Irradiation processing of ready-to-eat meats

Commercially available ham and pork frankfurters were irradiated at 1.6 kGy and evaluated for color, lipid oxidation, odor, flavor and the production of volatiles over 8 weeks of storage. Corned beef, roast beef, beef frankfurters, chicken roll, chicken frankfurters, turkey roll, cured turkey roll and turkey frankfurters were manufactured at the Iowa State Meat Laboratory and irradiated at 1.6 kGy. These products were evaluated for color, odor, flavor, and volatile compounds. Hams were manufactured at the Iowa State Meat Laboratory to achieve three different pHs in the finished products. The hams were treated with 0.0 kGy, 1.21 kGy, 2.34 kGy and 4.57 kGy of irradiation and evaluated for yields, purge lost, color, and volatile compounds. A trained sensory panel evaluated the aroma, off-aroma, flavor, off-flavor, sourness and saltiness of the hams. A consumer panel evaluated the aroma and flavor of the hams;Irradiation processing did not affected the color of any of the products in these studies with the exception of the CIE a* values of the turkey roll. The lipid oxidation values of the commercially available ham and pork frankfurters were not affected at the 1.6 kGy dose. The pH treatments altered the production of volatile compounds in ham including a lipid oxidation product (hexanal) and a sulfur containing compound (carbon disulfide);Irradiation increased the production of volatiles in most of the products included in these studies. The production of dimethyl disulfide increased with the irradiation treatments in all products with the exception of the beef frankfurters. In various products volatile compounds such as 2-methyl butanal, 2-methyl propanal, 1-hexene, 1-heptene were not detected in the control samples but were present in the irradiated samples;The off-odor of the commercially available ham was affected by the 1.6 kGy irradiation treatment. The off-odor scores of the corned beef, roast beef, chicken roll, cured turkey roll, and turkey frankfurters also increased at 1.6 kGy of irradiation. A significant interaction was observed between pH and irradiation treatment for flavor scores of ham. The trained panelists detected significant differences in flavor between the non-irradiated samples at pH 6.72 and 6.36 when compared to the non-irradiate samples at pH 5.82. However, the panel reported no significant differences in flavor scores between the low and high pH hams when the product was treated with 2.34 kGy of irradiation. The consumers included in this study reported significantly lower aroma and flavor scores for the irradiated samples

Gospel Choir Concert

KSU School of Music presents Gospel Choir Concert.https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/musicprograms/1299/thumbnail.jp

Symphony Orchestra, Student Concerto and Compostition Winners Concert

Kennesaw State University School of Music presents the Student Concerto and Composition Winners Concert with the Symphony Orchestra.https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/musicprograms/1360/thumbnail.jp

Prenatal Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Acids and Serum Testosterone Concentrations at 15 Years of Age in Female ALSPAC Study Participants

Background: Exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) or to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) increases mouse and human peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor alpha (PPARα) subtype activity, which influences lipid metabolism. Because cholesterol is the substrate from which testosterone is synthesized, exposure to these substances has the potential to alter testosterone concentrations. Objectives: We explored associations of total testosterone and sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations at age 15 years with prenatal exposures to PFOS, PFOA, perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), and perfluoronanoic acid (PFNA) in females. Methods: Prenatal concentrations of the perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) were measured in serum collected from pregnant mothers at enrollment (1991–1992) in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). The median gestational age when the maternal blood sample was obtained was 16 weeks (interquartile range, 11–28 weeks). Total testosterone and SHBG concentrations were measured in serum obtained from their daughters at 15 years of age. Associations between prenatal PFAAs concentrations and reproductive outcomes were estimated using linear regression models (n = 72). Results: Adjusted total testosterone concentrations were on average 0.18-nmol/L (95% CI: 0.01, 0.35) higher in daughters with prenatal PFOS in the upper concentration tertile compared with daughters with prenatal PFOS in the lower tertile. Adjusted total testosterone concentrations were also higher in daughters with prenatal concentrations of PFOA (β = 0.24; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.43) and PFHxS (β = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.00, 0.35) in the upper tertile compared with daughters with concentrations in the lower tertile. We did not find evidence of associations between PFNA and total testosterone or between any of the PFAAs and SHBG. Conclusions: Our findings were based on a small study sample and should be interpreted with caution. However, they suggest that prenatal exposure to some PFAAs may alter testosterone concentrations in females

Gospel Choir Concert

Kennesaw State University School of Music presents Gospel Choir.https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/musicprograms/1355/thumbnail.jp

Relation between ambient air pollution and low birth weight in the Northeastern United States.

We evaluated the relation between term low birth weight (LBW) and ambient air levels of carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter up to 10 microm in diameter (PM(10)), and sulfur dioxide (SO(2)). The study population consisted of singleton, term live births (37-44 weeks of gestation) born between 1 January 1994 and 31 December 1996 in six northeastern cities of the United States: Boston, Massachusetts; Hartford, Connecticut; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Springfield, Massachusetts; and Washington, DC. Birth data were obtained from National Center for Health Statistics Natality Data Sets. Infants with a birth weight < 2,500 g were classified as LBW. Air monitoring data obtained from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency were used to estimate average trimester exposures to ambient CO, PM(10), and SO(2). Our results suggest that exposures to ambient CO and SO(2) increase the risk for term LBW. This risk increased by a unit increase in CO third trimester average concentration [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.31; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06,1.62]. Infants with SO(2) second trimester exposures falling within the 25 and < 50th (AOR 1.21; CI 1.07,1.37), the 50 to < 75th (AOR 1.20; CI 1.08,1.35), and the 75 to < 95th (AOR 1.21; CI 1.03,1.43) percentiles were also at increased risk for term LBW when compared to those in the reference category (< 25th percentile). There was no indication of a positive association between prenatal exposures to PM(10) and term LBW. Increased ambient levels of air pollution may be associated with an increased risk for LBW

KSU Gospel Choir

Kennesaw State University School of Music presents Gospel Choir.https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/musicprograms/1424/thumbnail.jp