84 research outputs found
Confirmation of symmetrical distributions of clinical attachment loss and tooth loss in a homogeneous Mexican adult male population
Background/purpose
To ascertain whether or not clinical attachment loss and tooth loss are present with similar severity and prevalence across the two sides of the mouth in a homogeneous sample of urban male adults.
Materials and methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out on 161 policemen (a largely homogeneous group in terms of ethnic background, socioeconomic status, sex, occupation, and medical/dental insurance) in Campeche, Mexico. Periodontal examinations were undertaken using the Florida Probe System in a dental chair by one trained and standardized examiner (kappa ≥ 0.60) to determine clinical attachment loss and tooth loss. We examined six sites in all teeth present in the mouth (a maximum of 168 sites, no third molars). Because of correlated data between observations, McNemar (for tooth loss) and Wilcoxon (for attachment loss) signed-rank tests were used to compare right and left sites within the same patient.
Results
The mean age was 38.4 ± 11.0 years. The mean number of teeth present was 24.4 ± 4.6; the mean number of periodontal sites/person was 146.7 ± 27.8. All P values were ≥ 0.05 (except for attachment loss in the upper first premolars), suggesting that there were no statistically significant differences between the right and left sides for the frequency of presentation of these two conditions.
Conclusion
Tooth loss and attachment loss measurements largely resemble each other on both sides of the mouth
Geometric characteristics of conics in Bézier form
In this paper, we address the calculation of geometric characteristics of conic sections (axes, asymptotes, centres, eccentricity, foci) given in Bézier form in terms of their control polygons and weights, making use of real and complex projective and affine geometry and avoiding the use of coordinates
The effects of perceived COVID-19 threat on compensatory conviction, thought reliance, and attitudes
This research examines how people can defend themselves from the threat associated
with the COVID-19 pandemic by relying more on their recently generated thoughts
(unrelated to the threat), thus leading those thoughts to have a greater impact on
judgement through a meta-cognitive process of thought validation. Study 1 revealed
that the impact of the favourability of self-related thoughts on self-esteem was greater
for those feeling relatively more (vs. less) threatened by COVID-19. Study 2 manipulated (rather than measured) the favourability of thoughts and assessed the perceived
COVID-19 threat. Results also showed that the impact of thoughts on subsequent
self-evaluations was greater for those feeling more threatened by COVID-19. Study
3 conceptually replicated the results using a full experimental design by manipulating
both thought favourability andthe perceived COVID-19 threat, moving from the self
to a social perception paradigm, and providing mediational evidence for the proposed
mechanism of compensatory thought validation. A final study addressed some alternative explanations by testing whether the induction of threat used in Study 3 affected
perceptions of threat while not having an impact on other featuresMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación, Gobierno
de España (ES), Grant/Award Number:
PID2020-116651GB-C31;PID2020-
116651GBC33/AEI/10.13039/501100011033;
Consejería de Ciencia, Universidades e
Innovación, Comunidad de Madrid,
Grant/Award Number: SI3/PJI/2021-0047
What seems to explain suicidality in Yucatan Mexican young adults? findings from an app-based mental health screening test using the SMART-SCREEN protocol
The relationship between suicidality, depression, anxiety, and well-being was explored in young adults (median age 20.7
years) from the State of Yucatan (Mexico), which has a suicide rate double that of other Mexican states. A cross-sectional
study was carried out in 20 universities in Yucatan and 9,366 students were surveyed using validated questionnaires built
into a smartphone app, applying partial least squares structural equation models. High suicide risk was assessed in 10.8%
of the sample. Clinically relevant depression and anxiety levels were found in 6.6% and 10.5% of the sample, respectively, and 67.8% reported high well-being. Comparably higher levels of suicide risk, depression and anxiety, and lower
well-being were found in women, who were also somewhat older than men in our study. Furthermore, path analysis in
the structural equation model revealed that depression was the main predictor of suicidal behaviour as well as of higher
anxiety levels and lower self-perceived well-being in the total sample and in both genders. Our findings draw attention
to the association between suicidality, depression, anxiety, and well-being in Yucatan young adults and gender differences
with this regard. Mental health screening via smartphone might be a useful tool to reach large populations and contribute
to mental health policies, including regional suicide prevention effortsOpen Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC
agreement with Springer Nature. No funding was received for this
stud
Efficacy of different strategies to treat anemia in children: a randomized clinical trial
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Anemia continues to be a major public health problem among children in many regions of the world, and it is still not clear which strategy to treat it is most effective.</p> <p>Objective</p> <p>To evaluate the efficacy and children's acceptance of several recognized strategies to treat anemia.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Non-breastfed children (n = 577), 6 to 43 mo of age, were screened for the trial; 267 were anemic (hemoglobin < 11.7 g/dL), and 266 of those were randomized into 1 of 5 treatments to received daily either: an iron supplement (IS), an iron+folic acid supplement (IFS), a multiple micronutrient supplement (MMS), a micronutrient-fortified complementary food as porridge powder (FCF), or zinc+iron+ascorbic acid fortified water (FW). The iron content of each daily dose was 20, 12.5, 10, 10 and 6.7 mg respectively. Hemoglobin (Hb), ferritin, total iron, weight and height were measured at baseline and after 4 months of treatment. Morbidity, treatment acceptability and adherence were recorded during the intervention.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>All treatments significantly increased Hb and total iron concentration; ferritin did not change significantly. Groups MMS, IS and IFS increased Hb (g/dL) [1.50 (95%CI: 1.17, 1.83), 1.48 [(1.18, 1.78) and 1.57 (1.26, 1.88), respectively] and total iron ((μg/dL) [0.15 (0.01, 0.29), 0.19 (0.06, 0.31) and 0.12(-0.01, 0.25), respectively] significantly more than FCF [0.92 (0.64, 1.20)] but not to FW group [0.14 (0.04, 0.24)]. The prevalence of anemia was reduced to a greater extent in the MMS and IFS groups (72% and 69%, respectively) than in the FCF group (45%) (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in anthropometry or in the number of episodes of diarrhea and respiratory infections among treatment groups. The supplements MMS and IS were less acceptable to children, than IFS, FCF and FW.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The three supplements IS, ISF and MMS increased Hb more than the FCF; the supplements that contained micronutrients (IFS and MMS) were more effective for reducing the prevalence of anemia. In general, fortified foods were better accepted by the study participants than supplements.</p> <p>ClinicalTrial.gov Identifier</p> <p>NCT00822380</p
Synergistic Effect of Lupenone and Caryophyllene Oxide against Trypanosoma cruzi
The in vitro trypanocidal activity of a 1 : 4 mixture of lupenone and caryophyllene oxide confirmed a synergistic effect of the terpenoids against epimastigotes forms of T. cruzi (IC50=10.4 μg/mL, FIC = 0.46). In addition, testing of the terpenoid mixture for its capacity to reduce the number of amastigote nests in cardiac tissue and skeletal muscle of infected mice showed a reduction of more than 80% at a dose level of 20.8 mg·kg−1·day−1
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