An annotated catalogue of Echinodermata types in the Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil

 The types of nominal species of Echinodermata in the collection of the Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo are catalogued: Holothuroidea (19 species – 16 holotypes, 1 paratype and 2 neotypes) and Ophiuroidea (4 species – 1 neotype and 3 paratypes). Photographs of all the type specimens are given. A brief account of the history of the MZUSP’s echinoderm collections is presented

A new species of Exogone Ørsted, 1845 (Annelida: Syllidae: Exogoninae) from Brazilian waters

We describe herein a new species of the abundant polychaete family Syllidae, Exogone brasiliensis sp. nov. The new species is characterized by a peculiar morphology of anterior body falcigers, with shafts and blades modified specially in chaetigers 1 and 2; falcigers until chaetiger 5 different from those of the rest of the body; and dorsal simple chaetae from midbody onwards unique in the genus, nearly straight, subdistally swollen in one side only, distally rounded. Exogone brasiliensis sp. nov. is described based on detailed morphological analyses under optical and scanning electron microscopes, and compared to its most similar congeners

On the Diversity of Phyllodocida (Annelida: Errantia), with a Focus on Glyceridae, Goniadidae, Nephtyidae, Polynoidae, Sphaerodoridae, Syllidae, and the Holoplanktonic Families

Este artículo contiene 65 páginas, 26 figuras, 1 tabla.Phyllodocida is a clade of errantiate annelids characterized by having ventral sensory palps, anterior enlarged cirri, axial muscular proboscis, compound chaetae (if present) with a single ligament, and of lacking dorsolateral folds. Members of most families date back to the Carboniferous, although the earliest fossil was dated from the Devonian. Phyllodocida holds 27 well-established and morphologically homogenous clades ranked as families, gathering more than 4600 currently accepted nominal species. Among them, Syllidae and Polynoidae are the most specious polychaete groups. Species of Phyllodocida are mainly found in the marine benthos, although a few inhabit freshwater, terrestrial and planktonic environments, and occur from intertidal to deep waters in all oceans. In this review, we (1) explore the current knowledge on species diversity trends (based on traditional species concept and molecular data), phylogeny, ecology, and geographic distribution for the whole group, (2) try to identify the main knowledge gaps, and (3) focus on selected families: Alciopidae, Goniadidae, Glyceridae, Iospilidae, Lopadorrhynchidae, Polynoidae, Pontodoridae, Nephtyidae, Sphaerodoridae, Syllidae, Tomopteridae, Typhloscolecidae, and Yndolaciidae. The highest species richness is concentrated in European, North American, and Australian continental shelves (reflecting a strong sampling bias). While most data come from shallow coastal and surface environments most world oceans are clearly under-studied. The overall trends indicate that new descriptions are constantly added through time and that less than 10% of the known species have molecular barcode information availableWe acknowledge support of the publication fees by the CSIC Open Access Publication Support Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI) and the Open Access Publication Funds of the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen. This research was funded by the Spanish “Agencia Estatal de Investigación” (AEI) and the European Funds for Regional Development (FEDER), Research Project PopCOmics (CTM2017-88080) to DM; the Russian Scientific Foundation for Basic Research, grant no. RFBR 18-05-00459 to TAB; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), contract foreseen in the Decree-Law 57/2016 (Nrs 4-6, art. 23), changed by Law 57/2017 to AR and FCT/MCTES to CESAM (UIDP/50017/2020+UIDB/50017/2020) through national funds; São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), fellowship proc. 2007/53040-9 to MVF; Spanish MINECO, AEI, Comunidad Autónoma de las Islas Baleares, European Social Funds and Ramón y Cajal program, RYC-2016-20799 to MC; FCT and ESF (SFRH/BD/131527/2017) through a PhD grant to MALT.Peer reviewe

Contribution to the taxonomic knowledge of the syllids (Polychaeta: Syllidae) from southeastern-southern Brazil

