Factors Related to The Visit of Children Under Five in Obesi Village Integrated Healthcare Center

The integrated healthcare center is a form of community-based health effort for monitoring the health and growth of toddlers as a strategy to reduce health problems, especially the toddler mortality rate. Mother’s behavior to visit integrated healthcare center is influenced by various factors. This study aims to analyze the factors related to the visit of children under five. This is an analytical study with a cross-sectional study design. This research was conducted in two integrated healthcare centers in Obesi Village in March 2020. The population of this study is 123 mothers. The sample size in this study was calculated using the Slovin formula obtained 95 mothers. Then sample calculation for each integrated healthcare center was carried out using the proportional simple random sampling formula. The data were collected using questionnaires and then analyzed using the chi-square test with a confidence level of 95% % . The results showed that maternal knowledge (p-value = 1,000), maternal attitude (p-value = 1,000), maternal occupation (p-value = 0,475), attitude of health workers (p-value = 1,000) are not related to the visits of children under five. But integrated healthcare center distance (p-value = 0,012) and husband’s support are related to the visits of children under five 2019 (p-value = 0,019). This study shows that the visits of children under five to integrated healthcare center is influenced by various factors, therefore it is recommended to the community and various related parties to support mothers of children under five in making visits to the integrated healthcare center

Linear Temperature Variation of the Penetration Depth in YBCO Thin Films

We have measured the penetration depth $\lambda(T)$ on $\rm YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{7}$ thin films from transmission at 120, 330 and 510~GHz, between 5 and 50~K. Our data yield simultaneously the absolute value and the temperature dependence of $\lambda(T)$. In high quality films $\lambda(T)$ exhibits the same linear temperature dependence as single crystals, showing its intrinsic nature, and $\lambda(0)=1750\,{\rm \AA}$. In a lower quality one, the more usual $T^2$ dependence is found, and $\lambda(0)=3600\,{\rm \AA}$. This suggests that the $T^2$ variation is of extrinsic origin. Our results put the $d$-wave like interpretation in a much better position.Comment: 12 pages, revtex, 4 uuencoded figure

Case Based Reasoning Untuk Mendiagnosa Penyakit Anak Menggunakan Metode Block City

The Case Based Reasoning (CBR) method is one of the methods to build a system that works by diagnosing new cases based on old cases that have occurred and providing solutions to new cases based on old cases with the highest similarity values. In this study, the authors apply CBR to diagnose diseases of children aged 1-12 years. Sources of system knowledge were obtained by collecting patient medical record files in 2014 and 2015. The calculation of similarity values using the Block City Gower method with a fairness value is 70%. This system can diagnose 10 illnesses based on 48 existing symptoms. The output of the system in the form of the illness experienced by the patient based on symptoms implanted by non-physician medical personnel, handling solution and presentation similarities with the previous case to show the truth level of the diagnosis. Based on the test of 83 new cases obtained system accuracy of 75,90%

Inverse Spin Hall Effect in nanometer-thick YIG/Pt system

High quality nanometer-thick (20 nm, 7 nm and 4 nm) epitaxial YIG films have been grown on GGG substrates using pulsed laser deposition. The Gilbert damping coefficient for the 20 nm thick films is 2.3 x 10-4 which is the lowest value reported for sub-micrometric thick films. We demonstrate Inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) detection of propagating spin waves using Pt. The amplitude and the lineshape of the ISHE voltage correlate well to the increase of the Gilbert damping when decreasing thickness of YIG. Spin Hall effect based loss-compensation experiments have been conducted but no change in the magnetization dynamics could be detected

Further investigation of confirmed urinary tract infection (UTI) in children under five years: a systematic review.

Background: Further investigation of confirmed UTI in children aims to prevent renal scarring and future complications. Methods: We conducted a systematic review to determine the most effective approach to the further investigation of confirmed urinary tract infection (UTI) in children under five years of age. Results: 73 studies were included. Many studies had methodological limitations or were poorly reported. Effectiveness of further investigations: One study found that routine imaging did not lead to a reduction in recurrent UTIs or renal scarring. Diagnostic accuracy: The studies do not support the use of less invasive tests such as ultrasound as an alternative to renal scintigraphy, either to rule out infection of the upper urinary tract (LR- = 0.57, 95%CI: 0.47, 0.68) and thus to exclude patients from further investigation or to detect renal scarring (LR+ = 3.5, 95% CI: 2.5, 4.8). None of the tests investigated can accurately predict the development of renal scarring. The available evidence supports the consideration of contrast-enhanced ultrasound techniques for detecting vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR), as an alternative to micturating cystourethrography (MCUG) (LR+ = 14.1, 95% CI: 9.5, 20.8; LR- = 0.20, 95%CI: 0.13, 0.29); these techniques have the advantage of not requiring exposure to ionising radiation. Conclusion: There is no evidence to support the clinical effectiveness of routine investigation of children with confirmed UTI. Primary research on the effectiveness, in terms of improved patient outcome, of testing at all stages in the investigation of confirmed urinary tract infection is urgently required

Determination of no-observed effect level (NOEL)-biomarker equivalents to interpret biomonitoring data for organophosphorus pesticides in children

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Environmental exposure to organophosphorus pesticides has been characterized in various populations, but interpretation of these data from a health risk perspective remains an issue. The current paper proposes biological reference values to help interpret biomonitoring data related to an exposure to organophosphorus pesticides in children for which measurements of alkylphosphate metabolites are available.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Published models describing the kinetics of malathion and chlorpyrifos in humans were used to determine no-observed effect level – biomarker equivalents for methylphosphates and ethylphosphates, respectively. These were expressed in the form of cumulative urinary amounts of alkylphosphates over specified time periods corresponding to an absorbed no-observed effect level dose (derived from a published human exposure dose) and assuming various plausible exposure scenarios. Cumulative amounts of methylphosphate and ethylphosphate metabolites measured in the urine of a group of Quebec children were then compared to the proposed biological reference values.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>From a published no-observed effect level dose for malathion and chlorpyrifos, the model predicts corresponding oral biological reference values for methylphosphate and ethylphosphate derivatives of 106 and 52 nmol/kg of body weight, respectively, in 12-h nighttime urine collections, and dermal biological reference values of 40 and 32 nmol/kg of body weight. Out of the 442 available urine samples, only one presented a methylphosphate excretion exceeding the biological reference value established on the basis of a dermal exposure scenario and none of the methylphosphate and ethylphosphate excretion values were above the obtained oral biological reference values, which reflect the main exposure route in children.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This study is a first step towards the development of biological guidelines for organophophorus pesticides using a toxicokinetic modeling approach, which can be used to provide a health-based interpretation of biomonitoring data in the general population.</p