2,253 research outputs found
Spin glass freezing in Kondo lattice compounds
It is presented a theory that describes a spin glass phase at finite
temperatures in Kondo lattice systems with an additional RKKY interaction
represented by long range, random couplings among localized spins like in the
Sherrington- Kirkpatrick (SK) spin glass model. The problem is studied within
the functional integral formalism where the spin operators are represented by
bilinear combinations of fermionic (anticommuting) Grassmann variables. The
Kondo and spin glass transitions are both described with the mean field like
static ansatz that reproduces good results in the two well known limits. At
high temperatures and low values of the Kondo coupling there is a paramagnetic
(disordered) phase with vanishing Kondo and spin glass order parameters. By
lowering the temperature a second order transition line is found at Tsg to a
spin glass phase. For larger values of the Kondo coupling there is a second
order transition line at roughly Tk to a Kondo ordered state. For T<Tsg the
transition between the Kondo and spin glass phases becomes first order.Comment: 21 pages, 1 figure, to appear on Phys. Rev.
A van Hemmen-Kondo model for disordered strongly correlated electron systems
We present here a theoretical model in order to describe the competition
between the Kondo effect and the spin glass behavior. The spin glass part of
the starting Hamiltonian contains Ising spins with an intersite exchange
interaction given by the local van Hemmen model, while the Kondo effect is
described as usual by the intrasite exchange . We obtain, for large
values, a Kondo phase and, for smaller values, a succession, with
decreasingComment: 14 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Spin Glass and antiferromagnetism in Kondo lattice disordered systems
The competition between spin glass (SG), antiferromagnetism (AF) and Kondo
effect is studied here in a model which consists of two Kondo sublattices with
a gaussian random interaction between spins in differents sublattices with an
antiferromagnetic mean Jo and standard deviation J. In the present approach
there is no hopping of the conduction electrons between the sublattices and
only spins in different sublattices can interact. The problem is formulated in
the path integral formalism where the spin operators are expressed as bilinear
combinations of Grassmann fields which can be solved at mean field level within
the static approximation and the replica symmetry ansatz. The obtained phase
diagram shows the sequence of phases SG, AF and Kondo state for increasing
Kondo coupling. This sequence agrees qualitatively with experimental data of
the Ce_{2} Au_{1-x} Co_{x} Si_{3} compound.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure, submitted to EPJ
Spin Glass and ferromagnetism in disordered Cerium compounds
The competition between spin glass, ferromagnetism and Kondo effect is
analysed here in a Kondo lattice model with an inter-site random coupling
between the localized magnetic moments given by a generalization of
the Mattis model which represents an interpolation between ferromagnetism and a
highly disordered spin glass. Functional integral techniques with Grassmann
fields have been used to obtain the partition function. The static
approximation and the replica symmetric ansatz have also been used. The
solution of the problem is presented as a phase diagram giving {\it
versus} where is the temperature, and are the
strengths of the intrasite Kondo and the intersite random couplings,
respectively. If is small, when temperature is decreased, there is a
second order transition from a paramagnetic to a spin glass phase. For lower
, a first order transition appears between the spin glass phase and a
region where there are Mattis states which are thermodynamically equivalent to
the ferromagnetism. For very low , the Mattis states become stable. On
the other hand, it is found as solution a Kondo state for large
values. These results can improve the theoretical description of the well known
experimental phase diagram of .Comment: 17 pages, 5 figures, accepted Phys. Rev.
Spin Glass and Ferromagnetism in Kondo lattices compounds
The Kondo lattice model has been analyzed in the presence of a random
inter-site interaction among localized spins with non zero mean Jo and standard
deviation J. Following the same framework previously introduced by us, the
problem is formulated in the path integral formalism where the spin operators
are expressed as bilinear combinations of Grassmann fields. The static
approximation and the replica symmetry ansatz have allowed us to solve the
problem at a mean field level. The resulting phase diagram displays several
phase transitions among a ferromagnetically ordered region,a spin glass one, a
mixed phase and a Kondo state depending on Jo, J and its relation with the
Kondo interaction coupling Jk. These results could be used to address part of
the experimental data for the CeNi_{1-x}Cu_x compound, when x =< 0.8.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures. accepted for publication in The European Physical
Journal
Fitotoxicidade causada por herbicidas na fase inicial de desenvolvimento da cultura do sorgo.
A utilização de herbicidas em pós-emergência inicial ou tardia em jato dirigido à cultura de sorgo cresceu muito com o aumento da área plantada da cultura. No entanto. estes herbicidas podem causar injúrias às plantas de sorgo, quando não são totalmente seletivos. Como esses herbicidas são basicamente bloqueadores de processos metabólicos, surge a dúvida sobre quais serão os efeitos dessas injúrias na produção final de grãos de sorgo. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o efeito da toxicidade à cultura causada pela aplicação de herbicidas na fase inicial e em pós-emergência tardia em jato dirigido e o seu efeito na produção de grãos. Este estudo foi conduzido durante os anos agrícolas 1994/95 e 1995/96, utilizando-se o híbrido BR 700, no delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso. com 12 tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram da aplicação da combinação dos seguintes herbicidas em diferentes doses: cyanazine + simazine com e sem óleo mineral, aplicados nos estádios de crescimentos de 4 e 6 folhas, e paraquat + espalhante adesivo e ametryn + óleo mineral, aplicados em jato dirigido no estádio de 12 folhas. Foram incluídas também testemunhas com e sem capina, além da retirada mecânica das folhas do Iº, 2º e 3º pares de folhas. Foram avaliados área foliar, peso da matéria seca da parte aérea. teor de clorofila nas folhas, altura da planta, diâmetro do colmo, estande, peso de 1.000 grãos, peso de panículas e produção de grãos. A aplicação de cyanazine + simazine + óleo mineral, no estádio de 4 folhas, reduziu drasticamente o estande das plantas de sorgo, nos dois períodos avaliados. O desenvolvimento das plantas, medido pela área foliar e pelo diâmetro do caule, foi pouco afetado, sendo os piores desempenhos verificados na testemunha sem capina e com a aplicação da mistura cyanazine + simazine. A redução no estande afetou diretamente a produção de panículas e de grãos. Os tratamentos que proporcionaram os mais altos rendimentos foram: paraquat + espalhante adesivo, ametryn + óleo mineral, retirada mecânica de folhas e cyanazine + simazine aplicados no estádio de 6 folhas. À exceção do tratamento cyanazine + simazine aplicado no estádio de 4 folhas, o uso de herbicidas em pós-emergência inicial e área total na cultura do sorgo mostrou-se seletiva. Mesmo quando houve injúrias, decorrentes da ação dos herbicidas, elas não foram suficientes para prejudicar a produção. O bom controle das plantas daninhas proveniente do uso dos herbicidas possibilitou ao sorgo expressar melhor seu potencial produtivo
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