Isolamento de Corynebacterium aquaticum em leite bubalino

548 udder abubaline quarters were studied, clinical exam, CMT to mastitis detection and collection samples to bacteriology isolament realized. Corynebacterium aquaticum grew in two samples and were characterized by biochemical analisis. In this paper we reported the agent participation in udder colonization and the possibility of buffaloes infections mastitis.Estudou-se 548 quartos mamários de búfalas, realizando-se exame clínico, CMT para detecção de mastite e coleta de amostras para isolamento bacteriano. Houve crescimento em duas amostras de Corynebacterium aquaticum caracterizadas bioquimicamente. Relata-se a participação do agente como colonizador do úbere e possível causador de mastites em bubalinos

COMPARAÇÃO DO ESTILO DE VIDA DE ACADÊMICOS INGRESSANTES E CONCLUINTES DA ÁREA DA SAÚDE DE UMA FACULDADE DA REGIÃO CENTRAL DE GOIÂNIA

The aim of this study was to analyze the lifestyle profile of new academics and senior students in health courses at a faculty in central Goiânia. The instrument used for data collection was the Pentacle “Wellbeing” Questionnaire developed and approved by Nahas, Barros and Francalacci (2000). The survey consisted of 193 participants who answered fifteen closed questions related to five domains: nutrition, physical activity, preventive behavior, social relationship and stress control. Data analysis was performed from mean ± standard, where ANOVA 3 x 2 compared the beginners and graduates averages, and between courses, adopting the significance level of P <0.05. In a general analysis, the results show regular indices for all components. The Physical Activity component was superior among the aspiring graduates of Physical Education professionals, while the Preventive Behavior showed superior behavior in Nursing graduates. Some components showed significant differences between new academics and seniors (physical activity, preventive behavior, and relationship). Thus, it is concluded that the answers differ partially from the hypothesis initially postulated, since it was expected that graduates would have a higher prevalence of favorable health promotion behaviors, since they acquired theoretical and practical information during the course about the importance of healthy habits.O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o perfil do estilo de vida de acadêmicos ingressantes e concluintes em cursos da área da saúde em uma faculdade da região central de Goiânia.  O instrumento utilizado para coleta de dados foi o Questionário Pentáculo do bem-estar desenvolvido e aprovado por Nahas, Barros e Francalacci (2000). A pesquisa foi composta por 193 participantes que responderam quinze questões fechadas relacionadas a cinco domínios: nutrição, atividade física, comportamento preventivo, relacionamento social e controle do estresse. A análise dos dados foi realizada a partir de média ± padrão, onde ANOVA 3 x 2 comparou as médias de iniciantes e concluintes, e entre cursos, sendo adotado o nível de significância de P < 0.05. Em uma análise geral, os resultados demostram índices regulares para todos os componentes. O componente Atividade Física foi superior dentre os concluintes aspirantes a profissionais de Educação Física, enquanto que o Comportamento Preventivo demonstrou superior comportamento em concluintes de Enfermagem. Alguns componentes apresentaram diferenças significativas entre ingressantes e concluintes (atividade física, comportamento preventivo, e relacionamento). Dessa forma, conclui-se que as respostas diferem parcialmente da hipótese inicialmente postulada, pois era esperado que concluintes tivessem maior prevalência de comportamentos favoráveis à promoção de saúde, uma vez que adquiriram informações teóricas e práticas durante o curso sobre a importância de hábitos saudáveis

150 YEARS ON CANCER CHALLENGING: WHAT DOES IT MEAN, WHERE ARE WE?

Abstract: Introduction: Cancer comes from Latin language where it means crab. Onco comes from Greek language meaning mass, bulk or tumor. Tumors are classified on biological features as low-grade, intermediate or high-grade malignancy according to tumor cell differentiation. There have been about three hundred thousands of new cancer cases reported per year in Brazil. Tumorigenesis mechanisms, complexity and conflicts: Cancer has been considered a genetic disease caused by mutations in genes governing cell growth or chromosomal events as amplifications, deletions, inversions or translocations. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been considered associated with cancer. It has been identified 1.42 million polymorphisms in the human genome. Epigenetic gene modulation may be a key mechanism in cancer development and metastasis. Chromatin-histone complex may be modified by phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation and/or ADP-ribosylation. MicroRNAs may be incorporated in mRNA targets and influence several biological processes as development, differentiation and apoptosis. Apoptosis is a way cells undergo programm deaths by activation of extrinsic cell surface death-mediating receptor, activation of mitochondrial mediated intrinsic pathway or non-apoptotic forms of cell death. In cancer there seems be failure, loss or absence of forms of cell death and overactivation of kinase growth factor receptors. Treatment and Prevention: Surgery is the better method to cure patients with solid tumors confined to local disease. Ionizing radiation may be administered as an isolated local form of cure, but also to extend limits of a treated region. Prevention depends on educational strategies, chemopreventive agents or early diagnosis for solid tumors. Advanced forms of cancer presentation are rarely cured and depend on combination of surgery, irradiation, chemotherapy and biological agents. Conclusion: At 150 years on cancer challenging, we do not know what it does really mean, nor even cure, effective treatment or prevention has been achieved. Descriptors: Cancer a non solved problem. Tumorigenesis complex and conflicts mechanisms. Cancer treatment and prevention

