Peixes ornamentais exóticos introduzidos em corpos d’água na Mata Atlântica, Brasil

Specimens of Puntius arulius, P. ticto, P. titteya, P. oligolepis, Nannostomus beckfordi, Poecilia latipinna, P. velifera, Trichogaster pectoralis, and Betta splendens were recorded in the largest ornamental aquaculture center in Brazil. These fishes were introduced in the study sites by accidental escape and intentional release. There is evidence that six species are reproducing. Measures are proposed to prevent further spread of ornamental exotic fishes in the region. Key words: Brazil, species introduction, exotic fishes, ornamental aquaculture.Exemplares de Puntius arulius, P. ticto, P. titteya, P. oligolepis, Nannostomus beckfordi, Poecilia latipinna, P. velifera, Trichogaster pectoralis e Betta splendens foram registrados no maior centro de piscicultura ornamental do Brasil. Estes peixes alcançaram os locais de estudo devido a fugas acidentais e liberação intencional. Há evidências de que seis espécies estejam se reproduzindo. Medidas são propostas para se prevenir futuras introduções de peixes ornamentais exóticos na região. Palavras-chave: Brasil, fugas, peixes exóticos, piscicultura ornamental

Illegal trade on non-native amphibians and reptiles in southeast Brazil: the status of e-commerce

Illegal trade on non-native amphibians and reptiles in southeast Brazil: the status of e-commerc

Peixes ornamentais exóticos introduzidos em corpos d’água na Mata Atlântica, Brasil

Specimens of Puntius arulius, P. ticto, P. titteya, P. oligolepis, Nannostomus beckfordi, Poecilia latipinna, P. velifera, Trichogaster pectoralis, and Betta splendens were recorded in the largest ornamental aquaculture center in Brazil. These fishes were introduced in the study sites by accidental escape and intentional release. There is evidence that six species are reproducing. Measures are proposed to prevent further spread of ornamental exotic fishes in the region. Key words: Brazil, species introduction, exotic fishes, ornamental aquaculture.Exemplares de Puntius arulius, P. ticto, P. titteya, P. oligolepis, Nannostomus beckfordi, Poecilia latipinna, P. velifera, Trichogaster pectoralis e Betta splendens foram registrados no maior centro de piscicultura ornamental do Brasil. Estes peixes alcançaram os locais de estudo devido a fugas acidentais e liberação intencional. Há evidências de que seis espécies estejam se reproduzindo. Medidas são propostas para se prevenir futuras introduções de peixes ornamentais exóticos na região. Palavras-chave: Brasil, fugas, peixes exóticos, piscicultura ornamental

Novidade no mercado, novidade no ambiente: invasão do peixe não nativo acará onça no nordeste do Brasil

In Brazil, more than 150 non-native fish species have been introduced either intentionally or unintentionally, mainly due to aquaculture, fishery improvement and ornamental trade. The non-native jaguar guapote Parachromis managuensis was recorded in two artificial ponds, four rivers, one stream and two reservoirs, ecosystems belonging to the Una, Ipojuca, Capibaribe and Pajeú River basins, Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil. The sampling period was between October 2006 and July 2015. A total of 376 individuals of P. managuensis was captured by seines, casting nets and gillnets. This species may have been introduced in the study sites by accidental release during pond drainage in fish farms, stocking for the purpose of animal protein production or by aquarium dumping. The presence of various ontogenetic life stages in all studied environments is a strong evidence that the species is established. Seven management actions are proposed to prevent further introductions of P. managuensis in other environments of the region.Keywords: exotic, bioinvasion, introduction, aquarism, freshwater fish.No Brasil, mais de 150 espécies de peixes não nativos foram introduzidas intencionalmente ou não, especialmente devido à aquicultura, pesca e aquarismo. A presença do peixe não nativo Parachromis managuensis, o acará onça, foi registrada em dois açudes, quatro rios, um córrego e duas barragens distribuídos nas bacias hidrográficas dos rios Una, Ipojuca, Capibaribe e Pajeú, no estado de Pernambuco, nordeste do Brasil. O período de amostragem ocorreu entre outubro/2006 e julho/2015. Um total de 376 indivíduos de P. managuensis foi capturado utilizando tarrafas, redes de arrasto e redes de espera. Esse peixe pode ter sido introduzido nos locais estudados por escape acidental durante a drenagem de viveiros de piscicultura, estocagem com a finalidade de produção de proteína animal e através do descarte de aquários. A presença de vários estágios ontogênicos em todos os ambientes estudados representa uma forte evidência de que a espécie está estabelecida. Ações de manejo são propostas para evitar novas introduções de P. managuensis em outros ambientes da região.Palavras-chave: exótica, bioinvasão, introdução, aquarismo, peixes de água doce

