Play activities for development of prosocial behaviour and perception of children in kindergartens

Herní aktivity jsou v mateřské škole klíčovou metodou pro všestranný rozvoj dítěte ve věku od tří do šesti let. V osobnostně orientované výchově je volná, navozovaná i didaktická hra východiskem pro rozvoj prosociálního chování a cítění dětí. V teoretické části je rozkryt význam uvedených typů her v rámci věkových zvláštností dětí se zaměřením na rozvoj prosociálního chování a cítění dětí. Pojednává o úloze učitelky a významu klimatu školy v socializačním působení na dětskou skupinu v mateřské škole . Praktická část ověřuje možnosti her s prosociálními cíli a vliv jejich systematického zařazování na rozvoj prosociálního chování a cítění dětí ve vybraných třídách. Mapuje typické problémové situace, které vznikají při hraní těchto her a zachycuje modely jejich řešení.Play activities in kindergartens are the key method for general development of a child between tree and six years of age. In personality-orientated education the free, induced and didactic play is the starting point for the development of children's prosocial behaviour and perception. In the theoretical part the meanings of the play types are explained with regards to age specifications focusing on the development of children's prosocial behaviour and perception. The practical part verifies the possibilities of plays with prosocial targets and their influence on prosocial behaviour and perception of children in selected classed. It surveys typical problem situations which arise while playing and shows the models of their solution.Katedra primární pedagogikyFaculty of EducationPedagogická fakult

Analysis of experimental ECG

Tato práce se zabývá analýzou experimentálních elektrogramů získaných z izolovaných králičích srdcí. V teoretické části práce jsou popsány principy elektrokardiografie, projevy patologické srdeční činnosti v EKG záznamu, často používané metody automatické klasifikace EKG cyklů a také informace o experimentálním výzkumu. První část praktické práce se zabývá manuální klasifikací elektrogramů a jednotlivých patologických událostí v nich zaznamenaných. Výsledky klasifikace budou použity ve veřejně dostupné databázi experimentálních elektrogramů, která nyní vzniká na UBMI VUT v Brně. Klasifikace záznamů byla konzultována s odborníky. Dále je popsán výskyt patologií v průběhu fází experimentů a dle toho zhodnocen vliv opakované ischemie na jejich vznik. Nakonec je realizována automatická klasifikace čtyř typů patologických cyklů čtyřmi klasifikačními metodami (diskriminační analýza, naivní Bayesův klasifikátor, metoda podpůrných vektorů a metoda k-nejbližších sousedů). Pro reprezentaci cyklů při klasifikaci jsou použity morfologické parametry. Celkem je z každého cyklu odvozeno 71 morfologických parametrů. Z nich jsou za pomoci testů Kruskal-Wallis a Tukey-Kramer a také analýzy hlavních komponent určeny ty, které dokáží cykly reprezentovat nejlépe.This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of experimental electrograms (EG) recorded from isolated rabbit hearts. The theoretical part is focused on the basic principles of electrocardiography, pathological events in ECGs, automatic classification of ECG and experimental cardiological research. The practical part deals with manual classification of individual pathological events – these results will be presented in the database of EG records, which is under developing at the Department of Biomedical Engineering at BUT nowadays. Manual scoring of data was discussed with experts. After that, the presence of pathological events within particular experimental periods was described and influence of ischemia on heart electrical activity was reviewed. In the last part, morphological parameters calculated from EG beats were statistically analised with Kruskal-Wallis and Tukey-Kramer tests and also principal component analysis (PCA) and used as classification features to classify automatically four types of the beats. Classification was realized with four approaches such as discriminant function analysis, k-Nearest Neighbours, support vector machines, and naive Bayes classifier.

Single-Feature Method for Fast Atrial Fibrillation Detection in ECG Signals

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhthmia in adults and is associated with higher risk of heart failure or death. Here, we introduce simple and efficient method for automatic AF detection based on symbolic dynamics and Shannon entropy. This method comprises of three parts. Firstly, QRS complex detection is provided, than the raw RR sequence is transformed into a sequence of specific symbols and subsequently into a word sequence and finally, Shannon entropy of the word sequence is calculated. According to the value of Shannon entropy, it is decided, whether AF is present in the current cardiac beat. We achieved sensitivity Se=96.32% and specificity Sp=98.61 on MIT-BIH Atrial Fibrillation database, Se=91.30% and Sp=90.80% on MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database, Se=95.6% and Sp=80.27% for CinC Challenge database 2020. The achieved results of our one-feature method are comparable with other authors of more complicated and computationally expensive methods

A Comparative Analysis of Methods for Evaluation of ECG Signal Quality after Compression

