92 research outputs found
Hearing Impairment and Quality of Life in Adults with Asymmetric Hearing Loss: Benefits of Bimodal Stimulation
Objectives: Bimodal stimulation for asymmetric hearing loss is an emerging treatment with proven audiometric outcomes. Our objectives are to assess the changes of the hearing impairment and the quality of life of patients treated with this type of stimulation, when compared to a unilateral Cochlear Implant (CI) stimulated condition.
Materials and methods: 31 patients with asymmetric hearing loss (Group 1) were recruited for the study. They were divided into three groups, based on their hearing loss in the ear treated with the hearing aid: Group 1A (Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA) between 41 and 70 decibels (dB)); Group 1B, (PTA between 71 and 80 dB) and Group 1C (PTA between 81 and 90 dB). 30 patients had profound, bilateral hearing loss. Then, users of a unilateral cochlear implant were recruited for the control group. Their hearing impairment and quality of life were analyzed with questionnaires Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit (APHAB), Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale (SSQ) and the Health Utilities Index (HUI). They were followed up for at least 2 years.
Results: The group with the asymmetric hearing loss obtains a statistically significant clinical improvement in the APHAB under category "with hearing aid" compared to "without hearing aid". The group with the asymmetric hearing loss benefits more across basically all variables compared with the control group in the SSQ. Group 1A obtains the best outcome of the sample in the HUI.
Conclusion: Bimodal stimulation and better hearing in the ear treated with the hearing aid reduce hearing impairment and improve the quality of life
Organización de un programa de implantes cocleares
A cochlear implant (CI) programme brings together a number of professionals who,
during the stages of selection, surgery, programming, rehabilitation and monitoring, develop a
series of tasks aimed at promoting comprehensive attention to the implanted patient.
The aim of this paper was to describe in detail the tasks in each of the phases described in a
programme of CI, materials and necessary equipment and the role of the professionals involved.
It also raised a number of recommendations on how to develop a CI programme gradually to
facilitate the progression from the simplest to the mos
Tipos de implantes activos de oído medio
Active middle ear implants are classified as piezoelectric implants,
which use the properties of piezoelectric materials.
There are two types of piezoelectric implants: monomorphic
and dimorphic; electromagnetic transduction uses a magnet,
usually a rare earth magnet (e.g. samarium cobalt) and an
energizing coil. This magnetic field causes the magnet to vibrate,
which in turn, through the tympanic-ossicular chain,
causes movement of the cochlear fluids. Electromechanical
transduction is a variation of electromagnetic transduction
Temblor ortostático como causa de inestabilidad
Orthostatic tremor (OT) is a neurological disease of unknown aetiology. It is defined
by the presence of a 10-20 Hz tremor in the legs while standing still. Symptoms described are
dizziness and instability that diminish if the patient sits down or leans on something; drinking
small amounts of alcohol significantly reduces OT. Due to the dizziness and/or unsteadiness,
these patients are usually referred to the neuro-otology department. We report 4 cases diagnosed
with OT. The diagnosis of OT should be considered for patients with instability. The
clinical history is a key factor to suspect this entity, and the diagnosis is given by the register of
10-20 Hz contractions on limb electromyography. Treatment for this disease consists of medical
treatment; the first option is clonazepam.
© 2011 Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved
Histopathological reaction in the vestibule after cochlear implantation in Macaca fascicularis.
Cochlear implantation surgery (CI) is considered a safe procedure and is the standard treatment for the auditory
rehabilitation in patients with severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss. Although the development of
minimally traumatic surgical concepts (MTSC) have enabled the preservation of residual hearing after the implantation, there is scarce literature regarding the vestibular affection following MTCS.
The aim of the study is to analyze histopathologic changes in the vestibule after CI in an animal model (Macaca
fascicularis). Cochlear implantation was performed successfully in 14 ears following MTCS. They were classified
in two groups upon type of electrode array used. Group A (n = 6) with a FLEX 28 electrode array and Group B (n
= 8) with HL14 array. A 6-month follow-up was carried out with periodic objective auditory testing. After their
sacrifice, histological processing and subsequent analysis was carried out. Intracochlear findings, vestibular
presence of fibrosis, obliteration or collapse is analyzed. Saccule and utricle dimensions and neuroepithelium
width is measured.
Cochlear implantation was performed successfully in all 14 ears through a round window approach. Mean
angle of insertion was >270◦ for group A and 180–270◦ for group B. In group A auditory deterioration was
observed in Mf 1A, Mf2A and Mf5A with histopathological signs of scala tympani ossification, saccule collapse
(Mf1A and Mf2A) and cochlear aqueduct obliteration (Mf5A). Besides, signs of endolymphatic sinus dilatation
was seen for Mf2B and Mf5A. Regarding group B, no auditory deterioration was observed. Histopathological
signs of endolymphatic sinus dilatation were seen in Mf 2B and Mf 8B.
