G-inverses for random walks

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Mean first passage time for distance-biregular graphs

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Difusión del uso de Internet en España ¿Existe una brecha digital entre Comunidades Autónomas?

Este trabajo aborda el análisis de la brecha digital existente entre comunidades autónomas españolas mediante el estudio de las principales características del proceso de difusión del uso de Internet en ellas. Concretamente analiza si los rasgos particulares de este proceso de difusión dependen de las características socioeconómicas de cada región, la calidad de sus infraestructuras y/o el nivel de formación de sus habitantes. Los resultados obtenidos permiten extraer conclusiones de gran interés si se desea influir sobre la trayectoria del proceso analizado, con el fin de evitar que algunas regiones queden fuera de la red de zonas y actividades que generan valor en el sistema.This work investigates the digital gap among Spanish regions by studying the most important characteristics of the internet diffusion process within each one of them. In particular, we analyze if the process specific features depend on regional socio-economic characteristics, infrastructures quality and/or people instruction level. The obtained results allow to draw very useful conclusions for influencing on the path of the diffusion process, with the purpose of preventing some regions from remaining outside of the value-generating zones and/or activities network.Administración y Dirección de EmpresasCiencias de la Comunicació

The Digital “Fourth World” in Spain. Analysis of Tecnological Inequalities between Spains`s Autonomous Regions

A partir de la Teoría de Difusión de Innovaciones, el presente trabajo analiza la existencia y dimensiones de la brecha digital entre las Comunidades Autónomas españolas. La evolución futura del uso de Internet dependerá en gran medida de las acciones públicas destinadas a incentivar y favorecer el desarrollo social, económico y tecnológico. Palabras clave: Brecha digital, Internet, Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC), Sociedad de la Información (SI), Comunidades Autónomas, España Drawing from Diffusion Theory, this article analyzes the existence and dimensions of the digital gap between Spain´s Autonomous Regions. The future evolution of internet use will depend to a great extent, on gobernment programs for stimulating social, eocnomic and tecnological development. Key words: Digital Gap, Internet, Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), Infrmation Society (IS), Autonomous Regions, SpainAdministración y Dirección de EmpresasCiencias de la Comunicació

Good practices in the recovery of ambulation in octogenarian women with hip fractures

p. 1417-1422OBJECTIVE: Determine good recovery practices for ambulation of octogenarian women after hospital discharge after being operated on for hip fracture. METHODS: Prospective study during the second half of 2019, with 192 women (85.95 ± 5.1 years) with hip fracture. A medical history, fracture types, complications, surgical treatment, and assessment of the level of ambulation were recorded before and after six months of hospital discharge. RESULTS: 100 patients lived in the family home and 92 in an institutional center, 68.2% provided pertrochanteric fracture and a total of 3.7 comorbidities, all of them received spinal anesthesia and were admitted an average of 11.4 days. After six months, the patients showed a significant loss of functional independence with respect to the situation prior to the fracture, both for the ability to wander and for activities of daily living. It is noteworthy that the worst prognosis in the recovery of ambulation has to do with intermediate levels of ambulation and that the functional level of departure influences to a lesser extent than the place where they perform the recovery. CONCLUSIONS: Age is a factor that influences the recovery of hip fracture, but there are other influential factors since patients who remain in the family home have a better functional prognosis than those who recover in institutionalized centers, after six months of hospital discharge.S

Predictors of Delirium in Octogenarian Patients Hospitalized for a Hip Fracture

p. 7467Introduction: Since delirium is a major complication that can arise after a patient with a hip fracture has been hospitalized, it is considered to be one of the most common geriatric conditions. Therefore, its prevention and early detection are essential for reducing both the length of the patient’s stay in the hospital and complications during the hospitalization process. Objective: To identify and analyze the predictors for developing delirium in octogenarians who were admitted to hospital for a hip fracture. Methodology: A prospective study conducted with a sample of 287 patients aged 80 years and older (mean age 87.2 ± 3.2 years; 215 women, 72 men), recruited from the Trauma Unit of the University Hospital of León (Spain). Further, 71.1% of the patients lived in a family member’s home, while the other 28.9% lived in a nursing home. After observing each patient’s interactions with their doctor in a clinical setting, the data for this study were obtained by reviewing the selected patients’ charts. The variables analyzed were sociodemographic information (age, sex, and place of residence), medical information (type of hip break and surgical intervention), cognitive impairment (MMSE score), functional level (Barthel Index score), and clinical information (pharmacological, comorbidities, complications, and the diagnosis and assessment of the severity of delirium in a patient). The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a significant relationship between acute confusional state and the following variables: anemia, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) III and IV patients, state of cognitive frailty and functional level, a urinary tract infection, changes in the visual field, renal arterial occlusion, and the type and dosage of drugs administered (this variable was identified in the multivariate model). The inverse relationship between anemia and acute confusional state is surprising. Conclusion: This research shows that clinical observation of acute confusional state is necessary but not sufficient for addressing this condition early and adequately in older adults who have been hospitalized for a hip fracture.S

Evolution of the impact of social media in hospitality: A bibliometric analysis

The emergence and rise of social media have affected how companies address consumers, taking particular relevance in some sectors, such as hospitality. Despite this importance in the research literature, there needs to be more delimitation and understanding of social media’s impact, specifically in the hospitality sector. Thus, this paper objective to learn about the evolution of social media research in hospitality and identify the main themes of interest in this research field. To this end, bibliometric analysis has been carried out using SciMAT software of 985 papers published from 2009 to March 31, 2023, on the Web of Science (WoS) platform referring to this research field. The main results show the relationship between user-generated and shared content and consumer satisfaction, particularly relevant to the hotel sector. In management and marketing in the hospitality sector, the focus on innovation and the implementation of new destination-oriented technologies stand out. It is also worth mentioning the relevance of engagement oriented to social networks related to the experiences and behaviour of consumers

PageRank: A different point of view

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Random Walks meet M-matrices

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