribution models), the correct functioning of many of such tools is related to the number of occurrences, requiring a minimum number of occurrences to be correctly validated. The genus Cystiphora Kieffer, 1892 (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) has three species in the Iberian Peninsula and is mainly characterized by the induction of galls in species of sow-thistle (Sonchus spp.); this genus has an added value since some species are used as biocontrol against invasive sow-thistles in the Nearctic and Australasian regions. However, little is known about its actual distribution in Iberia. Cystiphora sonchi (Vallot, 1827) is a Palearctic species whose presence in Iberia Peninsula was until now restricted to four records in the East of Peninsula and in the Balearic Islands. We found three new populations of this species in Coimbra, central Portugal, adding a new species to the Portuguese fauna. Additionally, in order to complete as much as possible its current spatial distribution, a methodical search was carried in different Biodiversity Databases. These two approaches, expanded the distribution area of C. sonchi in the Iberian Peninsula, with five new occurrences (three for Portugal, one for Galicia and one for Andalusia) and establishing a new west limit in the current distribution of C. sonchi in the Palearctic region.Un problema habitual en los estudios de zoología y ecología es la evaluación parcial de la distribución espacial actual de muchas especies, pues subestima su distribución real al estar basada en los registros de naturalistas y de museos. Aunque esta limitación puede ser parcialmente resuelta por medio de diferentes herramientas (p.e. modelos de distribución de especies), el correcto funcionamiento de dichas herramientas está condicionado por el número de localizaciones disponibles, necesitando además de un número mínimo de ellas para que los modelos puedan ser validados. El género Cystiphora Kieffer, 1892 (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), con tres especies en la Península Ibérica, está caracterizado principalmente por la formación de agallas en las especies de cerrajas (Sonchus spp.); sin embargo, poco se sabe acerca de su distribución actual en Iberia. Además, como valor añadido, varias de las especies que pertenecen a este género son utilizadas como agentes de lucha de control biológico contra las cerrajas invasoras en las regiones del Neártico y de Australasia. Cystiphora sonchi (Vallot, 1827) es una especie paleártica cuya presencia en la Península Ibérica estaba restringida hasta hoy a cuatro citas en el Este de la Península y en las Islas Baleares. Se encontraron tres nuevas poblaciones de esta especie en Coimbra (Portugal centro), añadiendo una nueva especie a la fauna portuguesa. Además, con el objetivo de completar lo máximo posible su distribución, se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en diferentes bases de datos de biodiversidad. Con esos dos enfoques, se estableció un nuevo límite occidental del área de distribución de C. sonchi y se expandió su área de distribución actual en la Península Ibérica con cinco nuevos registros (tres para Portugal, uno para Galicia y uno para Andalucía)

Determinants of Skills Shortages and Hard-to-Fill Vacancies in the Hospitality Sector

The aim of this paper is to analyse the regional determinants of hard-to-fill vacancies and skills shortages in the hospitality sector. The data source for this study was generated in the year 2000 and includes information on 181 hotels and 121 restaurants in Andalusia. The results of the estimations show that hourly net wages are the main instrument firms use to reduce hard-to-fill vacancies and skills shortages. However, there are several factors affecting the conditions of local labour markets — such as unemployment rates, the level of business activity, real estate prices and the location of the firm in relation to the main regional tourism destinations — that have a significant effect on the probability of having hard-to-fill vacancies and skills shortages.

Nuevas perspectivas y retos investigadores : la recuperación de las voces místicas femeninas