Protected areas: A focus on Brazilian freshwater biodiversity

Brazil has a variety of aquatic ecosystems and rich freshwater biodiversity, but these components have been constantly damaged by the expansion of unsustainable activities. An array of different conservation strategies is needed, especially the creation of protected areas (PAs, hereafter). However, Brazil's PAs are biased towards terrestrial ecosystems and we argue that current PAs have limited efficacy in the protection of freshwater biodiversity. New PAs should better consider aquatic environments, covering entire basins, rivers and other freshwater habitats. We recommend ways to implement these PAs and provide guidance to avoid social impacts. Freshwater systems in Brazil provide essential goods and services but these ecosystems are being rapidly degraded and will be lost if not adequately protected. © 2018 The Authors. Diversity and Distributions Published by John Wiley & Sons Lt

E-commerce of freshwater aquarium fishes: potential disseminator of exotic species in Brazil = Comércio eletrônico de peixes ornamentais de água doce: potencial dispersor de espécies exóticas no Brasil

The availability of freshwater aquarium fish species for sale was surveyed from July 2005 to June 2006 in Brazilian electronic commerce and the Orkut website. São Paulo was the leading state regarding virtual shops, auctions on Arremate/Mercado Livre, and hobbyists on Orkut, with 52, 44 and 46%, respectively. The Southeast and Southregions led the offer of pest species such as C. carpio, C. auratus and P. reticulata. Among the 07 species for sale, 14 species considered potential pests were identified, contrasting with only one page that warned about the dangers of aquarium dumping. The easy access to fish (especially the potential pest species) through e-commerce and Orkut, together with the low total price (unitary value + shipping and handling ranging from US$17.67 to 30.39), and fast interstate delivery (two-four days on average) confirm the widespread e-commerce accessibility and its high dispersal potential via postal services and home hobbyists trade. It is imperative to enforce the use of warnings or alert messages in e-commerce about thedangers of biological invasions. <br><br>A disponibilidade para venda de espécies de peixes ornamentais de água doce foi pesquisada de julho/2005 a junho/2006 no comércioeletrônico brasileiro e no site de relacionamentos Orkut. O Estado de São Paulo foi o principal em lojas virtuais, leilões no Arremate/Mercado Livre e aquaristas vendendo peixes no Orkut, com 52, 44 e 46$ 17,67 a 30,39) e rápido transporte interestadual (média de dois a quatro dias), confirma a ampla acessibilidade do comércio eletrônico e seu alto potencial de dispersão via correios e aquaristas amadores. É obrigação do comércio eletrônico por em execução o uso de avisos ou mensagens de alerta sobre os perigos das invasões biológicas

E-commerce of freshwater aquarium fishes: potential disseminator of exotic species in Brazil - doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v32i3.3919

The availability of freshwater aquarium fish species for sale was surveyed from July 2005 to June 2006 in Brazilian electronic commerce and the Orkut website. São Paulo was the leading state regarding virtual shops, auctions on Arremate/Mercado Livre, and hobbyists on Orkut, with 52, 44 and 46%, respectively. The Southeast and South regions led the offer of pest species such as C. carpio, C. auratus and P. reticulate. Among the 207 species for sale, 14 species considered potential pests were identified, contrasting with only one page that warned about the dangers of aquarium dumping. The easy access to fish (especially the potential pest species) through e-commerce and Orkut, together with the low total price (unitary value + shipping and handling ranging from US$17.67 to 30.39), and fast interstate delivery (two-four days on average) confirm the widespread e-commerce accessibility and its high dispersal potential via postal services and home hobbyists trade. It is imperative to enforce the use of warnings or alert messages in e-commerce about the dangers of biological invasions.The availability of freshwater aquarium fish species for sale was surveyed from July 2005 to June 2006 in Brazilian electronic commerce and the Orkut website. São Paulo was the leading state regarding virtual shops, auctions on Arremate/Mercado Livre, and hobbyists on Orkut, with 52, 44 and 46$ 17.67 to 30.39), and fast interstate delivery (two-four days on average) confirm the widespread e-commerce accessibility and its high dispersal potential via postal services and home hobbyists trade. It is imperative to enforce the use of warnings or alert messages in e-commerce about the dangers of biological invasions

Invasion risks posed by ornamental freshwater fish trade to southeastern Brazilian rivers

