Micorrização e enxertia melhoram o crescimento de tomateiro e diminuem a população de Nacobbus aberrans

Inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi and the use of rootstock that is tolerant or resistant to nematodes are two strategies that allow the nematode to be controlled, and plants to coexist with the pathogen. However, the two techniques have always been tested in isolation, when their positive effects are less compared to when they are able to act together. In the present work, two rootstocks combined with the mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus intraradices were compared, with the aim of evaluating their behaviour on the growth of tomato plants in soils infested with N. aberrans, the false root-knot nematode. The experiment was set up in a completely randomised design with ten replications, in a 3 x 2 x 2 factorial scheme. The treatments consisted of a combination of three factors: a) plant composition: two rootstocks (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiform ‘Carolina’ and S. lycopersicum ‘Maxifort’), onto which the ‘Santa Clara’ tomato (S. lycopersicum) was grafted, and a non-grafted plant, considered the control, which was the same cultivar as the graft; b) mycorrhization: mycorrhizal or non-mycorrhizal roots; c) a substrate infested or not infested with N. aberrans. The plants grafted onto ‘Maxifort’ showed significantly greater growth for shoot dry weight, root fresh weight and stem diameter. The rootstock under test had a lower pathogen reproductive factor than did the ungrafted plant. Mycorrhization contributed to a reduction in the number of days until flowering, and a reduction in the final population of N. aberrans for the three plant compositions under test.A inoculação com fungos micorrízicos e o uso de porta-enxertos tolerantes ou resistentes aos nematoides são duas estratégias que permitem o controle e a convivência das plantas com esse patógeno. Contudo, ambas as técnicas sempre foram testadas de forma isolada, sendo seus efeitos positivos menores, se comparados com a possibilidade de suas somatizações. No presente trabalho compararam-se dois porta-enxertos em combinação com o fungo micorrízico Rhizophagus intraradices com o objetivo de avaliar seu comportamento no crescimento de plantas de tomate em solos infestados com N. aberrans, o falso nematoide das galhas. O experimento foi instalado em delineamento interiramente casualizado, com dez repetições, sob um esquema fatorial 3 x 2 x 2. Os tratamentos consistiram na combinação de três fatores: a) as composições de plantas, dois porta-enxertos (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme cv. ‘Carolina’ e S. lycopersicum cv. ‘Maxifort’), nos quais foram enxertadas S. lycopersicum tomate ‘Santa Clara’; e, a planta pé-franco, considerada controle, que foi a mesma cultivar utilizada como enxerto; b) micorrização: raízes micorrizadas ou não micorrizadas; c) substrato infestado ou não infestado com N. aberrans. Para a massa seca da parte aérea, a massa fresca radicular e o diâmetro do caule as plantas enxertadas em ‘Maxifort’ tiveram um crescimento significativamente maior. Os porta-enxertos testados tiveram fatores de reprodução do patógeno inferiores ao do Pé franco. A micorrização contribuiu para uma diminuição dos dias ate florescimento e uma redução da população final do N. aberrans para as três composições de plantas testadas.Fil: Garita, Sebastián Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Bernardo, Valeria Fernanda. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: De Almeida Guimarães, Marcelo. Universidade Federal Do Ceara; BrasilFil: Arango, María Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Ruscitti, Marcela Fabiana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal; Argentin

Geopatrimônio: por quê? Para quê? Para quem?