Esta ponencia ofrece un ejemplo de los trabajos dedicados a la recuperación de las voces femeninas. Para ello, expondré mi experiencia como editora en la wiki del proyecto I+D: “La conformación de la autoridad espiritual femenina en Castilla”, destinado a la difusión de textos de religiosas de los siglos XV-XVI, que tuvieron fama de santidad durante su vida, presentando su objeto, objetivos y metodología. Partiendo de mi ejercicio, esta propuesta pone en contexto la pertinencia de estos proyectos, en un momento en el que los estudios sobre la mujer pasan por hacer una revisión crítica de la Historia, y en referirme específicamente a la importancia de los materiales primarios en ellos, que han generado una corriente de digitalización a escala global y el resurgir de la ecdótica. Retos propios de la comunidad investigadora actual, consciente de la necesidad de un intachable rigor científico, para evitar la adulteración del mensaje.This lecture exposes an example of the works that recovers the female voices. For this purpose, I will describe my personal experience as editor of the wiki linked with the R & D project “La conformación de la autoridad espiritual femenina en Castilla”, aimed to promote texts about religious women who had fame of sanctity during their life, on the 15 -16 centuries, explaning the object, objectives and metodology of the catalogue. From this starting point, the proposal puts in context the remarkability of these projects, when the women’ studies consist on History critial reviews. Moreover, I will refer specifically to the impact of the primary materials contained in them, which have generated a digitalization current world wide and the resurgence of ecdotics discipline. All of them are the challenges for the current scientific community, who needs an impeccable scientific rigour, in order to avoid the adulteration of the message

Returns to overeducation and undereducation: evidence for the hospitality sector in Andalusia

The objetive of this piece of work is to estimate the returns to overeducation and infraeducation for those people who are working in the hospitality sector in Andalusia. Using a cross-section of workers from a representative survey carried out with European funds (project IFD97-0858), we compare educational attainment of workers and job-required education (reported by workers and managers) in order to obtain a general especification of the earnings function from allocation models of the labor market. These models contain the human capital specification and the job competition specification as special cases. The results show as an earnings especification that includes the possibility of mismatch between educational attainment and requirement is superior to one that only incorporates one or other of the two sides of the matching process. When we use the opinions of workers (managers) about educational requirements, the rate of return to years of adecuate education is 3,27% (3,64%). The rate of returns to overeducation is 1,4% (1,93%) and the penalty for each year of undereducation is 1,81% (2,25%) reduction in wages.

El mar como fuente de nuevos fármacos

Se describe el proceso de descubrimiento y desarrollo de nuevos fármacos por la empresa PharmaMar a partir de productos naturales de origen marino aislados de organismos de muy diversos tipos. Para ello, se describe el proceso del desarrollo del agente antitumoral Yondelis y algunos otros fármacos actualmente en fase de desarrollo como aplidinaUniversidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Relationship between grammatical and pragmatic competence in EFL of Spanish learners through a computer adaptive test

[EN] The work at hand is part of a wider study by Marchante (2015), the objective of which was to study the way pragmatics assessment is approached in the Oxford Online Placement Test (OOPT) which is, currently, one of the most profusely administered computer adaptive tests (CAT). This paper aims, now, to find out the degree of difficulty of the pragmatic items in the OOPT and how much importance is given to pragmatic competence in this test. Furthermore, we analyze the relationship between grammatical and pragmatic competence in EFL of a group of Spanish undergraduate students, who took this test. To this end, a descriptive analysis and a multiple linear regression analysis was carried out. The results showed that the quality of the pragmatic items in the OOPT could be improved. Also, we have found that the pragmatic items were somehow related to the student¿s final score but not so much as other items of the test, such as those related to grammar and reading comprehension. Additionally, the results indicated that there was no correlation between the grammatical and the pragmatic competence of this group of students. KEYWORDS: pragmatics; English as a foreign language (EFL); computer adaptive testMartín Marchante, B. (2021). Relationship between grammatical and pragmatic competence in EFL of Spanish learners through a computer adaptive test. Research in Education and Learning Innovation Archives. (26):18-34. https://doi.org/10.7203/realia.26.1769418342

L´Inganno Fortunato, overo l´Amata aborrita de Brigida Bianchi e la sua fonte spagnola.

Sin resume

Quantum Error Correction - Decoders

Error correction is used to correct any errors that may arise when sending any message, as errors are prone to appear due to noise. For classical codes, there are many decoders used, for example, belief propagation. Unfortunately, these classical decoders are less efficient for quantum codes. A proposed remedy to improve the decoders efficiency is to use a neural network for decoding. In this thesis, we will implement belief propagation on the toric code and check its efficiency. We will see that for few errors, belief propagation works, but it fails for other cases. We also introduce the modifications needed for neural belief propagation, a modification of the original algorithm that integrates a neural network on the algorithm structure