Forecast UTI: aplicativo para previsão de leitos de unidades de terapia intensiva no contexto da pandemia de covid-19

In view of the need to manage and forecast the number of beds in the Intensive Care Units for critically ill patients in Covid-19, the Forecast UTI was developed: an open access application that allows the monitoring of hospital indicators based on historical data from the service health and the temporal dynamics of the epidemic. It is also possible to make short-term forecasts of the number of beds occupied daily by the disease and to establish possible care scenarios. This article presents the functions, mode of access and examples of use of Forecast UTI, a computational tool capable of assisting managers of public and private hospitals in the Unified Health System, since they support decision-making quickly, strategically and efficiently.Frente à necessidade de gerenciamento e previsão do número de leitos de unidades de terapia intensiva (UTI) para pacientes graves de covid-19, foi desenvolvido o Forecast UTI, um aplicativo de livre acesso e que permite o monitoramento de indicadores hospitalares com base em dados históricos do serviço de saúde e na dinâmica temporal dessa epidemia por coronavírus. O Forecast UTI também possibilita realizar previsões de curto prazo sobre número de leitos ocupados pela doença diariamente, e estabelecer possíveis cenários de atendimento. Este artigo apresenta as funções, modo de acesso e exemplos de uso do Forecast UTI, uma ferramenta computacional destinada a auxiliar gestores de hospitais da rede pública e privada do Sistema Único de Saúde no subsídio à tomada de decisão, de forma rápida, estratégica e eficiente.

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans – anteaters, sloths, and armadillos – have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with 24 domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, ten anteaters, and six sloths. Our dataset includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data-paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the south of the USA, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to its austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n=5,941), and Cyclopes sp. has the fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n=11,588), and the least recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n=33). With regards to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n=962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other datasets of Neotropical Series which will become available very soon (i.e. Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans dataset

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

La holgura financiera en el resultado económico de las empresas brasileñas y chilenas

Although financial slack is a resource used to generate opportunities, a high level of this may lead to a more relaxed or complacent management. Taking into account this divergence, the present study examines the influence of financial slack on economic performance. The study involved 190 companies in Brazil and 104 in Chile. The results indicate that in Brazil and Chile, the gross profit showed better explanatory power to the financial slack resources. However, the high discretionary financial slack showed negative magnitude and a positive link with the financial resources demand, suggesting that companies become proactive in new investments and in strategic choices when there is a demand for financial resourcesLa holgura financiera es un recurso utilizado para generar oportunidades. Sin embargo, un nivel elevado de esta puede generar una gestión más relajada (o «acomodaticia»). Teniendo presente esta divergencia, este trabajo comprueba la influencia de la holgura financiera en el resultado económico de 190 empresas de Brasil y 140 de Chile. Los resultados indican que en los 2 países la holgura financiera presenta un mayor poder explicativo del beneficio bruto. En concreto, dicho beneficio bruto tiene una relación negativa con una elevada holgura financiera discrecional y un vínculo positivo con la demanda de recursos financieros. Esto indica que las empresas son proactivas a nuevas inversiones y elecciones estratégicas cuando demandan recursos financieros

PREDAÇÃO DA LAGARTA-MINADORA-DO-SCITROS Phyllocnistis citrella STAINTON, 1856 (LEPIDOPTERA: GRACILLARIIDAE) POR LARVAS DE Chrysoperla externa (HAGEN 1861) (NEUROPTERA: CHRYSOPIDAE)

The citrus leafminer Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton is an important pest of citrus orchards either by direct damage or by favoring citrus canker contamination. The experiment was carried out inlaboratory conditions to evaluate Chrysoperla externa (Hagen) larvae preying on P. citrella egg, larval and pupalstages. It was observed that all the immature stages were preyed by first, second and third larval instars. The developmental time of the predator had direct influence on preying capacity, reaching 100% for predator larvae on the prey second instar larvae. This is the first record of C. externa preying the citrus leaf miner eggs, larvae and pupae in the world

Authenticating Production Origin of Wild and Farmed Sea Bass (Dicentrarchuslabrax) by Infrared Spectroscopy NIRS (Near Infrared ReflectanceSpectroscopy)

Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) technique is a secondary analytical technique based on the ability of every chemical compound and complex matrix of absorbing, transmitting and reflecting the infrared radiations. Over the last decade NIRS system has been used in many tests for fish and other food products due to its versatility and rapidity of analysis. The aim of this study was to evaluate NIRS performances in the prediction of Farmed vs. Wild production method of European sea bass. Wild (n=19) and Farmed (n=20) subjects were submitted to analysis in order to assess proximate composition and fatty acids profile of the whole fillet. Aliquots of wet and ground freeze-dried minced fillet were scanned in duplicates (1100 to 2498 nm; 2 nm intervals) in reflectance mode using a monochromator NIRsystem 5000. NIRS technique evidenced a satisfactory accurateness in predicting Protein, Lipids and Fatty acids profile in raw tissues. Repetition of measures on freeze-dried tissue increased some predicting values (r2: coefficient of determination on cross-validation range from 0.671 to 0.992; SECV: standard error of cross-validation range from 0.864 to 2.981). Results showed that NIRS technique was able to discriminate between Wild (94.7% samples recognized) and Farmed (100% samples recognized) using wet muscles, and 100% for both classes on ground freeze-dried fillet

COMPOSITION AND RIPENING TRAITS OF SOPRESSA VICENTINA PDO

Sopr\ue8ssa Vicentina (SV) PDO is a fermented raw salami. The annual certificated production is about 150.000 kg, produced by 9 plants located in the territory of Vicenza (North-East Italy; 2.723 km2), a province of Veneto region. SV is a big size sausage: the diameter varies from 7-8 to 10-12 cm while the weight is ranging from 800 g to over 7 kg at the selling time. SV is manufactured using lean meat (ham, shoulder, loin, neck, belly) and backfat from Large White, Landrace and Duroc breeds (up to 150 kg hot carcass weight) and other ingredients as spices, sugar and nitrate/nitrite. Ripening time varies according to the weight of the product: from 60 days (1-1.5 kg at stuffing) to 120 days (3.5 \u2013 8 kg at stuffing). Some characteristics of SV at 90 days of seasoning were studied. Among them proximate composition, pH, water activity, salt content, acidity value and proteolysis index. The content of fat and protein in the ripened product varied according to the extent of weight loss. The reduction of water activity was mainly due to water loss and salt addition. Microbial fermentation affected pH and the lipolytic and proteolytic processes

Propriedades enzimáticas da enzima ALS de Cyperus difformis e mecanismo de resistência da espécie ao herbicida pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Enzymatic properties of Cyperus difformis ALS enzyme and mechanism resistance of the species to pyrazosulfuron-ethyl herbicide

Cyperus difformis L. é uma planta daninha ocorrente em lavouras de arroz irrigado, que tem apresentado dificuldade de controle devido à resistência a herbicidas inibidores da enzima ALS. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram investigar características cinéticas da enzima ALS de biótipos de C. difformis e determinar as bases bioquímicas da resistência da espécie ao herbicida pyrazosulfuron-ethyl. Para isso, foram conduzidos experimentos em laboratório do BIOAGRO/UFV. O método utilizado baseou-se na metologia utilizada por CAREY et al. (1997) e adaptada por VARGAS et al. (1999), com algumas modificações. Foram avaliadas a concentração de substrato (piruvato) que fornece velocidade inicial igual à metade da velocidade máxima de reação (K M) e velocidade máxima de reação (Vmáx), bem como a atividade da enzima ALS na presença do inibidor (pyrazosulfuron-ethyl). Diante dos resultados, pode-se observar que a resistência de C. difformis a pyrazosulfuron-ethyl é decorrente da insensibilidade da enzima ALS ao herbicida, não acarretando, porém, prejuízo aos parâmetros cinéticos K M e Vmáx da enzima ALS.<br>Cyperus difformis L. is a weed that occurs in flooded rice, which has presented difficulty in controlling due to the resistance to ALS inhibiting herbicides. The objectives of this research were to investigate kinetic characteristics of ALS enzyme from C. difformis biotypes and to determine the biochemical bases of resistance from the species to pyrazosulfuron-ethyl herbicide. For that, experiments were conducted at the BIOAGRO/UFV laboratory. The method used was based on the methodology used by CAREY et al. (1997) and adapted by VARGAS et al. (1999), with some modifications. It was evaluated substratum concentration (pyruvate) that provides initial velocity equal to half the speed reaction (K M) and maximum velocity of reaction (Vmáx), as well the activity of the ALS enzyme in the presence of the inhibitor (pyrazosulfuron-ethyl). According to the results, it is possible to observe that C. difformis resistance to pyrazosulfuron-ethyl is due to the insensibility of the ALS enzyme to the herbicide, however without penalty to K M and Vmáx kinetic parameters of the ALS enzyme