Method AHP to Flood Risk Map Approach

The phenomenon of flooding is a natural event, given by the extravasation of water to the river bed. The main objective of this study was the analysis of susceptibility to flooding of the basin of Uraim River in the municipality of Paragominas Pará state based on the physical characteristics and morphometric basin. It used the Analysis method Hierarchical method for generating gas order susceptibility map of the basin. The AHP technique used to determine map algebra contributed to the analysis of the susceptibility to floods and was effective because it reduces and simplifies the proposed problem, which minimizes the errors of judgment during the process

Analysis of Mercury Grouping in Soil in the Foz of the Tapajós River, Amazonia-Brazil

The region of Santarém, in the state of Pará, was chosen to carry out this research because it is at the center of discussions of mercury contamination in the Amazon. The objective of this paper is the analysis of Hg and Methyl-Hg speciation in soil. The methodological procedures to determine the total mercury and methylHg were carried out by means of samples, which were submitted to acid digestion and determinations of Hg performed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry with cold vapor generation. The evaluation of the concentrations of mercury in the sampled and depth points was performed with the aid of cluster analysis, using the Hierarchical clustering method. The results obtained indicate that the total mercury in soil showed very high values in the analysis of total mercury with granulometry for fine fraction and gross fraction, indicating an urgent mobilization and political action in the municipal, state and federal spheres regarding the exposure of the environment environment to the mercury detected

Cattle tick fever in the semiarid region of the Brazilian state of Paraiba

Descrevem-se 24 surtos de tristeza parasitária bovina no sertão paraibano, sendo 18 de anaplasmose por Anaplasma margimale, dois de babesiose por Babesia bigemina, dois por Babesia não identificada e dois por infecção mista de A. marginale e Babesia sp. Os surtos ocorreram entre agosto de 2007 a outubro de 2009, porém, com uma concentração dos surtos no final do período chuvoso e início do período seco de cada ano, sendo 22 em animais adultos e dois em bezerros de aproximadamente 11 meses. Dois surtos ocorreram em bovinos da raça Nelore, um em animais da raça Gir e os 21 restantes ocorreram em animais das raças Holandês, Pardo Suiço e mestiços das mesmas com zebuínos. Conclui-se que no sertão da Paraíba há áreas de instabilidade enzoótica, ocorrendo surtos de tristeza no final da época de chuvas, principalmente nas áreas de planaltos e serras da região da Borborema e em áreas úmidas como a Bacia do Rio do Peixe, Rio Piranhas e Rio Espinharas em que há a formação de microclimas favoráveis à sobrevivência do carrapato.Twenty four outbreaks of cattle tick fever are reported in the semiarid region of Paraiba known as Sertão. Eighteen outbreaks were caused by Anaplasma. marginale, two by Babesia bigemina, and two by mixed infection of A. marginale and Babesia sp. In other two outbreaks of babesiosis the species of Babesia was not identified. Outbreaks occurred from August 2007 to October 2009, however with a concentration of the outbreaks at the end of the rainy period and beginning of the dry period in each year. Twenty two outbreaks affected adult cattle and two affected calves approximately 11 months-old. Three outbreaks affected Bos taurus indicus cattle, of the Nelore and Gir breeds. In 21 outbreaks Holstein, Brown Swiss and crossbred of these breeds with Bos taurus indicus cattle were affected. It is concluded that in the sertão of Paraíba there are areas of enzootic instability for cattle tick fever occurring outbreaks at the end of the rainy season, mainly in hilly areas of the Borborema region, and in wet areas of some river basins, including Rio do Peixe, Rio Piranhas and Rio Espinharas

Left Ventricular Mass in Healthy Subjects of the City of Buenos Aires and its Correlation with Anthropometric Measurements