Qualidade de ovos de galinha comercializados em Barreiras, BA, estocados em diferentes condições de temperatura

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade interna de ovos vermelhos de galinha de granja comercial e de tipo caipira, mantidos sob diferentes condições de refrigeração e comercializados em supermercados, mercados de bairros e na feira livre de Barreiras, Bahia. Foram adquiridos, semanalmente (sempre no mesmo dia), 60 ovos, simulando um consumidor padrão, sendo 24 ovos vermelhos de granja comercial de dois supermercados, 24 ovos vermelhos de granja comercial de dois mercados de bairro e 12 ovos tipo caipira da feira livre. Os ovos obtidos nos diferentes estabelecimentos foram estocados sob refrigeração no fundo e na porta de um refrigerador doméstico e em temperatura ambiente. A avaliação da qualidade dos ovos foi realizada pelas determinações de peso médio do ovo, altura de albúmen, unidade Haugh, percentual do albúmene da gema. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância segundo delineamento inteiramente casualizado, considerando como significativos os valores da probabilidade do valor de F menor que 5%. Com base na qualidade interna dos ovos, concluiu-se que os mercadinhos foram os locais com a menor qualidade dos ovos comercializados, enquanto os supermercados e a feira livre mostraram maior qualidade. O ambiente refrigerado mostrou-se como o local mais adequado para a manutenção da qualidade de ovos armazenados por um período de até 14 dias

150 YEARS ON CANCER CHALLENGING: WHAT DOES IT MEAN, WHERE ARE WE?

Abstract: Introduction: Cancer comes from Latin language where it means crab. Onco comes from Greek language meaning mass, bulk or tumor. Tumors are classified on biological features as low-grade, intermediate or high-grade malignancy according to tumor cell differentiation. There have been about three hundred thousands of new cancer cases reported per year in Brazil. Tumorigenesis mechanisms, complexity and conflicts: Cancer has been considered a genetic disease caused by mutations in genes governing cell growth or chromosomal events as amplifications, deletions, inversions or translocations. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been considered associated with cancer. It has been identified 1.42 million polymorphisms in the human genome. Epigenetic gene modulation may be a key mechanism in cancer development and metastasis. Chromatin-histone complex may be modified by phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation and/or ADP-ribosylation. MicroRNAs may be incorporated in mRNA targets and influence several biological processes as development, differentiation and apoptosis. Apoptosis is a way cells undergo programm deaths by activation of extrinsic cell surface death-mediating receptor, activation of mitochondrial mediated intrinsic pathway or non-apoptotic forms of cell death. In cancer there seems be failure, loss or absence of forms of cell death and overactivation of kinase growth factor receptors. Treatment and Prevention: Surgery is the better method to cure patients with solid tumors confined to local disease. Ionizing radiation may be administered as an isolated local form of cure, but also to extend limits of a treated region. Prevention depends on educational strategies, chemopreventive agents or early diagnosis for solid tumors. Advanced forms of cancer presentation are rarely cured and depend on combination of surgery, irradiation, chemotherapy and biological agents. Conclusion: At 150 years on cancer challenging, we do not know what it does really mean, nor even cure, effective treatment or prevention has been achieved. Descriptors: Cancer a non solved problem. Tumorigenesis complex and conflicts mechanisms. Cancer treatment and prevention

Vaginose bacteriana – avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana seletiva de gel de Schinus terebinthifolia raddi