Syllidae Grube, 1850 é uma das maiores famílias de poliquetas, caracterizada por apresentar animais errantes de corpos relativamente pequenos, com segmentação homônoma e parapódios unirremes internamente sustentados por acículas, excepcionalmente adquirindo condição birreme nas formas epítocas; associado à porção posterior da faringe, o proventrículo, estrutura muscular em forma de barril que pode ser facilmente visualizado por transparência através da superfície do corpo, é uma das sinapomorfias da família. O grupo destaca-se pela variedade de estratégias reprodutivas, com representantes apresentando, em geral, o fenômeno da epitoquia, mas também sendo encontradas incubação externa de ovos, viviparidade, partenogênese e arquitomia. Syllidae conta atualmente com 5 subfamílias, Syllinae Grube, 1850, Autolytinae Langerhans, 1879, Exogoninae Langerhans, 1879, Eusyllinae Malaquin, 1893, e Anoplosyllinae Aguado & San Martín, 2009, divididas de acordo com a morfologia dos palpos, antenas, cirros peristomiais e cirros dorsais ao longo do corpo, além do formato da faringe e proventrículo. Apesar de ser uma das famílias mais abundantes e diversificadas dentre todos os Polychaeta, o estado do conhecimento da fauna de silídeos ocorrendo ao longo do litoral brasileiro ainda é bastante pobre. Até o momento, foram registrados apenas 25 gêneros e 84 espécies para a costa brasileira, o que é relativamente pouco em comparação com outras regiões onde a fauna de silídeos é melhor conhecida, como a Península Ibérica, por exemplo. A presente Tese consiste em um estudo taxonômico dos Syllidae da região sudeste/sul do Brasil, a partir de material coletado por três projetos independentes: REVIZEE/Score Sul/Bentos Marinho, BIOTA/FAPESP/Biodiversidade Bêntica Marinha no Estado de São Paulo, e Biodiversidade de Anelídeos Poliquetas em Costões Rochosos ao Longo do Estado de São Paulo. As identificações foram feitas com base em caracteres morfológicos, utilizando microscópio óptico e, em alguns casos, microscópio eletrônico de varredura (MEV), com o auxílio de bibliografia especializada e atualizada. No caso de algumas espécies, foram feitas comparações com material-tipo e espécimes coletados em outras localidades. Para as ilustrações, foram utilizadas câmaras-clara e fotográfica digital acopladas ao microscópio óptico, além de MEV. Neste estudo, foram analisados 10299 espécimes, pertencentes a 24 gêneros e 83 espécies, das quais 40 táxons são novas ocorrências para a costa brasileira e 15 tratam-se de espécies novas para a ciência.Syllidae Grube, 1850, is one of the largest polychaete families, comprehending relatively small-bodied errant animals, with homonomous segmentation and uniramous parapodia internally sustained by aciculae, exceptionally biramous in epitokous forms; located at the posterior part of the pharynx, the proventricle, a barrel-shaped muscular structure easily seen by transparency through the body wall, is one of the synapomorphies of the family. The group is notorious by the diversity of reproductive strategies, with representatives usually presenting the phenomena of epitoky, but external brooding of eggs, viviparity, parthenogenesis and architomy are all also found among syllids. Syllidae currently consists on 5 sub-families, Syllinae Grube, 1850, Autolytinae Langerhans, 1879, Exogoninae Langerhans, 1879, Eusyllinae Malaquin, 1893, and Anoplosyllinae Aguado & San Martín, 2009, defined by the morphology of the palps, antennae, peristomial and dorsal cirri, and by the shape of the pharynx and proventricle. Despite being one of the most abundant and diverse families of Polychaeta, the state of knowledge of the syllid fauna occurring off the Brazilian coast is still poor. Up to the present, only 25 genera and 84 species have been registered for the area, which is a relatively low number compared to regions where the syllid fauna has been more extensively investigated, as the Iberian Peninsula, for example. The present Thesis is a taxonomic study of the Syllidae from the southeasternsouthern coast off Brazil, based on material collected by three independent projects: REVIZEE/Score Sul/Bentos Marinho, BIOTA/FAPESP/Benthic Marine Biodiversity in the State of São Paulo, and Biodiversity of Intertidal Polychaetes (Annelida: Polychaeta) on Rocky Shores off the State of São Paulo. Identifications were based on morphological characters seen under compound light microscope and, in some cases, scanning electron microscope (SEM), with the aid of specialized and updated scientific literature. For some species, comparisons were made with type-material and specimens from other localities. Illustrations were done with the aid of drawing tubes and/or digital camera attached to the microscope, in addition to the SEM images, when available. Material examined consists of 10299 specimens, belonging to 24 genera and 83 species, of which 40 taxa are new occurrences for the Brazilian coast, and 15 species are new to science

Aspectos reprodutivos de Syllidae (Annelida, “Polychaeta”)

Quando se trata da reprodução, perpetuação da espécie, a evolução dos animais encontrou diversas maneiras de executar este processo, considerado frequentemente como um dos critérios para classificar um ser como “vivo”. Neste quesito, encontramos em Syllidae, uma das maiores famílias de poliquetas, uma gama bastante grande de estratégias, com processos em comum com outros poliquetas e mesmo outros invertebrados, além de certas particularidades

Two new sponge-associated Branchiosyllis (Annelida: Syllidae: Syllinae) from Northeastern Brazil

Nascimento, Rodolfo Leandro, Fukuda, Marcelo Veronesi, Paiva, Paulo Cesar De (2019): Two new sponge-associated Branchiosyllis (Annelida: Syllidae: Syllinae) from Northeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 4568 (2): 307-322, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4568.2.

Two new ‘incertae sedis’ syllids (Annelida: Syllidae) from Brazilian oceanic islands

Oceanic islands harbor a unique and distinct fauna and flora, usually isolated by distance and the deep sea, making them fascinating environments to study. Despite their importance, taxonomic accounts from Brazilian oceanic islands have only recently begun to focus on important groups such as the Syllidae family. In this article, we present detailed descriptions and illustrations of two new species, Brevicirrosyllis paulolanai sp. nov. from Trindade Islands, and Westheidesyllis splendida sp. nov. from Rocas Atoll. These two species belong to genera currently of uncertain affinities within the family, in both cases previously included in the Eusyllinae subfamily. Moreover, we provide updated identification keys for both genera to facilitate their future identification

The genus Exogone (Polychaeta: Syllidae) from the Brazilian coast, with the description of a new species

Paresque, Karla, Fukuda, Marcelo Veronesi, Nogueira, João Miguel De Matos (2014): The genus Exogone (Polychaeta: Syllidae) from the Brazilian coast, with the description of a new species. Zootaxa 3790 (4): 501-533, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3790.4.

FIGURE 3 in Two new sponge-associated Branchiosyllis (Annelida: Syllidae: Syllinae) from Northeastern Brazil

FIGURE 3. Branchiosyllis belchiori sp. nov. A, anterior body, dorsal view; B, anterior parapodium, dorsal view; C, midbody parapodium, lateral view; D, E, F, ungulae, anterior, mid-, and posterior body, respectively; G, H, I, aciculae, anterior, mid-, and posterior body, respectively. Scale bars: A, 0.28 mm; B and C, 28 µm; D–I, 10 µm

FIGURE 1. Map showing collection localities. A in Two new sponge-associated Branchiosyllis (Annelida: Syllidae: Syllinae) from Northeastern Brazil

FIGURE 1. Map showing collection localities. A, the two oceanic islands and a coastal region in Northeastern Brazil; B, Fernando de Noronha Island, 1: Buraco da Raquel; C, Rocas Atoll, 2 and 3: Canal da Barretinha and Piscina das Tartarugas, respectively; D, Todos os Santos Bay, 4: Ilha dos Frades. Colors of numbers and circles are just for a better view