Risk Without Return

Risk-only investment strategies have been growing in popularity as traditional in- vestment strategies have fallen short of return targets over the last decade. However, risk-based investors should be aware of four things. First, theoretical considerations and empirical studies show that apparently dictinct risk-based investment strategies are manifestations of a single effect. Second, turnover and associated transaction costs can be a substantial drag on return. Third, capital diversification benefits may be reduced. Fourth, there is an apparent connection between performance and risk diversification. To analyze risk diversification benefits in a consistent way, we introduce the Risk Diversification Index (RDI) which measures risk concentrations and complements the Herfindahl-Herschman Index (HHI) for capital concentrations

Optimization of locations of diffusion spots in indoor optical wireless local area networks

In this paper, we present a novel optimization of the locations of the diffusion spots in indoor optical wireless local area networks, based on the central force optimization (CFO) scheme. The users’ performance uniformity is addressed by using the CFO algorithm, and adopting different objective function’s configurations, while considering maximization and minimization of the signal to noise ratio and the delay spread, respectively. We also investigate the effect of varying the objective function’s weights on the system and the users’ performance as part of the adaptation process. The results show that the proposed objective function configuration-based optimization procedure offers an improvement of 65% in the standard deviation of individual receivers’ performance

Cryptanalysis of two mutual authentication protocols for low-cost RFID

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is appearing as a favorite technology for automated identification, which can be widely applied to many applications such as e-passport, supply chain management and ticketing. However, researchers have found many security and privacy problems along RFID technology. In recent years, many researchers are interested in RFID authentication protocols and their security flaws. In this paper, we analyze two of the newest RFID authentication protocols which proposed by Fu et al. and Li et al. from several security viewpoints. We present different attacks such as desynchronization attack and privacy analysis over these protocols.Comment: 17 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, International Journal of Distributed and Parallel system

Implikasi Hukum Bagi Notaris Yang Tidak Melekatkan Sidik Jari Penghadap Pada Minuta Akta

__________________________________________________________________ This writing aims to determine what is the background of the acknowledgement of fingerprint into Certificate Minute and legal implication to Notary Officer who does not acknowledge fingerprint, by using the method of normative legal research, law approach, to obtain the views and doctrine as the basis for a legal argument over legal issues investigated. Based on the result of this examine and analysis,acknowledgement of fingerprint into Certificate Minute of Notary Public is aimed to anticipate the denial of applicant againts the signature in the Certificate Minute and therefore, fingerprint of the applicant is adhered as supplementary evidence.legal implication to Notary Officer who does not acknowledge applicant fingerprint into Certificate Minute is legal sanction based on Article 16 Verse (11) of Notary Title Act, which includes (a) written reprimand, (b) temporary suspension, (c) officially dismissal, and (d) unofficial dismissal. If written reprimand is not respected or there is additional deviation, Notary Officer can be subjected to the subsequent stratified sanction. Key words: notary, fingerprint, applicant, certificate minute Abstrak __________________________________________________________________ Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui latar belakang dilekatkannya sidik jari penghadap pada Minuta Akta dan implikasi hukum bagi Notaris yang tidak melekatkannya, dengan menggunakan metode normatif legal research, melalui pendekatan undang-undang guna memperoleh pandangan dan doktrin sebagai dasar argumentasi hukum atas isu hukum yang diteliti. Berdasar hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa latar belakang dilekatkan sidik jari penghadap pada Minuta Akta bertujuan untuk mengantisipasi apabila para penghadap menyangkal tanda tangannya, maka sebagai bukti tambahan digunakan sidik jari penghadap tersebut. Implikasi hukum bagi Notaris yang tidak melekatkan sidik jari penghadap pada Minuta Akta dapat dikenai sanksi sesuai Pasal 16 ayat (11) Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris berupa: (a)peringatan tertulis; (b)pemberhentian sementara; (c)pemberhentian dengan hormat; (d)pemberhentian dengan tidak hormat. Jika sanksi peringatan tertulis kepada Notaris tidak dipatuhi atau terjadi pelanggaran oleh Notaris yang bersangkutan, maka dapat dijatuhi sanksi berikutnya secara berjenjang. Kata kunci: notaris, sidik jari, penghadap, minuta akt

Akibat Hukum Tidak Dipenuhinya Ketentuan Pasal 74 Ayat (1) Undang-undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2011 Jo. Pasal 54 Ayat (1) Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 4 Tahun 1988 Tentang Perhimpunan Penghuni Satuan Rumah Susun

This article aims to determine legal consequences and remedies not filling the provisions of article 74 paragraph 1 of law number 20 year 2011 jo article 54 paragraph 1 of government regulation number 4 of 1988 concerning the association of the occupants unit of flats, using normative legal research methods, through approach to legislation, conceptual and comparison in order to obtain the views an doctrines as a basis legal arguments on legal issues studied. Based on the survey result revealed that, with no formation of associations of occupant flats units, then the resident will lose the right to enjoy a sense of comfort, easy, safe, orderly and organized the principles in the flats. According to article 107 flats legislation may be subject to adminisrative sanctions contained in article 108 of the law enactment flats in stages, ranging from a written warning to revocation of business license. Remedies that can be given the resident can do prosecution by first reporting to the local authorities for further prosecution to the developer. According article 75 paragraph 1 law flats:development actors are required to facilitate the formation of associations occupant apartment units at the latest before the transitional period ends. In article 59 paragraph 2. The transitional period a maximum of one year since the first delivery of flats units to the owner. Key words: legal consequences, association occupant, flatsAbstrakTulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui akibat hukum dan upaya hukum atas tidak dipenuhinya ketentuan Pasal 74 Ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2011 Jo.Pasal 54 Ayat (1) Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 4 Tahun 1988 Tentang Perhimpunan Penghuni Satuan Rumah Susun, dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif, melalui pendekatan undang-undang, konseptual dan perbandingan guna memperoleh pandangan dan doktrin sebagai dasar argumentasi hukum atas isu hukum yang diteliti. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa, dengan tidak dibentuknya PPSRS, maka para penghuni akan kehilangan hak untuk menikmati rasa nyaman, mudah, aman, tertib dan teratur yang menjadi asas penyelenggaraan rumah susun. Menurut Pasal 107 UURS dapat dikenai sanksi administratif yang terdapat pada Pasal 108 UURS yang berlaku secara berjenjang, mulai dari peringatan tertulis sampai dengan pencabutan izin usaha. Upaya hukum yang dilakukan, para penghuni bisa melakukan penuntutan dengan terlebih dahulu melaporkan kepada Pemerintah Daerah setempat untuk selanjutnya dilakukan penindakan kepada pihak pengembang. Menurut Pasal 75 Ayat (1) UURS: Pelaku pembangunan wajib memfasilitasi terbentuknya PPPSRS paling lambat sebelum masa transisi berakhir. Pasal 59 Ayat (2): Masa transisi ditetapkan paling lama 1 tahun sejak penyerahan pertama kali satuan rumah susun kepada pemilik. Kata kunci: akibat hukum, perhimpunan penghuni, rumah susu