La hipertrofia ventricular izquierda es un predictor de riesgo para eventos cardiovasculares. Los objetivos de nuestro trabajo fueron establecer los valores de referencia para la masa ventricular izquierda en una población aparentemente sana de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; analizar su correlación con la edad y variables antropométricas; y definir la mejor manera de expresar esos datos. Para el cálculo de la masa ventricular izquierda se utilizó metodología ecocardiográfica avalada internacionalmente (American Society of Echocardiography/European Association of Echocardiography), y la fórmula de Devereux ajustada. Luego de aplicar estrictos criterios de exclusión, se incluyeron 1898 pacientes, 48.89 % hombres y 51.1 % mujeres (edad 38±11 años). El valor de masa ventricular izquierda fue para hombres de 155±30 g (percentilo95 206 g), con distribución normal; y de 112±24 g (percentilo95 153 g), con distribución no normal para mujeres (p<0.001 entre géneros). Los valores son comparables a los reportados en estudios con similar metodología. Los índices de masa ventricular izquierda calculados mostraron una moderada correlación para superficie corporal y peso; y diferencias significativas entre géneros. Las distintas variables calculadas exhibieron heterogeneidad en el tipo de distribución (normal o no normal) de sus datos, por lo que consideramos que el percentilo95 es la mejor manera de expresar los valores de referencia. En conclusión, hemos estimado los valores de referencia para masa ventricular izquierda en nuestra población sana, y observamos una moderada correlación con superficie corporal y peso. Proponemos la utilización de percentilo95 para expresar el valor superior de referencia para los datos obtenidos.Left ventricular hypertrophy is a risk predictor of cardiovascular events. The objectivesof this study were to establish reference values for left ventricular mass in anapparently healthy population of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, to analyzeits correlation with age and anthropometric variables and to define the best way toexpress the assessed data. Left ventricular mass was estimated using internationallysupported echocardiographic methods (American Society of Echocardiography/European Association of Echocardiography) and the adjusted Devereux equation.After applying strict exclusion criteria, 1898 subjects with mean age of 38 ± 11 years,48.89% of whom were male and 51.1% were female, were included in the study. Leftventricular mass was 155 ± 30 g for men (95th percentile 206 g) with normal distribution,and 112 ± 24 g for women (95th percentile 153 g) with non-normal distribution(p < 0.001 between genders). Values were comparable to those reported instudies using a similar methodology. Left ventricular mass index showed a moderatecorrelation with body surface area and weight, and significant differences betweengenders. As calculated variables exhibited heterogeneity in data distribution (normalor non-normal), the 95th percentile was assumed as the best way of expressingreference values. In conclusion, estimated reference values of left ventricular massin a healthy population correlated moderately with body surface area and weight.We propose the use of the 95th percentile to express the upper reference value of theassessed data.Fil: Segovia, Araceli. Universidad Favaloro; ArgentinaFil: Brandani, Laura. Universidad Favaloro; ArgentinaFil: Killinger, Gisela M.. Universidad Favaloro; ArgentinaFil: Zonis, Leandro. Universidad Favaloro; ArgentinaFil: Risk, Marcelo. Universidad Favaloro; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Paolini, Julieta. Universidad Favaloro; ArgentinaFil: Santos, Maximo. Universidad Favaloro; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez Correa, Carlos. Universidad Favaloro; Argentin

Adjusting the Capital Index (ICS), to the Population of Santarém-Pa, It’s Capacity for Mobilization and Political Action the Environmental Exposure to Mercury

Until the mid-1980s, the scientific literature focused on the environmental issue, particularly in the Brazilian Amazon, attributed the mercurial contamination, the anthropic action, especially the mining activities. The region of Santarém, in the state of Pará, was chosen to conduct this research because it is at the center of the discursions of mercury contamination in the Amazon. The objective of this study is to analyze the perception of risk to mercury contamination in the population of Santarém, with the application of Integrated Questionnaires to Measure the Social Capital Index - QI-MCS proposed by the World Bank. The methodological procedures were based on the application of structured questionnaires in open and closed questions, through individual interviews, which addressed several aspects related to groups and networks; trust and solidarity; collective action and cooperation; information and communication; cohesion and social inclusion; authority or capacity building and political action; mercury contamination. In order to determine the ICS, variables that express interpersonal relationships among community members were considered as well as their participation in participatory and cooperative associations. It is concluded that the risk is underestimated by the local population, since it does not have enough information regarding the mercurial contamination and actions taken by the State to prevent this type of accident

Organizational climate assessment using the paraconsistent decision method

The present study aims to show a model of organisational climate assessment through the integration of success codes and the Paraconsistent Decision Method. In this way, contributing to a previous scenario analysis that can return a more precise feedback of the organisational culture conditions of the organisation.(3ortugal

Apresentação

Apresentação do número temático Alfabetização e o Ensino da Leitura e da Escrita

Apresentação

Apresentação do número temático Alfabetização e o Ensino da Leitura e da Escrita

Environmental Determinants of COVID 19 Transmission Across a Wide Climatic Gradient in Chile

Several studies have examined the transmission dynamics of the novel COVID-19 disease in different parts of the world. Some have reported relationships with various environmental variables, suggesting that spread of the disease is enhanced in colder and drier climates. However, evidence is still scarce and mostly limited to a few countries, particularly from Asia. We examined the potential role of multiple environmental variables in COVID-19 infection rate [measured as mean relative infection rate = (number of infected inhabitants per week / total population) × 100.000) from February 23 to August 16, 2020 across 360 cities of Chile. Chile has a large climatic gradient (≈ 40º of latitude, ≈ 4000 m of altitude and 5 climatic zones, from desert to tundra), but all cities share their social behaviour patterns and regulations. Our results indicated that COVID-19 transmission in Chile was mostly related to three main climatic factors (minimum temperature, atmospheric pressure and relative humidity). Transmission was greater in colder and drier cities and when atmospheric pressure was lower. The results of this study support some previous findings about the main climatic determinants of COVID-19 transmission, which may be useful for decision-making and management of the disease.Funding was provided by the Initiation Fondecyt project 11170390 to F.C.A. D.N. received a CONICYT-PFCHA/ Doctorado Nacional/2019-21191862 scholarship. A.C. received a scholarship of the National Secretariat of Science, Technology and Innovation (SENACYT, Panama) and by the National Research System of Panama (SNI; doctoral student category)