A model was developed to assess the risk of invasion of ornamental non-native fishes to six rivers in the state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil, with focus on species popularity. Thirty-nine aquarium shops, in six cities, were visited monthly from January to December 2007. In each city, fish species were identified, and their biology and invasion history information was obtained from the literature. We calculated the annual frequency of occurrence and average number of specimens monthly available in stores. Quarterly water temperature and dissolved oxygen data from 1997 to 2007 were obtained for the Velhas, Muria&#233;, Uberabinha, Sapuca&#237;-Mirim, Doce and Todos os Santos Rivers from public databases. The invasion risk of each species was assessed through a model comprising nine parameters grouped in four variables: (i) Invasiveness (thermal and dissolved oxygen ranges, diet, parental care or fecundity), (ii) History of invasions (establishment), (iii) Propagule pressure (commercial success, comprising annual frequency of occurrence and number of specimens available monthly at stores), and (iv) Invasibility (water temperature and dissolved oxygen in the target river compatible with the species ranges). Of the 345 ornamental fish species for sale, 332 are non-native to either Minas Gerais (n = 151) or Brazil (n = 194). Based on the proposed cutting values, in particular the compatibility between species and recipient thermal ranges, five ornamental non-native species (Cyprinus rubrofuscus, Carassius auratus, Xiphophorus hellerii, Poecilia reticulata, and P. latipinna) can potentially invade the Velhas and Muria&#233; Rivers, four species (Cyprinus rubrofuscus, Carassius auratus, X. helleri, and P. reticulata) the Uberabinha River, four species (Cyprinus rubrofuscus, Carassius auratus, X. maculatus, and P. reticulata) the Sapuca&#237;-Mirim River, three species (Carassius auratus, X. hellerii, and P. reticulata) the Doce River, and three species (Cyprinus rubrofuscus, P. reticulata, and Amatitlania nigrofasciata) can potentially invade the Todos os Santos River. Six recommendations are suggested to reduce the invasion risk of non-native fish on the rivers surveyed posed by aquarium trade.<br>Um modelo foi desenvolvido para avaliar o risco de invas&#227;o de peixes ornamentais n&#227;o-nativos em seis rios do estado de Minas Gerais, sudeste do Brasil, com foco na popularidade das esp&#233;cies. Trinta e nove lojas de aqu&#225;rio em seis cidades foram visitadas mensalmente de janeiro a dezembro de 2007. Em cada cidade, as esp&#233;cies foram identificadas e suas biologias e hist&#243;rias de invas&#227;o foram obtidas da literatura. Calculou-se a frequ&#234;ncia de ocorr&#234;ncia anual e quantidade m&#233;dia mensal de exemplares dispon&#237;veis nas lojas. Foram obtidas temperaturas trimestrais da &#225;gua e dados de oxig&#234;nio dissolvido de 1997 a 2007 dos rios Velhas, Muria&#233;, Uberabinha, Sapuca&#237;-Mirim, Doce e Todos os Santos a partir de bases de dados p&#250;blicas. O risco de invas&#227;o de cada esp&#233;cie foi avaliado atrav&#233;s de um modelo composto por nove par&#226;metros agrupados em quatro vari&#225;veis: (i) Invasividade (limite de alcance t&#233;rmico/oxig&#234;nio dissolvido, dieta, cuidado parental ou fecundidade), (ii) Hist&#243;rico de invas&#245;es (estabelecimento), (iii) Press&#227;o de prop&#225;gulos (sucesso comercial, composto pela frequ&#234;ncia de ocorr&#234;ncia anual e n&#250;mero de exemplares dispon&#237;veis mensalmente nas lojas), e (iv) Invasibilidade (temperatura da &#225;gua/oxig&#234;nio dissolvido dos rios compat&#237;vel com o limite de alcance t&#233;rmico/ oxig&#234;nio dissolvido das esp&#233;cies). Das 345 esp&#233;cies de peixes ornamentais para venda, 332 s&#227;o n&#227;o-nativos para Minas Gerais (n = 151) ou Brasil (n = 194). Com base nos valores de corte propostos, cinco esp&#233;cies de peixes ornamentais n&#227;o-nativos (Cyprinus rubrofuscus, Carassius auratus, Xiphophorus hellerii, Poecilia reticulata e P. latipinna) podem potencialmente invadir os rios Velhas e Muria&#233;, quatro esp&#233;cies (C. rubrofuscus, C. auratus, X. helleri, P. reticulata) podem invadir o rio Uberabinha, quatro esp&#233;cies selecionadas (Cyprinus rubrofuscus, Carassius auratus, X. maculatus e P. reticulata) podem invadir o rio Sapuca&#237;-Mirim, tr&#234;s esp&#233;cies (Carassius auratus, X. hellerii e P. reticulata) podem invadir o rio Doce, e tr&#234;s esp&#233;cies (Cyprinus rubrofuscus, P. reticulata e Amatitlania nigrofasciata) podem potencialmente invadir o rio Todos os Santos. Seis recomenda&#231;&#245;es s&#227;o sugeridas para reduzir o risco de invas&#227;o por peixes n&#227;o-nativos nos rios pesquisados, representado pelo com&#233;rcio de peixes ornamentai

An inconvenient routine: introduction, establishment and spread of new non-native fishes in the Paraíba do Sul River basin, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Uma rotina inconveniente: introdução, estabelecimento e disseminação de novos peixes não-nativos na bacia do rio Paraíba do Sul, estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Este estudo atualiza a introdução de espécies não-nativas, Nannostomus beckfordi, Aphyocharax anisitsi, Knodus moenkhausii, Moenkhausia costae, Ancistrus multispinis e Astronotus ocellatus no maior polo de piscicultura ornamental localizado na bacia do rio Paraíba do Sul, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Há evidências de que todas as espécies estão estabelecidas e que algumas já encontram-se povoando um reservatório na região. Recomendações como conscientização dos piscicultores e fiscalização das pisciculturas pelo IBAMA são sugeridas para evitar novas introduções e disseminação.This study updates the introduction of non-native fishes Nannostomus beckfordi, Aphyocharax anisitsi, Knodus moenkhausii, