Suspicion of Motives Predicts Minorities' Responses to Positive Feedback in Interracial Interactions.

Strong social and legal norms in the United States discourage the overt expression of bias against ethnic and racial minorities, increasing the attributional ambiguity of Whites' positive behavior to ethnic minorities. Minorities who suspect that Whites' positive overtures toward minorities are motivated more by their fear of appearing racist than by egalitarian attitudes may regard positive feedback they receive from Whites as disingenuous. This may lead them to react to such feedback with feelings of uncertainty and threat. Three studies examined how suspicion of motives relates to ethnic minorities' responses to receiving positive feedback from a White peer or same-ethnicity peer (Experiment 1), to receiving feedback from a White peer that was positive or negative (Experiment 2), and to receiving positive feedback from a White peer who did or did not know their ethnicity (Experiment 3). As predicted, the more suspicious Latinas were of Whites' motives for behaving positively toward minorities in general, the more they regarded positive feedback from a White peer who knew their ethnicity as disingenuous and the more they reacted with cardiovascular reactivity characteristic of threat/avoidance, increased feelings of stress, heightened uncertainty, and decreased self-esteem. We discuss the implications for intergroup interactions of perceptions of Whites' motives for nonprejudiced behavior

Vacuum-assisted closure therapy after resection of giant basal cell carcinoma of the scalp

Management of complicated wounds is a challenge in head and neck reconstruction. Although the negative pressure wound therapy or wound vacuum-assisted closure has been widely used in complicated wounds and shows promising results, its application in the head and neck region after reconstruction for the head and neck cancer is rarely presented. A 77-year-old woman underwent a radical resection of an extensive basal cell carcinoma of the scalp and forehead involving the periosteum, where classic reconstruction was difficult, but successfully treated with negative pressure wound therapy. Negative pressure wound therapy is an efficacious tool in cases of complex and extensive defects, when we expect immediate reconstruction with poor results, as would be probable with this scalp lesion.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Atypical presentation of sigmoid carcinoma

Colorectal carcinoma is common worldwide and its metastasis represents the main cause of mortality related to the disease. Inguinal metastization of this tumor has been considered almost impossible, owing to colon anatomy and its cranial lymphatic drainage. We report the case of a 63-year-old man submitted to laparoscopical sigmoid colectomy, due a sigmoid adenocarcinoma. During follow-up, a right inguinal lymphadenopathy with 25 mm was detected. Fine needle aspiration biopsy revealed that it was a colon adenocarcinoma metastasis, and thus the patient underwent an inguinal lymphadenectomy. The histological study confirmed metastatic adenocarcinoma of the colon and the patient was submitted to 5-fluouracil and oxaliplatin chemotherapy. This case coursed with metastasis to the right inguinal region; although, the pathophysiological mechanism involved is difficult to understand. There are no solid data for the management of these patients. Inguinal lymphadenectomy and chemotherapy, proved to be effective.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Safer sex in later life: Qualitative interviews with older Australians on their understandings and practices of safer sex

Rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are increasing in older cohorts in Western countries such as Australia, the U.K. and the U.S., suggesting a need to examine the safer sex knowledge and practices of older people. This article presents findings from 53 qualitative interviews from the study “Sex, Age & Me: a National Study of Sex and Relationships Among Australians aged 60+.” Participants were recruited through an online national survey. We consider how participants understood “safer sex,” the importance of safer sex to them, the safer sex practices they used (and the contexts in which they used them), and the barriers to using safer sex. Older adults had diverse understandings, knowledge, and use of safer sex practices, although participants tended to focus most strongly on condom use. Having safer sex was strongly mediated by relationship context, trust, perceived risk of contracting an STI, concern for personal health, and stigma. Common barriers to safer sex included erectile difficulties, embarrassment, stigma, reduced pleasure, and the lack of a safer sex culture among older people. The data presented has important implications for sexual health policy, practice, and education and health promotion campaigns aimed at improving the sexual health and wellbeing of older cohorts

The Importance of Sex and the Meaning of Sex and Sexual Pleasure for Men Aged 60 and Older Who Engage in Heterosexual Relationships: Findings from a Qualitative Interview Study

That many older individuals continue to engage in various forms of sexual expression well into later life is now well established in the literature. To date, however, only a small body of qualitative research has examined older men’s experiences and understandings of sex in later life. Likewise, the ways in which older men’s discussions on sex may be used as an avenue for “doing” masculinity remain underexplored. Older men are particularly interesting in this regard, as they inhabit an increasingly subordinated position in relation to hegemonic masculine ideals because of their age. To what extent might this limit or, alternatively, open up the possibilities for sexual expression and subjectivity in later life? Drawing on a subset of findings from Sex, Age, and Me: A National Study with Australian Women and Men Aged 60 and Older, data from qualitative interviews with 27 Australian men were explored in this article. The first Australian study of its kind, we argue that older men who engage in heterosexual relationships draw on a diverse and complex array of discursive positions regarding sex, relationships, and masculinity in making sense of their experiences of sex in later life. Older men are a heterogeneous group, and their experiences and understandings of sex do not simplistically follow “decline” or “success” narratives of aging. The findings of this research build upon and extend emerging research illustrating the centrality of intimacy to older men’s sexual lives, while simultaneously highlighting the ways in which the body and discursive constructions of sex intersect to shape older men’s sexual subjectivities

Self-reported testing and treatment histories among older Australian men and women who may be at risk of a sexually transmissible infection

Background: Rates of sexually transmissible infections (STIs) are increasing among older adults in many countries. Little is known about the testing and treatment histories of these populations. Correlates of testing in the past 5 years among older adults who may be at risk of a STI were examined. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 2137 Australians aged 60+ years that involved questions on STIs and STI testing was conducted in 2015. To help inform potential education campaigns, analyses focused on those who may have been at risk of a STI (n = 805, 38%). Results: Less than one in three reported a STI test in the past 5 years (n = 241, 30%) while 6% (n = 51) reported a STI diagnosis. Those diagnosed typically received treatment from a family doctor or general practitioner. Among men, lower testing rates were associated with older age, identifying as heterosexual, lower educational attainment, not using online dating and reporting one partner in the past 5 years. For women, lower rates of testing were found among those who did not use a condom at their most recent sexual encounter and those with one partner in the past 5 years. Conclusions: STI testing rates were low. This study indicates that consideration should be given to the way targeted education campaigns are formulated, such as emphasising the importance of STI testing to older people who are at risk, as well as encouraging healthcare professionals to discuss sexual health with their older patients

Sexually active older Australian's knowledge of sexually transmitted infections and safer sexual practices.

OBJECTIVE: Rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are rising among older Australians. We conducted a large survey of older people's knowledge of STIs and safer sexual practices. METHODS: A total of 2,137 Australians aged 60 years and older completed the survey, which included 15 questions assessing knowledge of STIs and safer sexual practices. We examined both levels of knowledge and factors associated with an overall knowledge score. RESULTS: In total, 1,652 respondents reported having sex in the past five years and answered all knowledge questions. This group had good general knowledge but poorer knowledge in areas such as the protection offered by condoms and potential transmission modes for specific STIs. Women had better knowledge than men. Men in their 60s, men with higher education levels, and men who thought they were at risk of STIs reported better knowledge than other men. Knowledge was also better among men and women who had been tested for STIs or reported 'other' sources of knowledge on STIs. CONCLUSIONS: Many older Australians lack knowledge of STIs and safer sexual practices. Implications for public health: To reverse current trends toward increasing STI diagnoses in this population, policies and education campaigns aimed at improving knowledge levels may need to be considered

Antioxidant enzymes preserving coffee quality in refrigerate environment.

Post-harvest phases may cause biochemical and physiological changes with direct effects on coffee (Coffea sp.) grains quality during its storage. The aim of this study was to determine the relevance of antioxidant isoenzyme expression on the coffee grains quality undergoing different types of processing and storage conditions. Coffea arabica L. ripe fruits was harvested, part of them was dry processed and another part was wet processing. Immediately, the coffee was dried. After drying, some of the grains were hulled and the other part was maintained unhulled. After that, the grains were stored under refrigerate controlled conditions (10 ºC and 50% relative humidity) or at 25 ºC without relative humidity control for a period of 12 months. Enzymatic expression of catalase, esterase, peroxidase, and alcohol dehydrogenase enzymes was evaluated in the coffee grains in these storage conditions by electrophoretic analysis. The results were compared to the sensorial and physiological profiles of the samples. It was found that expression of enzymes of the antioxidative process is associated with changes in the quality of coffee grains. Natural coffee obtained by dry processing is more sensitive to biochemical changes than wet-processed coffee. A refrigerated environment has a beneficial ffect for preserving the coffee grains showed by higher expression of catalase, peroxidase, and alcohol dehydrogenase enzymes after six months of storage in these conditions. The protection of the endosperm by the presence of the pericarp in natural coffee or the endocarp in fully-washed coffee is beneficial to maintenance of quality and is related to expression of antioxidant enzymes.Título em espanhol: Enzimas antioxidantes preservan la calidad del café en ambiente refrigerado

Facile synthesis of precious-metal single-site catalysts using organic solvents

Single-site catalysts can demonstrate high activity and selectivity in many catalytic reactions. The synthesis of these materials by impregnation from strongly oxidizing aqueous solutions or pH-controlled deposition often leads to low metal loadings or a range of metal species. Here, we demonstrate that simple impregnation of the metal precursors onto activated carbon from a low-boiling-point, low-polarity solvent, such as acetone, results in catalysts with an atomic dispersion of cationic metal species. We show the generality of this method by producing single-site Au, Pd, Ru and Pt catalysts supported on carbon in a facile manner. Single-site Au/C catalysts have previously been validated commercially to produce vinyl chloride, and here we show that this facile synthesis method can produce effective catalysts for acetylene hydrochlorination in the absence of the highly oxidizing acidic solvents previously used