KAJIAN PEMAHAMAN, PORTOFOLIO DAN SIKAP SISWA SMP KELAS VIII DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPA MATERI ALAT OPTIK

Penelitian dilaksanakan disalah satu SMP Negeri di Bandung. Jumlah partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 20 orang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan desain pra eksperimen (pre-experimental design). Tujuan diadakannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji kemampuan pemahaman siswa, pelaksanaan asesmen portofolio dalam proses pembelajaran dan sikap siswa pada pembelajaran IPA. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes pemahaman konsep untuk mengukur kemampuan pemahaman siswa, tugas mandiri sebagai portofolio untuk mengukur kemampuan siswa dalam menyelesaikan tugas-tugas portofolio, dan Test of Science Related Attitudes (TOSRA) untuk mengukur sikap siswa terhadap pelajaran IPA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada peningkatan pemahaman siswa pada setiap pertemuan yang diukur menggunakan gain ternormalisasi (n-gain) sebesar 0.75 (berada pada kategori tinggi), 0.6 (kategori sedang), 0.67 (kategori sedang), dan 0.6 (kategori sedang). Berdasarkan kajian terhadap portofolio, ditemukan bahwa asesmen portofolio mampu menolong siswa untuk mengkonstruk pemahamannya dengan baik. Hal ini terlihat dari respon siswa terhadap tugas-tugas yang diberikan.;---This study was held in one of junior high school in Bandung by amploying samples of 20 eight grade students. The method used in this study is experimental study consisting of pre-experimental design. The purpose of this study is to investigate ability of student’s comprehension, implementation of portofolio assesment in learning process and student’s attitudes towards science learning. The instrument used was test of comprehension concept which is to measure the ability of student’s comprehension, independent task for measuring student’s ability in solve portofolio task, and test of science related attitudes (TOSRA) for measuring student’s attitudes towards science learning. After the research was conducted, the obtained results shows that there is an increase of student’s comprehension at every meeting where value N-gain interpreted was 0.75 (in high category), 0.6 (moderate category), 0.67 (moderate category), and 0.6 (moderate category). Based on analyze towards implementation of assesment portofolio, it’s found that portofolio assesment helps students to construct their comprehension well. This can be seen from student’s responses towards assignment given

Investigation of Radiation Protection Measures in Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy Facilities: A Study Based on NCRP Report 147

Fluoroscopy, also referred to as the C-Arm, is a direct imaging modality used in interventional radiology. It is commonly used, particularly in Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy (ESWL) for kidney stone removal. The process of kidney stone destruction typically spans from 45 to 60 minutes. Continuous exposure to the radiation can lead to an accumulation of radiation dosage, potentially causing harmful effects. Radiation shielding is one of the most important factors for radiation protection in obtaining a license to construct a radiation room. Radiation shielding requires a minimum thickness to prevent exposure to radiation from escaping the room and posing a risk to the public. Measurements were conducted within the ESWL facility situated at XYZ private hospital, encompassing both internal and external locations, spanning across a total of 11 designated measurement points. The calculations were performed in accordance with the guidelines stated in NCRP Report No.147. The result obtained were 1.665; 1.681; 1.686; 1.109; and 1.716 mm for lead material thickness and 223.8; 225.9; 226.4; 153.2; and 230.2 mm for concrete material thickness. The hospital walls were constructed using concrete with a thickness of 200 mm and were additionally covered with a 2 mm Pb coating. In conclusion, the lead installed meets NCRP standards, but the thickness of the concrete walls around the room still falls short of the requirements

Algoritma Convolutional Neural Network sebagai Alat Bantu Analisa Tingkat Keparahan Tumor Otak

AbstrakKecerdasan buatan telah menjadi dasar dalam pengembangan computer-aided-diagnosed (CAD), yaitu alat tambahan yang digunakan untuk melakukan diagnosa penyakit, misalnya tumor otak. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan klasifikasi otomatis citra MRI otak ke dalam 4 kategori, yaitu tumor otak grade II, III, IV dan non-tumor menggunakan Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Tiga jenis arsitektur yang digunakan, yaitu arsitektur 12 lapisan, Resnet-152 dan VGG-16. Peningkatan jumlah gambar dilakukan dengan melakukan 6 jenis teknik augmentasi. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa ketiga model dapat melakukan klasifikasi tumor dengan akurasi masing-masing sebesar 84%, 95% dan 84% pada data tanpa augmentasi dan 49%, 81% dan 72% untuk data yang mengalami augmentasi. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa arsitektur Resnet-152 memberikan performa terbaik dibandingkan dengan arsitektur lainnya.Kata kunci: Tumor otak, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Resnet-152, VGG-16AbstractArtificial intelligence has become the basis for the development of computer-aided-diagnosed (CAD), an additional tool used to diagnose diseases, such as brain tumors. In this study, automatic classification of brain tumor was carried out into 4 categories, namely grade II, III, IV and non-tumor using the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm. Three types of architecture are used, namely 12 layer architecture, Resnet-152 and VGG-16. The dataset comes from the REMBRANDT and IXI dataset. Increasing the number of images using 6 types of augmentation techniques is also done. The results show that the three models can classify tumors with an accuracy of 84%, 95% and 84% respectively for data without augmentation and 49%, 81% and 72% for data with augmentation. It can be concluded that the Resnet-152 architecture provides the best performance than the other architectures.Keywords: Brain tumor, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Resnet-152, VGG-1