The permanence and popularization of the Earth's memory for the citizen and human formation of current and future generations, through the constitution and conservation of natural heritage, built over millions of years through constant terrestrial dynamics and endogenous and exogenous processes associated with them, they are essential. In this context, the objective of this manuscript is to analyze the concept of Geoheritage, through the (re)construction of the mater concept of heritage and the discussion of forms and spaces of applicability. The methodological script developed has a qualitative approach, compartmentalized in a theoretical-conceptual basis, centered on Geoheritage and related areas, and in a technical-scientific contingent, subdivided into interrelated stages of cabinet (surveys and analysis of materials), field (primary data collection and empirical analysis) and laboratory (preparation of non-textual materials – charts and maps). Rescue and understand the approach in the academic environment and its application with civil society of this important, but still not very widespread, concept of geosciences, presents itself as something significant and relevant. And it is in this sense that this work seeks to advance studies and initiatives aimed at geoheritage, to contribute to discussions about the concept, methodological approaches and their possible applications.A permanência e a popularização da memória da Terra para a formação cidadã e humana da atual e das futuras gerações são imprescindíveis. Elas podem se dar através da constituição e conservação dos patrimônios naturais, construídos ao longo de milhões de anos por meio da constante dinâmica terrestre e dos processos endógenos e exógenos a eles associados. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste manuscrito é analisar o conceito de Geopatrimônio, através da (re)construção do conceito mater de patrimônio e da discussão de formas e espaços de aplicabilidade. O roteiro metodológico desenvolvido é de abordagem qualitativa, compartimentado em um embasamento teórico-conceitual, centrado no Geopatrimônio e áreas afins, e em um contingente técnico-científico, subdividido em etapas inter-relacionadas de gabinete (levantamentos e análises dos materiais), campo (levantamento de dados primários e análise empíricas) e laboratório (elaboração dos materiais não textuais – quadros e mapas). Resgatar e compreender a abordagem no meio acadêmico e sua aplicação com a sociedade civil desse importante, mas ainda pouco difundido, conceito das geociências, se apresenta como algo significativo e relevante. E é nesse sentido que este trabalho busca avançar com os estudos e iniciativas voltadas ao geopatrimônio, de modo a contribuir com as discussões acerca do conceito, das abordagens metodológicas e de suas possíveis aplicações

Micorrização e enxertia melhoram o crescimento de tomateiro e diminuem a população de Nacobbus aberrans

Inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi and the use of rootstock that is tolerant or resistant to nematodes are two strategies that allow the nematode to be controlled, and plants to coexist with the pathogen. However, the two techniques have always been tested in isolation, when their positive effects are less compared to when they are able to act together. In the present work, two rootstocks combined with the mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus intraradices were compared, with the aim of evaluating their behaviour on the growth of tomato plants in soils infested with N. aberrans, the false root-knot nematode. The experiment was set up in a completely randomised design with ten replications, in a 3 x 2 x 2 factorial scheme. The treatments consisted of a combination of three factors: a) plant composition: two rootstocks (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiform ‘Carolina’ and S. lycopersicum ‘Maxifort’), onto which the ‘Santa Clara’ tomato (S. lycopersicum) was grafted, and a non-grafted plant, considered the control, which was the same cultivar as the graft; b) mycorrhization: mycorrhizal or non-mycorrhizal roots; c) a substrate infested or not infested with N. aberrans. The plants grafted onto ‘Maxifort’ showed significantly greater growth for shoot dry weight, root fresh weight and stem diameter. The rootstock under test had a lower pathogen reproductive factor than did the ungrafted plant. Mycorrhization contributed to a reduction in the number of days until flowering, and a reduction in the final population of N. aberrans for the three plant compositions under test.A inoculação com fungos micorrízicos e o uso de porta-enxertos tolerantes ou resistentes aos nematoides são duas estratégias que permitem o controle e a convivência das plantas com esse patógeno. Contudo, ambas as técnicas sempre foram testadas de forma isolada, sendo seus efeitos positivos menores, se comparados com a possibilidade de suas somatizações. No presente trabalho compararam-se dois porta-enxertos em combinação com o fungo micorrízico Rhizophagus intraradices com o objetivo de avaliar seu comportamento no crescimento de plantas de tomate em solos infestados com N. aberrans, o falso nematoide das galhas. O experimento foi instalado em delineamento interiramente casualizado, com dez repetições, sob um esquema fatorial 3 x 2 x 2. Os tratamentos consistiram na combinação de três fatores: a) as composições de plantas, dois porta-enxertos (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme cv. ‘Carolina’ e S. lycopersicum cv. ‘Maxifort’), nos quais foram enxertadas S. lycopersicum tomate ‘Santa Clara’; e, a planta pé-franco, considerada controle, que foi a mesma cultivar utilizada como enxerto; b) micorrização: raízes micorrizadas ou não micorrizadas; c) substrato infestado ou não infestado com N. aberrans. Para a massa seca da parte aérea, a massa fresca radicular e o diâmetro do caule as plantas enxertadas em ‘Maxifort’ tiveram um crescimento significativamente maior. Os porta-enxertos testados tiveram fatores de reprodução do patógeno inferiores ao do Pé franco. A micorrização contribuiu para uma diminuição dos dias ate florescimento e uma redução da população final do N. aberrans para as três composições de plantas testadas.Instituto de Fisiología Vegeta