The assessment of ECG signal quality after compression is an essential part of the compression process. Compression facilitates the signal archiving, speeds up signal transmission, and reduces the energy consumption. Conversely, lossy compression distorts the signals. Therefore, it is necessary to express the compression performance through both compression efficiency and signal quality. This paper provides an overview of objective algorithms for the assessment of both ECG signal quality after compression and compression efficiency. In this area, there is a lack of standardization, and there is no extensive review as such. 40 methods were tested in terms of their suitability for quality assessment. For this purpose, the whole CSE database was used. The tested signals were compressed using an algorithm based on SPIHT with varying efficiency. As a reference, compressed signals were manually assessed by two experts and classified into three quality groups. Owing to the experts’ classification, we determined corresponding ranges of selected quality evaluation methods’ values. The suitability of the methods for quality assessment was evaluated based on five criteria. For the assessment of ECG signal quality after compression, we recommend to use a combination of these methods: PSim SDNN, QS, SNR1, MSE, PRDN1, MAX, STDERR, and WEDD SWT

Robust QRS Detection Using Combination of Three Independent Methods

QRS detection is a fundamental step in ECG analysis. Although there are many algorithms reporting results close to 100%, this problem is still not resolved. The reported numbers are influenced by the quality of the detector, the quality of annotations and also by the chosen method of testing. In this study, we proposed and properly tested robust QRS detection algorithm based on a combination of three independent principles. For enhancement of QRS complexes there were developed three independent approaches based on continuous wavelet transform, Stockwell transform and phasor transform which are followed by individual adaptive thresholding. Each method produces candidates for QRS complexes which are further processed by cluster analysis resulting in final QRS positions. The proposed detection algorithm was tested on three complete standard ECG databases: MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database, European ST-T Database and QT Database without any change in algorithm setting. We utilized complete data from mentioned databases including all provided leads and used original (not adjusted) reference positions of QRS complexes. Summarized detection accuracy for all three databases was expressed by sensitivity 99.16% and positive predictive value 98.99%

Cardiac Pathologies Detection and Classification in 12-lead ECG

Background: Automatic detection and classification of cardiac abnormalities in ECG is one of the basic and often solved problems. The aim of this paper is to present a proposed algorithm for ECG classification into 19 classes. This algorithm was created within PhysioNet/CinC Challenge 2020, name of our team was HITTING. Methods: Our algorithm detects each pathology separately according to the extracted features and created rules. Signals from the 6 databases were used. Detector of QRS complexes, T-waves and P-waves including detection of their boundaries was designed. Then, the most common morphology of the QRS was found in each record. All these QRS were averaged. Features were extracted from the averaged QRS and from intervals between detected points. Appropriate features and rules were set using classification trees. Results: Our approach achieved a challenge validation score of 0.435, and full test score of 0.354, placing us 11 out of 41 in the official ranking. Conclusion: The advantage of our algorithm is easy interpretation. It is obvious according to which features algorithm decided and what thresholds were set

Public relations of infant school.

Annotation Current financing of schools and school facilities is based on the output, i. e. the numer of pupils attending the school, that is why schools are getting into a competitors fight for customer, which is the pupil. School marketing has become the necessity in school management. Public relations is a part of the school marketing and helps schools draw attention to themselves and promote their activities and objects. The theoretical part contains general characteristics of marketing and school marketing. Special emphasis is placed on the relation between kindergartens and the public, on their Promotion and opening towards the environment, which is very important today. The practical part surveys how kindergartens present themselves in the public and how widely they use the means of public relations. The research has been carried out within the frame of the kindergartens in the Czech Republic and from the point of view of the parents from the kindergarten in Dačice. A part of the project is a suggestion of a complex PR system in the kindergarten in Dačice with the focus to common workplace identification

The relationship of Czech people to spa and its importance for tourism

Předložená bakalářská práce je zaměřena na vztah českého obyvatelstva k lázním v České republice. Zjišťuje rozdíly ve vnímání tohoto oboru cestovního ruchu jeho zaměstnanci a jeho klienty, které lázně navštívili, či navštěvují. Nejprve se práce zaměřuje na charakteristiku lázní obecně i v České republice a popisuje také význam lázeňství pro cestovní ruch. Práce uvádí i trendy v lázeňství za posledních několik let a část je také věnována pandemii Covid-19 a jeho dopady na současný trh. Pomocí dotazníkového šetření byly zjištěny rozdíly ve vnímání lázní dvou skupin respondentů. Na základě výsledků bylo navrženo několik doporučení, která mají za cíl posílit a rozvíjet vztah českého obyvatelstva k lázním.ObhájenoThe presented work is focused on the relationship that Czech people have to spas. Perception of this type of tourism by its employees and its potencional or non-potencional clients. Firstly, the work focuses on the general characteristics of Czech spas, and describes the importance of spas in tourism. The work also presents trends in spas over the last few years including the Covid-19 pandemic period and its effects on current market. Using a questionnaire survey, differences in the perception of the spas of the two groups of respondents were found. Based on the results, several recommendations were proposed, which aim to strengthen and develop the Czech population's relationship with the spas