Synthesis and characterization of pyridine-4-carboxylic acid-functionalized Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles as a magnetic catalyst for the synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[<i>b</i>]pyran derivatives under solvent-free conditions

<p>Pyridine-4-carboxylic acid (PYCA)-functionalized Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles as an organic–inorganic hybrid heterogeneous catalyst was fabricated and characterized by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray powder diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscope, and VSM techniques. The catalytic activity of the magnetic catalyst was probed through one-pot synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[<i>b</i>]pyran derivatives from three-component reactions of aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile, and dimedone under solvent-free conditions. Simple procedure, high yields, short reaction time, and environmentally benign method are advantages of this protocol. The catalyst was readily separated using an external magnet and was reusable without significant loss of its catalytic efficiency.</p

بررسی تاثیر هوش معنوی بر کارآیی کارکنان سلامت بخش اورژانس مرکز آموزشی تحقیقاتی و درمانی پورسینا، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گیلان

Introduction: Spiritual intelligence leads to understanding between people, calmness, and management of changes. The spiritual intelligence of emergency personnel May affects the correct performance of emergency procedures. This type of intelligence exists in all people, but due to the challenging working conditions of medical staff in the emergency department and the need to do the best work at the best time, it Can be more important. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of spiritual intelligence on efficacy of health personnel in the emergency department. Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study that was performed on 83 medical personnel working in the emergency department of Poursina educational, research and therapeutic center, in Rasht, Iran, in 2021. The sampling method was census. The data were collected using a tool that consisted of demographic characteristics and King's questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS24 software and descriptive statistical methods (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and Kolmogorov-Smirnov, independent T-test, Pearson test and analysis of variance. The significance level was considered P &lt;0.05. Results: The mean age of the research participants was 29.15±7.39 years and 47 (56.6%) of participants were female. The findings of the present study showed that people with higher spiritual intelligence had better occupational efficiency than others (P&lt;0.001), but there was no statistically significant relationship between spiritual intelligence with age, sex, marital status, and education. Conclusion: Medical personnel who had higher spiritual intelligence were more efficient than others. Apart from the effect of spiritual intelligence on reducing people's stress, improving the spiritual intelligence of personnel in critical departments such as emergency can increase their efficiency, especially in difficult situations that require management.مقدمه: هوش معنوی باعث تفاهم بین افراد، ایجاد آرامش و مدیریت تغییرات می­شود. هوش معنوی کارکنان اورژانس نسبت به انجام درست اقدامات اورژانسی، تاثیرگذار است. این نوع از هوش در تمام افراد وجود دارد ولی به علت حساسیت شغلی کارکنان اورژانس و ضرورت انجام بهترین کار در بهترین زمان دارای اهمیت بیشتری است. هدف از انجام این مطالعه، بررسی تاثیر هوش معنوی بر کارآیی کارکنان سلامت بخش اورژانس بود. روش مطالعه: مطالعه از نوع توصیفی مقطعی بود که روی 83 نفر از کارکنان سلامت بخش اورژانس مرکز آموزشی تحقیقاتی و درمانی پورسینای رشت در سال 1400 انجام شد. روش نمونه­گیری به صورت سرشماری بود. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات در این مطالعه شامل، مشخصات دموگرافیک و پرسشنامه کینگ (King) بود. داده­ها با استفاده از نرم­افزار SPSS24 و روش های آماری توصیفی (فراوانی و درصد، میانگین و انحراف معیار) &nbsp;و آزمون کلموگروف اسمیرنوف، T مستقل، پیرسون و آنالیز واریانس تحلیل شد و سطح معنی­داری 05/0&gt;P تلقی شد. یافته ها: میانگین سنی افراد مورد بررسی 39/7±15/29 سال و 47 نفر (6/56%) زن بود. یافته های مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که افرادی که از هوش معنوی بالاتری برخوردار هستند، کارایی بهتری نسبت به دیگر افراد دارند (001/0&gt;P). اما هوش معنوی با سن، جنس، تاهل و سطح تحصیلات ارتباط معنی­دار آماری نداشت. نتیجه­گیری: کارکنان درمانی که از هوش معنوی بالاتری برخوردارند، کارایی بهتری نسبت به دیگران دارند. جدای از تاثیر هوش معنوی بر کاهش استرس، ارتقای هوش معنوی کارکنان بخش های حیاتی بیمارستان مانند اورژانس، می­تواند باعث افزایش کارایی آنان به خصوص در شرایط سخت و نیازمند مدیریت شود

Testicular Ultrasound Assessment in Thalassemic Men

Objective: To evaluate testicular volume, varicocelle, hydrocelle, microlithiasis, semen parameters and measure serum FSH, LH, and Testosterone concentrations in young male thalassemic patients.Design: Prospective study.Setting: Tertiary care hospital.Patients and Method: This study investigated 62 young adults with beta thalassemia (47 major, 15 intermedia), aged 18–41 years who underwent different chelation therapies. The patients’ serum ferritin levels range was from 182 to 11053 ng/mL (mean 2067 ng/mL) at the time of study.Results: The mean size of right testis was 11.4 ml and the mean size of left testis was 11.7 ml. In 3.2% of patients the testes volume was under 4 ml. Varicocele was seen in 11.3% of patients. Microlithiasis was detected in 4.8% of patients. Hydrocele was seen in only in 1.6% of patients. Hypogonadism was seen in 22.6% of patients.Conclusion: This study suggests that in thalassemic men, testicular volume in ultrasound has significant correlation with concentrations of serum Testosterone, LH, FSH and sperm parameters.</p

MAPPING LOCAL PATTERNS OF CHILDHOOD OVERWEIGHT AND WASTING IN LOW- AND MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES BETWEEN 2000 AND 2017

A double burden of malnutrition occurs when individuals, household members or communities experience both undernutrition and overweight. Here, we show geospatial estimates of overweight and wasting prevalence among children under 5 years of age in 105 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) from 2000 to 2017 and aggregate these to policy-relevant administrative units. Wasting decreased overall across LMICs between 2000 and 2017, from 8.4% (62.3 (55.1–70.8) million) to 6.4% (58.3 (47.6–70.7) million), but is predicted to remain above the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target of <5% in over half of LMICs by 2025. Prevalence of overweight increased from 5.2% (30 (22.8–38.5) million) in 2000 to 6.0% (55.5 (44.8–67.9) million) children aged under 5 years in 2017. Areas most affected by double burden of malnutrition were located in Indonesia, Thailand, southeastern China, Botswana, Cameroon and central Nigeria. Our estimates provide a new perspective to researchers, policy makers and public health agencies in their efforts to address this global childhood syndemic