Radial growth of functions from the Korenblum space

We study radial behavior of analytic and harmonic functions, which admit a certain majorant in the unit disk. We prove that extremal growth or decay may occur only along small sets of radii and give precise estimates of these exceptional sets.Comment: 18 page

Quantitative uniqueness for elliptic equations with singular lower order terms

We use a Carleman type inequality of Koch and Tataru to obtain quantitative estimates of unique continuation for solutions of second order elliptic equations with singular lower order terms. First we prove a three sphere inequality and then describe two methods of propagation of smallness from sets of positive measure.Comment: 23 pages, v2 small changes are done and some mistakes are correcte

The Juno Magnetic Field Investigation

The Juno Magnetic Field investigation (MAG) characterizes Jupiter's planetary magnetic field and magnetosphere, providing the first globally distributed and proximate measurements of the magnetic field of Jupiter. The magnetic field instrumentation consists of two independent magnetometer sensor suites, each consisting of a tri-axial Fluxgate Magnetometer (FGM) sensor and a pair of co-located imaging sensors mounted on an ultra-stable optical bench. The imaging system sensors are part of a subsystem that provides accurate attitude information (to approx. 20 arcsec on a spinning spacecraft) near the point of measurement of the magnetic field. The two sensor suites are accommodated at 10 and 12 m from the body of the spacecraft on a 4 m long magnetometer boom affixed to the outer end of one of 's three solar array assemblies. The magnetometer sensors are controlled by independent and functionally identical electronics boards within the magnetometer electronics package mounted inside Juno's massive radiation shielded vault. The imaging sensors are controlled by a fully hardware redundant electronics package also mounted within the radiation vault. Each magnetometer sensor measures the vector magnetic field with 100 ppm absolute vector accuracy over a wide dynamic range (to 16 Gauss = 1.6 x 10(exp. 6) nT per axis) with a resolution of approx. 0.05 nT in the most sensitive dynamic range (+/-1600 nT per axis). Both magnetometers sample the magnetic field simultaneously at an intrinsic sample rate of 64 vector samples per second. The magnetic field instrumentation may be reconfigured in flight to meet unanticipated needs and is fully hardware redundant. The attitude determination system compares images with an on-board star catalog to provide attitude solutions (quaternions) at a rate of up to 4 solutions per second, and may be configured to acquire images of selected targets for science and engineering analysis. The system tracks and catalogs objects that pass through the imager field of view and also provides a continuous record of radiation exposure. A spacecraft magnetic control program was implemented to provide a magnetically clean environment for the magnetic sensors, and residual spacecraft fields andor sensor offsets are monitored in flight taking advantage of Juno's spin (nominally 2 rpm) to separate environmental fields from those that rotate with the spacecraft

ПОРАЖЕНИЯ НЕРВНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ, ВЫЗВАННЫЕ ВИРУСОМ ВАРИЦЕЛЛА-ЗОСТЕР, У ДЕТЕЙ

To describe the spectrum of neurological complications in children with varicella and against the background of herpes zoster. The study included children at the age of 0—16 years (n = 84), who recovered from exanthematous form of the disease not longer than 21 day before the appearance  of neurological symptoms (n = 82) or presented with herpes zoster (n = 2). Results: Clinical syndromes  included acute cerebellar ataxia (n = 37), meningoencephalitis (n = 34), meningitis (n = 7), polyradiculoneuropathy (n = 4), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (n = 1), and ischemic stroke (n = 1). The period from varicella onset to the appearance of neurological symptoms was 6 [5;8] days. We have not lethal cases. Аcute cerebellar ataxia is most common  postvaricella complication  in children.Цель: описать спектр неврологических осложнений у детей на фоне инфекции, вызванной вирусом Варицелла-Зостер (ВВЗ). В исследование были включены дети в возрасте от 0—16 лет (n = 84), которые переносили экзантемную форму ветряной оспы не более чем за 21 день до появления неврологических симптомов (n = 82) или которым был диагностирован опоясывающий герпес (n = 2). Результаты: клинические синдромы включали в себя: острую мозжечковую атаксию (n = 37), менингоэнцефалит (n = 35), менингит (n = 7), полирадикулонейропатию (n = 4), острый диссеминированный энцефаломиелит (ОДЭМ) (n = 1), ишемический инсульт (n = 1). Период от начала ветряной оспы до появления неврологических симптомов составил в среднем 6 дней (min  — 5, max — 8). Летальные случаи отсутствовали. Показано, что самой распространенной формой неврологических осложнений является острая мозжечковая атаксия