Silicon accumulation in bioenergetic sunflower germination

Silicon is considered a beneficial element for several plants, especially in crops with potential for residual biodiesel, and can provide an increase in dry matter in oilseeds. The objective of this work was to evaluate the accumulative power of silicon on sunflower germination and its development submitted to different doses. Sunflower seeds cv. Multissol were sown in polypropylene trays in substrate incorporated at different concentrations of organic silicon at doses: T1- control; T2-5.0; T3-10.0; T4- 15.0 and T5- 20 g kg-1 (BioMarkan®, 90% SiO2), totaling 128 repetitions per treatment. The germination percentage was evaluated in five periods (3rd, 6th, 9th, 12th and 15th day). On the 20th day, the seedlings were evaluated in terms of: number of leaves, shoot length, stem diameter, total fresh and dry mass. Subsequently, the analysis of chemical concentration of silicon in the seedlings and microanalysis of X-rays in the leaves of the sunflower seedlings were carried out. The interaction between treatments and germination days was significant for days where germination was higher on the 6th day. The silicon incorporated into the substrate accelerates the germination of sunflower seeds cv. multisol. The sunflower cv. Multissol is a silicon accumulator and presents better ultrastructural development up to a concentration of 10 g kg-1 of silicon.Silicon is considered a beneficial element for several plants, especially in crops with potential for residual biodiesel, and can provide an increase in dry matter in oilseeds. The objective of this work was to evaluate the accumulative power of silicon on sunflower germination and its development when submitted to different doses. Sunflower seeds cv. Multissol were sown in polypropylene trays in substrate incorporated at different concentrations of organic silicon, in treatments: T1 - control; T2 - 5.0; T3 - 10.0; T4 - 15.0 and T5 – 20.0 g kg-1 (BioMarkan®, 90% SiO2), totaling 128 repetitions per treatment. The germination percentage was evaluated in five periods (3rd, 6th, 9th, 12th and 15th day). On the 20th day, the seedlings were evaluated in terms of: number of leaves, shoot length, stem diameter, total fresh and dry mass. Subsequently, the analysis of chemical concentration of silicon in the seedlings and X-ray microanalysis in the leaves of the sunflower seedlings were carried out. The interaction between treatments and germination days was significant for the days in which germination was higher on the 6th day. The silicon incorporated into the substrate accelerates the germination of sunflower seeds cv. Multissol. The sunflower cv. Multissol is a silicon accumulator and improves development up to a concentration of 10 g kg-1 of silicon

Nursing actions facing reactions to chemotherapy in oncological patients

Objective: Describing the action of nursing facing the chemotherapy reactions in oncological patients. Method: Integrated review of literature of 14 scientific articles published in the last 10 years. Results: The adverse reactions inherent to the chemotherapy treatment manifested by the patients are frequent. Nausea and vomit were the main reactions described in chemotherapy. The nursing job is developed through the orientation before and during the treatment and has as an primordial objective the improvement of the psychological state of the patient, ensuring security in the proposed treatment. Conclusion: The orientation leads to a better acceptance of chemotherapy, favoring the continuation of the treatment. The need of an improvement of the registers of nursing was evidenced, as well as the implementation of the evaluation process in the construction of to evaluate the procedure and or specific interventions

Produção de mini-tubérculos de batata propagada por brotos, em função de doses de nitrogênio aplicadas ao substrato

