Formation and Development of the Problem of Smoking in the World

This article discusses issues related to the history of the emergence and development of smoking in various countries of the world. Historical facts are given, as well as the negative consequences of a bad habit. In the process of writing the article, the analysis of smoking statistics in several countries was carried out

EFFECTIVE METHOD OF TREATMENT OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN OUT-PATIENT CONDITIONS

In findings was established, Klast, which applied once per day-specific antagonist of leukotriene receptor, is effective in treatment of patients with bronchial asthma. Klast is well tolerated, its safety profile was generally similar a bread pill. The results received by us coincide with the results of application of a montelukast, established in researches and confirm them. Results of the real research allow considering that Klast can become an effective method of a choice among the existing approaches to therapy of bronchial asthma in general.In findings was established, Klast, which applied once per day-specific antagonist of leukotriene receptor, is effective in treatment of patients with bronchial asthma. Klast is well tolerated, its safety profile was generally similar a bread pill. The results received by us coincide with the results of application of a montelukast, established in researches and confirm them. Results of the real research allow considering that Klast can become an effective method of a choice among the existing approaches to therapy of bronchial asthma in general

Study of Catalytic Properties of the HoxMg1-xAl2O4 Modified HZSM-5 Zeolite in Conversion of Methanol to C2-C4 Alkenes and p-Xylene

Selective conversion of methanol to C2-C4 alkenes and p-xylene is one of the appealing chemical routes. Currently, there are no effective catalysts for the co-production of C2-C4 alkenes and p-xylene from methanol. To date, modified medium-pore ZSM-5 zeolites are considered one of the excellent candidates for the development of selective catalysts for the conversion of methanol to lower alkenes and aromatic hydrocarbons. In this paper, nanosized (30-33nm) powders of HoхMg1-хAl2O4 spinel structure were obtained by the method of combustion of nitrate solutions of aluminium, magnesium, holmium, diethylmalonate and hydrazine monohydrate with the further calcination of nanopowders at 1000 °C. Obtained nanopowders used in the preparation of a solid-phase catalytic composition of HoхMg1-хAl2O4-HZSM-5. Various physico-chemical properties of the catalytic composition were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), pyridine adsorption (BİO-RAD FTS 3000 MX) and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption (BET) techniques. The textural properties and acidity of the catalysts were altered by adjusting the nanopowder concentration (1.0-5.0 wt.%) in the catalytic composition. The conversion of methanol in the presence of the catalytic compositions was carried out in flow-type fixed-bed catalytic reactor at 400 °C, in the presence of nitrogen carrier gas with 1.0 h-1 flow rate. A correlation between the selectivity to C2-C4 alkenes and p-xylene with a ratio of Lewis (L) and Brønsted (B) acid sites and the volume of the catalyst pore, the amount of the modifier in the catalytic system has been established. As the amount of HoхMg1-хAl2O4 nanopowder increases, the ratio of B/L acid sites and the volume of the catalyst pore decrease, which play a significant role in the increase of the selectivity to C2-C4 alkenes and p-xylene. Maximum yield of C2-C4 alkenes (31.6%) and selectivity to p-xylene (80.5%) is achieved on a catalytic composition containing 5.0 wt.% HoxMg1-xAl2O4. Copyright © 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

Development of technological process of cotton cellulose production and evaluation of experimental results

In the course of this study, the technology of bleaching of cotton pulp for various purposes has been improved, which can be used in the production of cotton pulp by "Khlopoprom-Cellulose" LLP and other enterprises to increase the production efficiency and competitiveness of the products obtained. The proposed development makes it possible to obtain cellulose with a high degree of polymerization and whiteness, as well as to solve the problem of stabilization and high decomposition rate of hydrogen peroxide in the technological cycle. The bleached cellulose meets the requirements of GOST (State Standard) 595-79 "Cotton cellulose" and has an average degree of whiteness of 90%, which is 5-6% higher than the samples of cotton cellulose bleached without the use of a hydrogen peroxide stabilizer