Характеристика клинического течения автохтонного гепатита Е в Центральном регионе России

The records of total 123 patients with hepatitis E on treatment in the infectious diseases hospital in the city of Belgorod were reviewed. Diagnosis – «acute hepatitis E» was based on the generally accepted criteria: biochemical analysis, etiological interpretation (identification of antibodies to hepatitis E of the IgM and IgG, HEV RNA with the exception of the etiologic role of other hepatotropic viruses, including Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus). HEV RNA was determined by PCR, genotyping was performed by standard methods based on the results of sequencing. The study of clinical manifestations in patients with acute hepatitis E allowed to establish some specific features of hepatitis E: predominantly occurrence in adults at the age 30 years and more; frequent complaints of arthralgia in the prejaundice period, the lack of improvement after jaundice development; pronounced dyspeptic symptoms and long bilirubinemia combined with mild transaminase elevation, hepatomegaly with no concomitant increase in the spleen. The data on the fulminant forms of hepatitis E are presented. Herein we describe the case of fulminant course of infection with a fatal outcome. Analysis of cases of severe hepatitis E have revealed the following risk factors: heart disease, chronic biliary disease, obesity, diabetes mellitus, chronic alcohol intoxication. The analysis of specific clinical manifestations of this infection is needed to select the right strategy of patient following, to set integrated differential diagnostic approach in the management of patients with middle and old age with the presence of jaundice and patients with hepatitis of unknown etiology. The inclusion of hepatitis E markers to the diagnostic algorithm is necessary for such patients.Изучены истории болезни 123 больных гепатитом Е, находящихся на лечении в инфекционной больнице города Белгорода. Диагноз «Острый гепатит Е» ставился на основании общепринятых критериев: биохимических исследований, этиологической расшифровки (определение антител к вирусу гепатита Е классов IgM и IgG, РНК ВГЕ с исключением этиологической роли других гепатотропных вирусов, в том числе Эпштейна – Барр и цитомегаловируса). РНК ВГЕ определяли ПЦР, генотипирование проводили по общепринятым методикам по результатам секвенирования. Изучены клинические проявления у больных острым гепатитом Е. Установлены некоторые особенности течения гепатита Е: преимущественно болеют взрослые от 30 лет; в пpeджeлтушном периоде частые жалобы на артралгии; отсутствие улучшения самочувствия больного при появлении желтухи; выраженные диспептические симптомы и длительная билирубинемия при нерезко выраженной активности трансаминаз; характерна гепатомегалия без сочетанного увеличения селезенки. Представлены данные о фульминантных формах гепатита Е. Описан случай фульминантного течения инфекции с летальным исходом. Результаты изучения тяжелых случаев гепатита Е выявили наличие факторов риска: болезни сердца, хронические заболевания билиарной системы, ожирение, сахарный диабет, хроническую алкогольную интоксикацию. Учет особенностей клинических проявлений этой инфекции необходим: для выбора правильной стратегии оказания медицинской помощи; комплексного дифференциально-диагностического подхода в ведении больных пожилого и старческого возраста с наличием желтухи и пациентов с гепатитами неясной этиологии. Обязательно включение в алгоритм обследования маркеров гепатита Е этих больных

РЕТРОСПЕКТИВНЫЙ КЛИНИКО-ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ СЛУЧАЕВ ГЕПАТИТА Е В САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГЕ

Hepatitis E – zoonotic disease that has received a nosological independence twenty years ago, when Russian scientist, Professor M.S. Balayan, identified the pathogen (hepatitis E). It was believed that the disease can manifest itself only in the acute form, and occur only in regions with subtropical and tropical climate conditions. The development and introduction of practicing of modern scientific research methods for detecting antibodies to activator change, to view the global prevalence of infection and present doubts on inabilities of transformation into a chronic f a retrospective analysis of hospital cases of acute jaundice hepatitis E in Saint-Petersburg.Etiologic accessory to hepatitis E implemented by discovery in serum of patients a specific marker of infection hepatitis E – an anti-HEV.In the analysis of archive documentation for 2000–2011 from the patients which were hospitalized in the Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital by S.P. Botkin only 11patients were diagnosed with «acute hepatitis E». Which indicates the presence of patients with acute hepatitis E infection among hospitalized in hospitals of the city of St. Petersburg are not endemic for this disease. The presence of cases of disease of the indigenous inhabitants of the city during the past years, which isn’t going beyond its limits, indicates the existence of «autochthonous» hepatitis E.Гепатит Е – зоонозное заболевание, получившее нозологическую самостоятельность двадцать лет назад, когда российским ученым профессором М.С. Балаяном был выявлен возбудитель (вирус гепатита Е). Считалось, что заболевание может протекать только в острой форме и актуально только для регионов с тропическим и субтропическим климатом. Разработка и внедрение в практику научных исследований современных методов детекции антител к возбудителю изменили представление о глобальной распространенности данной инфекции и поставили под сомнение невозможность трансформации в хроническую форму. Целью нашего исследования было проведение ретроспективного анализа госпитальных случаев острого желтушного гепатита Е в г. Санкт-Петербурге. Этиологическая принадлежность к гепатиту Е осуществлялась обнаружением в сыворотке крови больных специфического маркера инфицирования вирусом гепатита Е – анти-ВГЕ. При анализе архивной документации за 2000–2011 гг. больных, госпитализированных в Клиническую инфекционную больницу им. С.П. Боткина с установленным диагнозом «острый гепатит Е», выявлено 11, что свидетельствует о наличии больных острым гепатитом Е среди госпитализированных в инфекционные стационары города Санкт-Петербурга, который не является эндемичным по данному заболеванию. Наличие случаев заболевания у коренных жителей города, на протяжении последних лет не выезжающих за его пределы, свидетельствует о существовании «аутохтонного» гепатита Е

Coverage with timely administered vaccination against hepatitis b virus and its influence on the prevalence of HBV infection in the regions of different endemicity

Funding Information: Funding: This research was funded by grant of the Russian Science Foundation (ID-20-15-00148). Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Universal hepatitis B vaccination of newborns was implemented in Russia starting from 1998. From 1998 to 2019, the incidence of acute hepatitis B reduced from 43.8 to 0.57 cases per 100,000 population. Here, we assessed the timely coverage of newborns with the birth dose (HepB-BD), second dose (HepB-2nd), and three vaccine doses (HepB3) in two remote regions of Russia with low (Belgorod Oblast) and high (Yakutia) levels of hepatitis B virus (HBV) endemicity. Vaccination data were obtained from the medical records of 1000 children in Yakutia and 2182 children in Belgorod Oblast. Sera of healthy volunteers from Belgorod Oblast (n = 1754) and Yakutia (n = 1072) across all age groups were tested for serological markers of HBV to assess the infection prevalence and herd immunity. Average HepB-BD coverage was 99.2% in Yakutia and 89.4% in Belgorod Oblast (p < 0.0001) and in both regions varied significantly, from 66% to 100%, between medical centers. The principal reason for the absence of HepB-BD was parent refusal, which accounted for 63.5% of cases of non-vaccination (83/123). While timely HepB-2nd coverage was only 55.4%–64.7%: HepB3 coverage by the age of one year exceeded 90% in both study regions. HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence in the 1998–2019 birth cohort was 0.2% (95% CI: 0.01–1.3%) in Belgorod Oblast and 3.2% (95% CI: 1.9–5.2%) in Yakutia. The proportion of persons testing negative for both antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) and antibodies to HBV core antigen (anti-HBc) in the 1998–2019 birth cohort was 26.2% (125/481) in Belgorod Oblast and 32.3% (162/501) in Yakutia. We also assessed the knowledge of and attitude towards vaccination among 782 students and teachers of both medical and non-medical specialties from Belgorod State University. Only 60% of medical students knew that hepatitis B is a vaccine-preventable disease. Both medical and nonmedical students, 37.8% and 31.3%, respectively, expressed concerns about safety and actual necessity of vaccination. These data indicate the need to introduce a vaccine delivery audit system, improve medical education with respect to vaccination strategies and policies, and reinforce public knowledge on the benefits of vaccination.Peer reviewe