PROJETO DE COLETA DE AMOSTRA DE CONDENADOS: Incremento do Auxílio a Investigações e a Justiça

RESUMO A legislação brasileira determina que os indivíduos devem ser obrigatoriamente incluídos nos Bancos de Perfis Genéticos nos casos de condenações por crimes hediondos ou de violência de natureza grave contra a pessoa. Em 2017, pouco mais de 2.000 indivíduos tiveram seus perfis genéticos inseridos nos bancos de dados de DNA. No entanto, estima-se que 137.600 indivíduos sejam identificados por perfis genéticos. No início de 2018, o Projeto de Coleta de Amostra de Condenados foi iniciado. O objetivo foi o cumprimento legal, atingir o objetivo estratégico de inserir perfis de condenados em bancos de dados de DNA em 50% (N = 68.670) e promover a integração entre os Laboratórios Forenses de DNA do Brasil. Houve um crescimento de mais de 2621% no perfil genético de criminosos condenados no RIBPG (2.008 em 29 de novembro de 2017, comparado a 54.657 em 29 de novembro de 2019). Esse crescimento expressivo também resultou em um aumento notável no número de coincidências e investigações auxiliadas pelo uso de bancos de dados de perfis genéticos. Cita-se, por exemplo, a resolução do crime sexual e assassinato da garota Rachel Genofre, onze anos após a ocorrência do delito. Palavra-chave: RIBPG, Banco Nacional de Perfil Genético, condenado, perfil genético, DNA, perícia criminal   ABSTRACT  Brazilian legislation determines that individuals must obligatorily be included in DNA databases in cases of convictions for heinous or wilful violent crimes. In 2017, just over 2,000 individuals had their genetic profiles inserted into DNA databases. However, it is estimated that 137,600 individuals should be identified by genetic profiles. In early 2018, the Convict Genetic Profile Identification Project was started. It aimed to obey the law, to reach the strategic goal of insert convicts' profiles in DNA databases to 50% (N = 68,670) and to promote the integration between Brazilian Forensic DNA Laboratories. There has been a growth of over 2621% in convicted offender genetic profile in RIBPG (2,008 on November 29, 2017, compared to 54,657 on November 29, 2019). This expressive growth has also resulted in a notable increase in the number of coincidences and investigations aided through the use of Genetic Profile Databases. For example, the resolution of the sexual crime and murder of the girl Rachel Genofre is cited, eleven years after the crime occurred.       Keywords: RIBPG, Brazilian National DNA Database, convicted offender, genetic profile, DNA, criminal expertis

Results of the GEP-ISFG collaborative study on an X-STR Decaplex

A collaborative work was carried out by the Spanish and Portuguese ISFG Working Group with a PCR multiplex for X chromosome STRs. Markers were selected among those described as polymorphic in humans and that have been used by some laboratories in forensics. Primers and various technical methods were investigated with the aim of optimizing a multiplex for the 10 selected X-STRs. Primer mix stock solutions were sent to the laboratories that were asked to analyse two female bloodstains, taking as reference the genetic profiles from 9947A, 9948 and NA3657 samples. In this work, we report the results obtained by 30 GEP-ISFG laboratories, using this Decaplex, as well as alternative technical conditions that also produced good results. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from alow-endemic setting in northwestern state of Paraná in Southern Brazil

The purpose of this study was to provide information about the genetic diversity and prevalent genotype of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a low-endemic setting in northwestern state of Paraná in Southern Brazil. We employed spoligotyping and mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) techniques to genotype M. tuberculosisisolates from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). The 93 isolates analyzed by spoligotyping were divided into 36 different patterns, 30 of which were described in the SITVIT database. Latin American and Mediterranean, Haarlem and T families were responsible for 26.9%, 17.2% and 11.8% of TB cases, respectively. From the 84 isolates analyzed by MIRU-VNTR, 58 shared a unique pattern and the remaining 26 belonged to nine clusters. The MIRU loci 40, 23, 10 and 16 were the most discriminatory. A combination of MIRU-VNTR and spoligotyping resulted in 85.7% discriminatory power (Hunter-Gaston index = 0.995). Thus, combining spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR typing proved to be most useful for epidemiological study in this low-endemic setting in Southern Brazil. The current study demonstrated that there is significant diversity in circulating strains in the city of Maringá and the surrounding regions, with no single genotype of M. tuberculosispredominating

A GEP-ISFG collaborative study on the optimization of an X-STR decaplex: data on 15 Iberian and Latin American populations

Abstract In a collaborative work carried out by the Spanish and Portuguese ISFG Working Group (GEP-ISFG), a polymerase chain reaction multiplex was optimized in order to type ten X-chromosome short tandem repeats (STRs) in a single reaction, including: DXS8378, DXS9902, DXS7132, DXS9898, DXS6809, DXS6789, DXS7133, GATA172D05, GATA31E08, and DXS7423. Using this X-decaplex, each 17 of the participating laboratories typed a population sample of approximately 200 unrelated individuals (100 males and 100 females). In this work, we report the allele frequencies for the ten XSTRs in 15 samples from Argentina (Buenos Aires, Int J Legal Me