Содержание изотопов 210Pо И 210Pb в воде искусственного озера г. Истиклола Республики Таджикистан и их бионакопление в организме рыб

The results of monitoring of 210Po and 210Pb isotopes in water of artificial lake (former uranium mine) of Istiklol city of the Republic of Tajikistan and their bio-accumulation are given. Fish living in this area is using as a food by local population. It has been found that the level of210Po isotope in the liver of fish, in particular of carаs fish, was relatively high. It has been defined that the annual effective radiation dose from gamma radiation and isotopic activity in water for human in the Istiklolcity exceeds the recommended annual threshold dose level (10 mSv). Приведены результаты мониторинга изотопов 210Pо и 210Pb в воде искусственного озера (бывший урановый карьер) г. Истиклола Республики Таджикистан и их бионакопление. Рыбы, обитающие в данном водоёме, частично используются в рационе жителей в качестве пищи. Определено, что уровень изотопа 210Po в печени обитающих в озере рыб, в частности карасей, были сравнительно высоки. Установлено, что годовая эффективная доза облучения от гамма-излучения и активности изотопов в воде для человека в г. Истиклоле превышает рекомендованный годовой уровень пороговой дозы (10 мЗв)

The effect of the age of a pregnant woman on the health of a newborn

The purpose: an estimation of age features of the pregnant woman and health of their children in families of the Dagestan population. Material and methods. The work analyzes data on 491 newborns born in Makhachkala in 2016, women aged 15 to 49 years. The results of the study showed that the high marks of newborn boys on Apgar scale are observed in women aged 20-24 and 35-39 years, the lowest - at the age of 15-20 years. The Apgar scores increase with the age of women from 20 to 44 years. Girls are born with a higher level of adaptation to the environment than boys. In the Dagestan population, women are mainly fed breast milk for boys longer than 1 year after 3-4 births. The conclusion. The duration of feeding of girls by breast milk to women aged 15-19 years is on average 4,5 months, and at the age of 40-44 years -11,3 months. On average, the weight of boys at birth tends to increase with age of the woman and the number of births.Цель: оценка возрастных особенностей беременной женщины и здоровья их детей в семьях дагестанской популяции. Материал и методы. В работе проведен анализ данных о 491 новорожденном, рожденном в г. Махачкале в 2016 году, женщинами в возрасте от 15 до 49 лет. Результаты исследования показали, что высокие баллы новорожденных мальчиков по шкале Апгар наблюдаются у женщин в возрасте 20-24 и 35-39 лет, самые низкие - в возрасте 15-20 лет. Сумма баллов по шкале Апгар увеличивается по мере возрастания возраста женщин от 20 до 44 лет. Девочки рождаются с более высоким уровнем адаптации к окружающей среде, нежели мальчики. В дагестанской популяции женщины в основном кормят грудным молоком мальчиков дольше 1 года после 3-4-х родов. Заключение. Продолжительность кормления девочек грудным молоком женщинами в возрасте 15-19 лет в среднем составляет 4,5 месяца, а в возрасте 40-44 лет -11,3 месяца. В среднем вес мальчиков при рождении имеет тенденцию к росту по мере увеличения возраста женщины и числа родов

MESH BEARING STRUCTURES OF V.G.SHUKHOV IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE OF 21ST CENTURY

The article presents the information on the diagonal-mesh bearing structures, developed by the academician-engineer V.G.Shukhov, and their significance in the creation of modern architecture

Stage Costume Features Ensemble Bahor

The article reveals the features of costume design of mass and solo dance compositions of the ensemble Bahor. The dances of the ensemble Bahor, and with them their costume design, became an aesthetic canon, a classic of Uzbek choreographic art. The basic principle in creating the costume became an organic unity with a dance design. In the costumes of the ensemble Bahor, persistent signs of a traditional womens costume are preserved, such as ensemble completeness, layering, ethnic jewelry decor, and the brightness of color. At the same time, the costume of each dance has its own look, reflecting the artistic image of the choreographic composition