Validation of Varian Clinac¬ iX Model on 6 MV Photon Beam Using Fast Monte Carlo Simulation

Monte Carlo (MC) is widely recognized as the most accurate method for dosimetry analysis in radiotherapy due to its precision. However, successful MC dose calculation hinges upon the validation of the linac model employed in simulations. This study aims to verify the PRIMO model of the Varian Clinac iX and to determine the optimal initial electron energy. The comparison of one-dimensional dose distribution between simulations and measurements serves as the foundation for assessment. The Varian Clinac iX on 6 MV photon beam was meticulously modeled with the initial electron energies spanned from 5.2 to 5.8 MeV in increments of 0.2 MeV. The dose calculation were performed for a field size of 10 cm × 10 cm and a source-to-surface distance (SSD) of 100 cm. The Dose Planning Method (DPM) was adopted as the simulation engine for expedited MC simulation. A number of particle histories–approximately 4.0 × 108–were simulated, resulting in the generation of around 109 particles from the linac head. The investigation revealed that an initial electron energy of 5.8 MeV achieves good agreement with measurement by attaining the smallest difference in percentage depth dose (PDD) of about 0.98%. The lateral dose deviation of approximately 4.63% serves to validate the precision of the secondary collimator design. Additionally, a comparative analysis of DPM and PENELOPE for dose calculation was conducted. In contrast to the PENELOPE, the DPM speeds up simulation time by approximately 3.5 times, reduced statistical uncertainties to 0.59% and afford better accuracy in dose calculation. The result underscore the suitability of the PRIMO model for MC simulation for dose calculation, given its robust agreement with the measurements

POLA PEMBINAAN BAGI NARAPIDANA PEREMPUAN DI LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN

Pembinaan merupakan suatu program yang di lakukan oleh Lembaga Pemasyarakatan  untuk menyiapkan narapidana agar dapat kembali ketengah-tengah masyarakat sehingga masyarakat dapat menerima narapidana tersebut secara utuh dan tanpa ada rasa penolakan dari masyarakat terhadap narapidana tersebut,sehingga narapidana tersebut dapat melanjutkan kembali kehidupan mereka di tengah-tengah masyarakat sebagaimana biasanya. Dalam tulisan kali ini pembinaan narapidana tidak hanya di lakukan bagi narapidana laki-laki saja tetapi pembinaan juga di lakukan bagi narapidana perempuan yang minoritas keberadaannya di dalam lembaga pemasyarakatan. Tentu saja pola pembinaan yang di lakukan bagi narapidana perempuan berbeda dengan pola pembinaan bagi narapidana laki-laki. Pola pembinaan yang di rancang oleh Lembaga Pemasyarakatan sendiri berfungsi untuk mengembalikan keberfungsian social narapidana pasca menjalani masa pidana di dalam lembaga pemasyarakatan. Dalam proses pembinaan narapidana perempuan ini tidak lepas dari peran petugas pemasyarakatan dan pembimbing kemasyarakatan. Dalam proses pembinaan narapidana ini juga di lakukan secara bertahap, agar narapidana perempuan dapat segera mengerti dan segera sadar selama narapidana ini menjalankan masa pidananya di dalam lembaga pemasyarakatan. Untuk itu sangat di perlukan peran dari petugas pemasyarakatan dalam proses pembinaan narapidana perempuan ini selama mereka menjalankan masa pidananya

The PENGARUH KETERAMPILAN MANAJERIAL KEPALA SEKOLAH DAN PEMBERIAN REWARD TERHADAP KINERJA GURU: PERAN MOTIVASI GURU SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI

This study aims to determine the effect of the principal's managerial skills and the provision of rewards on teacher performance through teacher motivation. This study uses a quantitative approach. The population in this study was 100 with a total sampling technique of sampling. The data in this study were processed using path analysis or path analysis assisted by the Smart PLS program. The results showed that partially managerial skills affect teacher performance as well as work motivation. Partially giving rewards also affect teacher performance and work motivation. Another result of the path analysis test found that indirectly motivation can affect the relationship between managerial skills on teacher performance as well as giving rewards to teacher performance. These results illustrate that the presence of good principal managerial skills and the provision of appropriate rewards can increase teacher motivation so that it also has an impact on maximum work results.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh keterampilan manajerial kepala sekolah dan pemberian reward terhadap kinerja guru melalui motivasi guru. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 100 dengan teknik pengambilan sampel total sampling. Data pada penelitian ini diolah menggunakan analisis jalur atau path analysis berbantuan program Smart PLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial keterampilan manajerial berpengaruh terhadap kinerja guru sekaligus motivasi kerja. Secara parsial pemberian reward juga berpengaruh terhadap kinerja guru dan motivasi kerja. Hasil lain dari uji path analysis menemukan bahwa secara tidak langsung motivasi dapat mempengaruhi hubungan antara keterampilan manajerial terhadap kinerja guru juga pemberian reward terhadap kinerja guru. hasil ini menggambarkan bahwa dengan adanya keterampilan manajerial kepala sekolah yang baik dan pemberian reward yang sesuai dapat meningkatkan motivasi guru sehingga berdampak pula pada hasil kerja yang maksimal