Los Lenguajes Gastronómicos a partir de la gráfica popular en Plazas De Mercado en Bogotá. Casos de Estudio: “La Perseverancia”, “Las Cruces” Y “La Concordia”

Esta investigación se concentra en el análisis de la plaza de mercado como espacio público primordial dentro del panorama cultural gastronómico de la ciudad de Bogotá desde el cual se construye identidad en medio de las dinámicas comerciales cotidianas, de tal manera que su eje problematizador gira en torno a la siguiente pregunta de investigación ¿Por qué la gráfica popular se convierte en elemento comunicante del paisaje cultural gastronómico en las plazas de mercado de Bogotá desde la perspectiva del patrimonio cultural e identidad nacional? Metodológicamente, se trata de un estudio de carácter cualitativo y se desarrolla bajo la perspectiva estratégica del interaccionismo simbólico. Su corpus se divide en documental y natural, en tal sentido, el corpus documental articula en su revisión trabajos investigativos y normativos realizados por el Instituto para la Economía Social – IPES y Alcaldía Mayor de Bogotá, además de las publicaciones institucionales que se dan en el marco de las redes sociales (Facebook e Instagram) y página web del IPES y plazas de mercado distritales. De otro lado, el corpus natural, está compuesto por (17) comerciantes de las plazas objeto de estudio. Las técnicas propuestas para la recolección de datos fueron: análisis de contenido, observación directa y entrevista. Entre las categorías de análisis del proyecto se encuentran: el Food Design y las artes culinarias como objeto epistemológico; la comunicación como objeto de estudio gastronómico; los lenguajes gráficos en los mercados públicos; y la innovación dirigida por el diseño. Cabe señalar que, este proyecto configura su nivel de impacto a corto, mediano y largo plazo en tres líneas fundamentales: social, cultural y tecnológica a partir del establecimiento de premisas fundamentales como: salvaguarda de patrimonios culturales, apropiación y reivindicación cultural; y estructuración y sistematización del lenguaje gráfico popular de las plazas de mercado

Participación en proyecto de investigación institucional

La participación en proyecto institucional es un mecanismo de opción de grado que expone y perfecciona los acervos investigativos y habilidades académicas adquiridas por el estudiante durante su pregrado; mediante la interacción activa y propositiva en el desarrollo de los proyectos de investigación institucionales planteados por los programas de la Facultad. Esta modalidad busca presentar una plataforma para proyectar a los estudiantes en el campo investigativo, bien sea posgradual o en el sector productivo; prestando una experiencia real como asistente de investigación, o como participante en semillero de investigación, cobijado en un proyecto que preste herramientas para el aprendizaje de estas habilidades en los participantes. De acuerdo con las recientes disposiciones institucionales consignadas en los acuerdos No. 086, en el cual se actualiza lo correspondiente a las opciones de grado, y No. 021, en el cual se enuncia la nueva política de investigaciones de la institución, se realiza el presente documento con el fin de enunciar los pormenores de la modalidad de opción de grado Participación en Proyecto de Investigación Institucional

Estudio historiográfico y bromatológico del té de Bogotá Symplocos theiformis Oken Brand: una aproximación como especie gastronómica promisoria alto andina

El Té de Bogotá (Symplocos theiformis Oken) es una especie altoandina con potencial agroalimentario, que se está viendo afectada por el efecto antrópico que deteriora sus hábitats. Este documento presenta inicialmente un aporte historiográfico de la planta, continuando con una metodología que busca conocer las características bromatológicas y fitoquímicas. Finalmente, se exponen algunos de sus posibles usos gastronómicas a través de su preparación como infusión

Colección por la transformación universitaria

Crítica al capitalismo rentístico venezolano generador de desempleo, pobreza y exclusión social; razones para transformarlo en un nuevo modelo productivo socialista; políticas y planes del Gobierno bolivariano para impulsar la economía social; y evaluación de los resultados obtenidos entre 1999-2008. En las páginas siguientes se analiza la actuación del Estado y Gobierno de Venezuela para enfrentar el desempleo, la pobreza y la exclusión a través de la construcción de un nuevo modelo productivo participativo e incluyente. Se revisa desde la Constitución de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela, hasta los Decretos-Leyes de la Ley Habilitante aprobados en julio de 2008, pasando por los Decretos y Reglamentos que han sido aprobados para crear la nueva institucionalidad que apoyan la construcción del NMP

The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies

International audienceSignificance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population

The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies

International audienceSignificance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population

Global variation in postoperative mortality and complications after cancer surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study in 82 countries

© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licenseBackground: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Methods: This was a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients undergoing surgery for primary breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer requiring a skin incision done under general or neuraxial anaesthesia. The primary outcome was death or major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression determined relationships within three-level nested models of patients within hospitals and countries. Hospital-level infrastructure effects were explored with three-way mediation analyses. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471494. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019, we enrolled 15 958 patients from 428 hospitals in 82 countries (high income 9106 patients, 31 countries; upper-middle income 2721 patients, 23 countries; or lower-middle income 4131 patients, 28 countries). Patients in LMICs presented with more advanced disease compared with patients in high-income countries. 30-day mortality was higher for gastric cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (adjusted odds ratio 3·72, 95% CI 1·70–8·16) and for colorectal cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (4·59, 2·39–8·80) and upper-middle-income countries (2·06, 1·11–3·83). No difference in 30-day mortality was seen in breast cancer. The proportion of patients who died after a major complication was greatest in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (6·15, 3·26–11·59) and upper-middle-income countries (3·89, 2·08–7·29). Postoperative death after complications was partly explained by patient factors (60%) and partly by hospital or country (40%). The absence of consistently available postoperative care facilities was associated with seven to 10 more deaths per 100 major complications in LMICs. Cancer stage alone explained little of the early variation in mortality or postoperative complications. Interpretation: Higher levels of mortality after cancer surgery in LMICs was not fully explained by later presentation of disease. The capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention. Early death after cancer surgery might be reduced by policies focusing on strengthening perioperative care systems to detect and intervene in common complications. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licenseBackground: Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide. Methods: A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study—a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3·85 [95% CI 2·58–5·75]; p<0·0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63·0% vs 82·7%; OR 0·35 [0·23–0·53]; p<0·0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer. Interpretation: Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised. Funding: National Institute for Health and Care Research