Formalizing a Discrete Model of the Continuum in Coq from a Discrete Geometry Perspective

International audienceThis work presents a formalization of the discrete model of the continuum introduced by Harthong and Reeb, the Harthong-Reeb line. This model was at the origin of important developments in the Discrete Geometry field. The formalization is based on previous work by Chollet, Fuchs et al. where it was shown that the Harthong-Reeb line satisfies the axioms for constructive real numbers introduced by Bridges. Laugwitz-Schmieden numbers are then introduced and their limitations with respect to being a model of the Harthong-Reeb line is investigated. In this paper, we transpose all these definitions and properties into a formal description using the Coq proof assistant. We also show that Laugwitz-Schmieden numbers can be used to actually compute continuous functions. We hope that this work could improve techniques for both implementing numeric computations and reasoning about them in geometric systems

Nomogram Predicting the Likelihood of Parametrial Involvement in Early-Stage Cervical Cancer: Avoiding Unjustified Radical Hysterectomies

Background: We aimed to establish a tool predicting parametrial involvement (PI) in patients with early-stage cervical cancer and select a sub-group of patients who would most benefit from a less radical surgery. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients from two prospective multicentric databases—SENTICOL I and II—from 2005 to 2012. Patients with early-stage cervical cancer (FIGO 2018 IA with lympho-vascular involvement to IIA1), undergoing radical surgery (hysterectomy or trachelectomy) with bilateral sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping with no metastatic node or PI on pre-operative imaging, were included. Results: In total, 5.2% patients (11/211) presented a histologic PI. After univariate analysis, SLN status, lympho-vascular space invasion, deep stromal invasion and tumor size were significantly associated with PI and were included in our nomogram. Our predictive model had an AUC of 0.92 (IC95% = 0.86–0.98) and presented a good calibration. A low risk group, defined according to the optimal sensitivity and specificity, presented a predicted probability of PI of 2%. Conclusion: Patients could benefit from a two-step approach. Final surgery (i.e. radical surgery and/or lymphadenectomy) would depend on the SLN status and the probability PI calculated after an initial conization with bilateral SLN mapping

A new 3MW ECRH system at 105 GHz for WEST

The aim of the WEST experiments is to master long plasma pulses (1000s) and expose ITER-like tungsten wall to deposited heat fluxes up to 10 MW/m$^2$. To increase the margin to reach the H-Mode and to control W-impurities in the plasma, the installation of an upgraded ECRH heating system, with a gyrotron performance of 1MW/1000s per unit, is planned in 2023. With the modifications of Tore Supra to WEST, simulations at a magnetic field B$_0$∼3.7T and a central density n$_{e0}$∼6 × 10$^{19}$ m$^{−3}$ show that the optimal frequency for central absorption is 105 GHz. For this purpose, a 105 GHz/1MW gyrotron (TH1511) has been designed at KIT in 2021, based on the technological design of the 140 GHz/1.5 MW (TH1507U) gyrotron for W7-X. Currently, three units are under fabrication at THALES. In the first phase of the project, some of the previous Tore Supra Electron Cyclotron (EC) system components will be re-installed and re-used whenever possible. This paper describes the studies performed to adapt the new ECRH system to 105 GHz and the status of the modifications necessary to re-start the system with a challenging schedule

Comparative study of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with and without Zometa for management of locally advanced breast cancer with serum VEGF as primary endpoint: The NEOZOL study

Introduction Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has become the treatment of choice for locally advanced breast cancer. Zoledronic acid (ZA) is a bisphosphonate initially used in the treatment of bone metastases because of its antibone resorption effect. Antitumor effects of ZA, including the inhibition of cell adhesion to mineralized bone or the antiangiogenic effect, have been demonstrated. However, the clinical significance of these effects remains to be determined. Materials and Methods We undertook a multicenter open-label randomized trial to analyze the value of adding ZA to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for TNM clinical stage T2/T3 breast cancer. The primary endpoint was the evolution of serum VEGF. Results The data from 24 patients were included in the ZA group and 26 in the control group. The evolution of serum VEGF was slightly in favor of ZA at 5.5 months (−0.7% vs. +7.5%), without reaching statistical significance (P = .52). The secondary endpoints were the breast conservation rate (higher with ZA; 83.3% vs. 65.4%; P = NS), pathologic complete response (no effect), and circulating tumor cells (odds ratio, 0.68 in favor of ZA; 95% confidence interval, 0.02-24.36). No cases of jaw necrosis or severe renal failure were observed in either group. Conclusion ZA is an antitumor drug of interest because of its multiple effects on tumor biology. Larger trials with longer follow-up that include additional endpoints such as relapse and survival rates would be of interest

Soins vétérinaires populaires en pays peul. Le cas de la trypanosomiase animale

International audienceCet article s'intéresse aux connaissances et aux techniques vétérinaires populaires des populations peules du Sénégal dans le cas trypanosomiase animale. L'intégration de la recherche anthropologique à un travail de botanique permet d'étudier les soins vétérinaires peuls et leur pharmacopée sans désectoriser des éléments qui sont en réalité indissociables. Les auteurs proposent une anthropologie bioculturelle de la pharmacopée locale en s'intéressant aux ressources naturelles, culturelles et symboliques mobilisées par ce groupe de pasteurs dans le cas de la détresse animale

The Clinical Impact of Low-Volume Lymph Nodal Metastases in Early-Stage Cervical Cancer: The Senticol 1 and Senticol 2 Trials

Background: With the development of the sentinel node technique in early-stage cervical cancer, it is imperative to define the clinical significance of micrometastases (MICs) and isolated tumor cells (ITCs). Methods: We included all patients who participated in the Senticol 1 and Senticol 2 studies. We analyzed the factors associated with the presence of low-volume metastasis, the oncological outcomes of patients with MIC and ITC and the correlation of recurrences and risk factors. Results: Twenty-four patients (7.5%) had low-volume metastasis. The risk factors associated with the presence of low-volume metastasis were a higher stage (p = 0.02) and major stromal invasion (p = 0.01) in the univariate analysis. The maximum specificity and sensitivity were found at a cutoff of 8 mm of stromal invasion. In multivariate analysis, the higher stage (p = 0.02) and the positive lymphovascular space invasion (p = 0.02) were significantly associated with the MIC and ITC. Patients with low-volume metastasis had similar disease-free survival (DFS) (92.7%) to node-negative patients (93.6%). The addition of adjuvant treatment in presence of low-volume metastasis did not modify the DFS. Conclusions: These results confirm our previous analysis of Senticol 1: the presence of low-volume metastasis did not decrease the DFS in early-stage cervical cancer patients

Identification and molecular analysis of BANP

International audienc

Some representations of real numbers using integer sequences

The paper describes three models of the real field based on subsets of the integer sequences. The three models are compared to the Harthong-Reeb line. Two of the new models, contrary to the Harthong-Reeb line, provide accurate integer "views" on real numbers at a sequence of growing scales B^n (B ≥ 2)

Some representations of real numbers using integer sequences

The paper describes three models of the real field based on subsets of the integer sequences. The three models are compared to the Harthong-Reeb line. Two of the new models, contrary to the Harthong-Reeb line, provide accurate integer "views" on real numbers at a sequence of growing scales B^n (B ≥ 2)

Some representations of real numbers using integer sequences

The paper describes three models of the real field based on subsets of the integer sequences. The three models are compared to the Harthong-Reeb line. Two of the new models, contrary to the Harthong-Reeb line, provide accurate integer "views" on real numbers at a sequence of growing scales B^n (B ≥ 2)