Grief experience among ICU staff with loss of family members during COVID-19 outbreak in IRAN: A qualitative study

IntroductionThe COVID-19 crisis created a lot of problems in people's lives. Different lifestyles, mental health, communication, rituals and traditions, particularly those involved in mourning, have changed drastically. Medical staff faced numerous critically ill patients every day. This greatly distressed the staff, especially the ICU staff. The end result was considerable amounts of mental distress for the medical staff who lost family members to COVID-19 making the distress even more complex.MethodsWe carried out this qualitative research to study the grief experiences of 12 Iranian ICU staff members at the Rasoul Akram Hospital who had experienced the loss of a family member to the COVID-19 pandemic. We studied the effects of how their own grief experience and how constant exposure to critically ill patients influenced their work with patients. All semi-structured interviews were held in the presence of a faculty member of the psychiatry department of Iran University of Medical Sciences. The interview on the grief experience among ICU staff during the COVID-19 pandemic, consists of 4 issues: Familiarity, Experience during the COVID-19 pandemic, Grieving the loss of a family member and Effects of parallel grief.ResultsWe found five common themes in the result of the experiences of the participants based on content analysis. These consisted of: complex grieving process, new experiences for coping with loss, more empathy for patients, change the meaning of death, and the need for support in work places. Likewise, there were 22 sub themes.ConclusionPaying attention to the details of staff members' life, gender differences, and cultural aspects can give us a better understanding and perception of their grief experiences. This understanding brings out valuable points which can help policy makers pass better laws for the wellbeing of society and people in order to promote leadership in turbulent times

Comparison of Online Sexual Activity Among Iranian Individuals With and Without Substance Use Disorder: A Case-Control Study

The most important practical concerns in addiction medicine are the non-substance addiction and related addictive behaviors among individuals with substance use disorder. On the other hand, technological advances, and easy access have increased the frequency of online sexual activities (OSAs) as one of these behaviors. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of OSAs, based on the Internet Sex Screening Test (ISST) scores, among 60 patients with substance use disorder referred to Iran Psychiatric Hospital and 60 non-dependent individuals. The results showed significant negative correlations between the ISST scores and age, age at the onset of substance use, and substance use duration. There was a significant difference between the ISST scores of the case and control groups (P = 0.001). Patients who start using substances at an early age and have a great duration of substance use are more likely to engage in other addictive behaviors such as OSAs. Therefore, it is critical to consider OSAs and other addictive behaviors in patients with substance use disorder to provide better care for this vulnerable community

Contact of caregivers of patients with schizophrenia disorders with psychiatrists: a qualitative study of text messages from families of schizophrenia patients to psychiatrists

Background. Caring for chronic psychiatric patients places a complex burden on patients' caregivers. Paying attention to the needs of caregivers based on the cultural conditions of the country in which they live is of particular importance to improve the quality of care. Methods. In this study, 30 caregivers of patients with schizophrenia who were treated for at least two months by a regular psychiatrist joined the study over six months. They contacted the psychiatrist via SMS when their patient was in remission. In total, 1581 text messages were sent during 3 years. All messages were evaluated by three faculty members through the qualitative content analysis method. Results. The results of this study were categorized into training, reporting, and the expression of feelings themes and several codes. Conclusion. Addressing the caregivers needs to take steps forward to improve the effective two-way treatment relationship and prevent the gap between patients, caregivers, and the health care staff. Practical Implications. Paying attention to different dimensions of caregivers' concerns while caring for patients with chronic psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia can have a significant impact on controlling the disease and improving the quality of life of patients and their family members

With COVID-19 Patients in the Hospital Wards: The Experience of Iranian Clergy Visits

With the dramatic changes in crisis, it is essential to pay attention to spirituality in societies. When grief, illness, and mourning have become part of people's lives, the cleric can play an essential role in the healing process. This qualitative study shows a practice from the presence of Iranian clergy in hospitals in the Covid-19 epidemic. In these semi-structured interviews, the focus was on the three main questions, "What can I do for you as a cleric?", "What do you want to talk about?" and "Could I answer your questions, or do we need to meet again?". Each of the reports was considered a unit of analysis, and after reading them several times, the codes were extracted, and then the codes were categorized, and the main themes were formed. The three main themes are the joy of talking to a cleric, asking religious-spiritual questions, and psycho-socio-economic concerns. The process of empathy formed by the presence of clergy in the Hospital increases the connection of people with spirituality, leading to a sense of peace in the patients and in the treatment atmosphere.

總合成果 : 戰災ビルの更生

戰災ビルを簡單に塗りかえただけで使用するのが危いことは南海,福井兩地震によつで實證された.われわれの經驗によつて燒けたコンクリートの強さが弱つていること,燒けた建物の剛性が減じていることは明瞭に示された.燒ビルの利用者はこの冷嚴な事實をよく認識し,自己の使用する建物の強さを判斷し,適當な修理を加えた上で安心して住むようにしてほしいと思う