O microbioma vaginal sofre contínua flutuação durante o ciclo menstrual e após a menopausa. Albert Döderlein foi o primeiro a descrever sobre bactérias produtoras de ácido láctico na cavidade vaginal. Tais bactérias são capazes de inibir o crescimento de microrganismos anaeróbios e patogênicos. Quando há a redução desses lactobacilos, há proliferação de bactérias oportunistas como as do gênero Gardnerella. A vaginose bacteriana (VB) é uma patologia não sexualmente transmissível, caracterizada pelo aumento do número de bactérias anaeróbias e do pH vaginal, ocasionando um corrimento vaginal acinzentado e de odor fétido. A prevalência estimada é alta, no entanto a cura efetiva e duradoura é ainda incerta. Essa falha em tratar adequadamente tem motivado a busca de alternativas terapêuticas, que consigam tratar e prevenir as possíveis recidivas da patologia1. No Brasil, a espécie Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi (aroeira-da-praia) é bem conhecida, e um ensaio clínico mostrou sua atuação de forma eficaz no tratamento da VB, bem como a recomposição da microbiota vaginal. O presente estudo tem por objetivo determinar a capacidade do gel de Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi em inibir o crescimento dos microrganismos Lactobacillus gasseri ATCC 19992 e Gardnerella vaginalis ATCC 14018. Foram usados Lactobacillus gasseri ATCC 19992 e Gardnerella vaginalis ATCC 14018. As culturas de trabalho foram produzidas com incubação a 36°±1°C por 24 horas. Foram efetuados pequenos poços nas placas com meio de cultura, onde a amostra teste foi inoculada. As placas foram incubadas por 48 horas a temperatura de 30°C. Não foi observado halo de inibição contra L. gasseri, enquanto que foi observado halo de inibição contra G. vaginalis. Tais dados, demonstram que o gel de Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi tem ação anaerobicida contra um dos principais microrganismos causadores da VB e, ao mesmo tempo, não apresenta nenhuma alteração na formação das colônias de L. gasseri, um dos lactobacilos da microbiota vaginal

Geography and ecology shape the phylogenetic composition of Amazonian tree communities

Aim: Amazonia hosts more tree species from numerous evolutionary lineages, both young and ancient, than any other biogeographic region. Previous studies have shown that tree lineages colonized multiple edaphic environments and dispersed widely across Amazonia, leading to a hypothesis, which we test, that lineages should not be strongly associated with either geographic regions or edaphic forest types. Location: Amazonia. Taxon: Angiosperms (Magnoliids; Monocots; Eudicots). Methods: Data for the abundance of 5082 tree species in 1989 plots were combined with a mega-phylogeny. We applied evolutionary ordination to assess how phylogenetic composition varies across Amazonia. We used variation partitioning and Moran\u27s eigenvector maps (MEM) to test and quantify the separate and joint contributions of spatial and environmental variables to explain the phylogenetic composition of plots. We tested the indicator value of lineages for geographic regions and edaphic forest types and mapped associations onto the phylogeny. Results: In the terra firme and várzea forest types, the phylogenetic composition varies by geographic region, but the igapó and white-sand forest types retain a unique evolutionary signature regardless of region. Overall, we find that soil chemistry, climate and topography explain 24% of the variation in phylogenetic composition, with 79% of that variation being spatially structured (R$^{2}$ = 19% overall for combined spatial/environmental effects). The phylogenetic composition also shows substantial spatial patterns not related to the environmental variables we quantified (R$^{2}$ = 28%). A greater number of lineages were significant indicators of geographic regions than forest types. Main Conclusion: Numerous tree lineages, including some ancient ones (>66 Ma), show strong associations with geographic regions and edaphic forest types of Amazonia. This shows that specialization in specific edaphic environments has played a long-standing role in the evolutionary assembly of Amazonian forests. Furthermore, many lineages, even those that have dispersed across Amazonia, dominate within a specific region, likely because of phylogenetically conserved niches for environmental conditions that are prevalent within regions

Geographic patterns of tree dispersal modes in Amazonia and their ecological correlates

Aim: To investigate the geographic patterns and ecological correlates in the geographic distribution of the most common tree dispersal modes in Amazonia (endozoochory, synzoochory, anemochory and hydrochory). We examined if the proportional abundance of these dispersal modes could be explained by the availability of dispersal agents (disperser-availability hypothesis) and/or the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits (resource-availability hypothesis). Time period: Tree-inventory plots established between 1934 and 2019. Major taxa studied: Trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 9.55 cm. Location: Amazonia, here defined as the lowland rain forests of the Amazon River basin and the Guiana Shield. Methods: We assigned dispersal modes to a total of 5433 species and morphospecies within 1877 tree-inventory plots across terra-firme, seasonally flooded, and permanently flooded forests. We investigated geographic patterns in the proportional abundance of dispersal modes. We performed an abundance-weighted mean pairwise distance (MPD) test and fit generalized linear models (GLMs) to explain the geographic distribution of dispersal modes. Results: Anemochory was significantly, positively associated with mean annual wind speed, and hydrochory was significantly higher in flooded forests. Dispersal modes did not consistently show significant associations with the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits. A lower dissimilarity in dispersal modes, resulting from a higher dominance of endozoochory, occurred in terra-firme forests (excluding podzols) compared to flooded forests. Main conclusions: The disperser-availability hypothesis was well supported for abiotic dispersal modes (anemochory and hydrochory). The availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits seems an unlikely explanation for the distribution of dispersal modes in Amazonia. The association between frugivores and the proportional abundance of zoochory requires further research, as tree recruitment not only depends on dispersal vectors but also on conditions that favour or limit seedling recruitment across forest types