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de doses de nitrogênio (N), 0; 50; 100; 200 e 400 mg.dm 3, na forma de NH 4 NO 3 , aplicadas em substrato sobre a evolução do índice SPAD e produção de mini-tubérculos de batata (Solanum tuberosum L.), cultivar Monalisa, propagada por brotos. O experimento foi delineado em blocos ao acaso com seis repetições e realizado em ambiente protegido, na Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Dois brotos foram plantados em vaso de 3 L contendo substrato. O índice SPAD medido na quarta folha (LQ) aumentou com o aumento da dose de N e diminuiu com a idade das plantas. Associados à máxima produção de mini-tubérculos, os valores do índice SPAD, aos 37 dias após o plantio, e do teor de N-NO 3 na matéria seca da quarta folha foram 1,36 dag kg -1 e 49,37, respectivamente. A máxima produção de mini-tubérculos foi 177,97 g vaso -1 com a dose de 176,5 mg dm -3 de N.The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) rates applied in the substrate on SPAD index values and mini-tuber yield of sprouted propagated ‘Monalisa’ potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). The experiment was set in greenhouse, at Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Two sprouts were planted in 3 dm-3 pots with substrate. The influence of five N rates, 0; 50; 100; 200 and 400 mg m-3 of N, as NH4NO3, in seven phases of plant development. Plants were arranged in randomized complete block design with six repetitions. The SPAD index in the fourth leaf (LQ) increased with the increase in N rates and decreased with the plant age. Associated with the maximum mini-tuber yield, SPAD index at 37 days after planting and N-NO3 in the LQ dry matter were 49.37 and 1.36 dag kg-1, respectively. The maximum mini-tuber yield was 177.97 g pot-1 with 176.5 mg dm-3 of N. Mini-tuber yield of sprout propagated potato, as function of nitrogen rates in the substrate (Produção de mini-tubérculos de batata propagada por brotos, em função de doses de nitrogênio aplicadas ao substrato (PDF Download Available). Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242146600_Mini-tuber_yield_of_sprout_propagated_potato_as_function_of_nitrogen_rates_in_the_substrate_Producao_de_mini-tuberculos_de_batata_propagada_por_brotos_em_funcao_de_doses_de_nitrogenio_aplicadas_ao_sub [accessed Mar 26 2018]