In conclusion, the risk of histological damage of the vestibular organs following minimally traumatic surgical
concepts and the soft surgery principles is very low. CI surgery is a safe procedure and it can be done preserving
the vestibular structures
Treatment for hearing loss among the elderly: auditory outcomes and impact on quality of life
The study aim was to determine the benefit of cochlear im-
plantation and hearing aids in older adults diagnosed with
hearing loss and to evaluate the index of depression, anxiety
and quality of life after such treatments. A retrospective co-
hort comprised 117 patients older than 65 years and diag-
nosed with moderate to profound hearing loss who were
included and classified into 2 groups (treated vs. non-treat-
ed). A battery of tests including auditory (pure-tone average,
disyllabic words in quiet at 65 dB SPL) and findings from a
series of questions relevant to quality of life were compared
between both groups. Auditory outcomes for disyllabic
words were 58.21% for the cochlear implant-treated group
and 82.8% for the hearing aid-treated group. There was a
positive effect on anxiety, depression, health status and
quality of life in the cochlear implant group versus the pro-
found hearing loss control group. We conclude that older
adults with moderate to profound hearing loss gain benefit from hearing aids or cochlear implants not only in terms of
improved hearing function, but also in terms of positive ef-
fects on anxiety, depression, health status and quality of life
Discriminant analysis of principal components and pedigree assessment of genetic diversity and population structure in a tetraploid potato panel using SNPs
The reported narrow genetic base of cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum) can be expanded by the introgression of many related species with large genetic diversity. The analysis of the genetic structure of a potato population is important to broaden the genetic base of breeding programs by the identification of different genetic pools. A panel composed by 231 diverse genotypes was characterized using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers of the Illumina Infinium Potato SNP Array V2 to identify population structure and assess genetic diversity using discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) and pedigree analysis. Results revealed the presence of five clusters within the populations differentiated principally by ploidy, taxonomy, origin and breeding program. The information obtained in this work could be readily used as a guide for parental introduction in new breeding programs that want to maximize variability by combination of contrasting variability sources such as those presented here.Fil: Deperi, Sofía Irene. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Tagliotti, Martin Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Bedogni, María Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Manrique Carpintero, Norma C.. Michigan State University; Estados UnidosFil: Coombs, Joseph. Michigan State University; Estados UnidosFil: Zhang, Ruofang. Inner Mongolia University; ChinaFil: Douches, David. Michigan State University; Estados UnidosFil: Huarte, Marcelo Atilio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentin
Correlation between high-resolution computed tomography scan findings and histological findings in human vestibular end organs and surgical implications
Background: Histological study of vestibular end organs has
been challenging due to the difficulty in preserving their
structures for histological analysis and due to their complex
geometry. Recently, radiology advances have allowed to
deepen the study of the membranous labyrinth. Summary:
A review and analysis of surgical implications related to the
anatomy of the vestibular end organ is performed. Radiological advances are key in the advancement of the knowledge of the anatomy and pathology of the vestibule. Thus,
application of such knowledge in the development or improvement of surgical procedures may facilitate the development of novel techniques. Key Messages: During the last
few decades, the knowledge of the anatomy of the auditory
system through histology and radiology had improved.
Technological advances in this field may lead to a better diagnosis and therapeutic approach of most common and important diseases affecting the inner ear
Revisión de los criterios audiométricos en el tratamiento de la hipoacusia neurosensorial mediante audífonos y prótesis auditivas implantables
Sensorineural hearing loss has a high incidence in our population;
as a matter of fact, 50 % of people above 75 years
of age suffer this impairment.
Due to the advances in the devices to alleviate this condition
and their verified efficacy, it is now appropriate to review
the indications for these devices and provide a detailed
description of the audioprosthetic systems used.
These systems can be classified as external non-implantable
devices (hearing aids) and implantable prostheses. The latter
can be sub-divided into active implants in the external
ear or middle ear, cochlear implants, and auditory brainstem
implants (ABI).
Indications for each group are determined by the type and
location of the underlying condition as well as by the
anatomic, functional, and social characteristics of each patient.
It must be stressed that the selection and monitoring
of the treatment is up to the specialist. Generally speaking,
an attempt is made to facilitate the integration of the hypoacusic
patients to their sound setting by enhancing their
understanding of the spoken word and restoring binaurality,
while at the same time, seeking to retain the plasticity of
central auditory routes through the stimulation provided
by any of these systems.
In the course of this review, we refer to newly-emerging
indications in both the field of cochlear implants (bimodal
stimulation, implantation in patients with residual hearing,
bilateral implants, etc) and in the area of ABI in patients
with tumoural disease previously treated with radiosurgery
or patients with non-tumour pathologies presenting malformations
or bilateral cochlear ossification
Use of easy measurable phenotypic traits as a complementary approach to evaluate the population structure and diversity in a high heterozygous panel of tetraploid clones and cultivars
Diversity in crops is fundamental for plant breeding efforts. An accurate assessment of genetic diversity, using molecular markers, such as single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), must be able to reveal the structure of the population under study. A characterization of population structure using easy measurable phenotypic traits could be a preliminary and low-cost approach to elucidate the genetic structure of a population. A potato population of 183 genotypes was evaluated using 4859 high-quality SNPs and 19 phenotypic traits commonly recorded in potato breeding programs. A Bayesian approach, Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) and diversity estimator, as well as multivariate analysis based on phenotypic traits, were adopted to assess the population structure. Results: Analysis based on molecular markers showed groups linked to the phylogenetic relationship among the germplasm as well as the link with the breeding program that provided the material. Diversity estimators consistently structured the population according to a priori group estimation. The phenotypic traits only discriminated main groups with contrasting characteristics, as different subspecies, ploidy level or membership in a breeding program, but were not able to discriminate within groups. A joint molecular and phenotypic characterization analysis discriminated groups based on phenotypic classification, taxonomic category, provenance source of genotypes and genetic background. Conclusions: This paper shows the significant level of diversity existing in a parental population of potato as well as the putative phylogenetic relationships among the genotypes. The use of easily measurable phenotypic traits among highly contrasting genotypes could be a reasonable approach to estimate population structure in the initial phases of a potato breeding program.Fil: Tagliotti, Martin Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Deperi, Sofía Irene. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Bedogni, María Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Zhang, Ruofang. Inner Mongolia University; ChileFil: Manrique Carpintero, Norma C.. Michigan State University; Estados UnidosFil: Coombs, Joseph. Michigan State University; Estados UnidosFil: Douches, David. Michigan State University; Estados UnidosFil: Huarte, Marcelo Atilio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentin
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