Um olhar territorial para o desenvolvimento: Nordeste

Inclui bibliografias.Prefácio / Luciano Coutinho - Preâmbulo / Adriana Melo Alves - Apresentação / José Eduardo Pessoa de Andrade, Marcelo Machado da Silva, Walsey de Assis Magalhães, Cristina Lemos e Helena Maria Martins Lastres - Introdução / Sérgio Gusmão Suchodolski, Paulo Ferraz Guimarães, Rodrigo Almeida de Aguiar, Ana Carolina Varejão Lima Carvalhosa e Adriane Carine Bezerra de Melo da Silveira -- Parte 1. Atuação do BNDES no Nordeste. Capítulo 1. Atuação do BNDES na Região Nordeste / Paulo Ferraz Guimarães, Fernando Castilhos de Araújo Galindo Félix, Rodrigo Almeida de Aguiar, Ana Carolina Varejão Lima Carvalhosa e Tagore Villarim de Siqueira -- Capítulo 2. Atuação da Área de Infraestrutura Social do BNDES na Região Nordeste do Brasil / Rodrigo de Queiroz Campos, Rodrigo Mendes Leal e Ricardo Ramos -- Capítulo 3. Cartão BNDES: apoio aos potenciais econômicos da Região Nordeste / Andresa Michelle Falcão Ribeiro de Gusmão -- Capítulo 4. O BNDES e a questão energética e logística da Região Nordeste: os desafios da integração regional / Nelson Fontes Siffert Filho, Dalmo dos Santos Marchetti, André Luiz Zanette, Daniel Bregman, Daniel Novaes Santos, Edson José Dalto, Isabele Delpino Pereira, Juliana Jonas Cypriano e Marcus Cardoso Santiago -- Capítulo 5. Apoio à agropecuária sustentável e à inclusão socioprodutiva na Região Nordeste / Marcelo Porteiro Cardoso, Geraldo Smith, Joaquim Pedro de Vasconcelos Cordeiro e Rodrigo Cesar Vilas Boas Cardoso -- Capítulo 6. O apoio à indústria de base na Região Nordeste / Rodrigo Matos Huet de Bacellar e Eduardo Christensen Nali -- Capítulo 7. Atuação da Área Industrial do BNDES na Região Nordeste -- Mauricio dos Santos Neves, Luciana Silvestre Pedro, Patricia Zendron, Marina Gama, Maria Caroline Rangel, Job Rodrigues Teixeira Junior, Artur Yabe Milanez e Diego Nyko -- Capítulo 8. Contribuição do BNDES na promoção do desenvolvimento sustentável da Região Nordeste - reflexões para o planejamento / Cláudio Figueiredo Coelho Leal, Ana Christina Moreno Maia Barbosa, Luiz Antonio Pazos Moraes e William George Lopes Saab -- Parte 2. Desafios e oportunidades do Nordeste. Capítulo 9. Estado e planejamento regional: perspectivas e entraves ao desenvolvimento do Nordeste / Maria Lúcia de Oliveira Falcón -- Capítulo 10. Desigualdades regionais no Brasil: notas sobre o padrão de intervenção do Estado nos anos 2000-2010 / Aristides Monteiro Neto -- Capítulo 11. Princípios do federalismo: contribuições metodológicas para sair do labirinto fiscalista / Jair do Amaral Filho -- Capítulo 12. Instrumentos para financiamento de uma nova Política Nacional de Desenvolvimento Regional / Jenner Guimarães -- Capítulo 13. Cultura, diversidade cultural e desenvolvimento / Paulo Miguez -- Capítulo 14. Uma nova agenda para o semiárido do Nordeste / Hypérides Pereira de Macedo -- Capítulo 15. Mercado de trabalho no Nordeste - 2000-2010: avanços e desafios / Leonardo Guimarães Neto -- Capítulo 16. Baterias Moura - a saga de uma empresa pernambucana / Paulo Sales -- Capítulo 17. Uma janela de oportunidade para o Nordeste / Ricardo Oliveira Lacerda de Melo -- Capítulo 18. Política regional e desenvolvimento: caminhos para o Brasil e para o Nordeste / Sergio Duarte de Castro -- Capítulo 19. Nordeste: desenvolvimento recente e perspectivas / Tania Bacelar De Araujo

Selenium: a trace element for human and vegetables

Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for the growth, development and metabolism of animals, including humans. It is an integral part of a set of proteins, the selenoproteins, with antioxidant action, involved in the metabolism of thyroid hormones, growth regulation, cell viability, immune system functions and reproduction. This element fulfills the same function in vegetables, although it does not play an essential role in their nutrition, so it is currently included in the group of beneficial elements. It is introduced into the food chain by ingesting plants and products derived from them. Plants assimilate the Se compounds present in the soil, which exist mainly in the form of inorganic compounds of selenate (Se6+) and selenite (Se4+), both of which are soluble in water and are part of the metabolic processes that occur in humans. In view of the above, the objectives of this literature review were to present information on some of the main aspects of selenium for humans and plants, describing its forms of absorption, benefits, problems related to its deficiency and its use in food biofortification. Selenium (Se) has several benefits for plants and human health, and for humans, when given in ideal concentrations, in addition to providing a healthy diet, it can act as an antioxidant, playing an important role in protecting against viral infections.Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for the growth, development and metabolism of animals, including humans. It is an integral part of a set of proteins, the selenoproteins, with antioxidant action, involved in the metabolism of thyroid hormones, growth regulation, cell viability, immune system functions and reproduction. This element fulfils the same function in vegetables, although it does not play an essential role in their nutrition, so it is currently included in the group of beneficial elements. It is introduced into the food chain by ingesting plants and products derived from them. Plants assimilate Se compounds, present in the soil, mainly in the form of inorganic compounds of selenate (Se6+) and selenite (Se4+). Both have water solubility and are part of the metabolic processes that occur in humans. In view of the above, the objectives of this literature review were to present information on some of the main aspects of selenium for humans and plants, describing its forms of absorption, benefits, problems related to its deficiency and its use in food biofortification. Selenium (Se) has several benefits for plants and human health, and for humans, when administered in ideal concentrations. In addition to providing a healthy diet, it can act as an antioxidant, playing an important role in protecting against viral infections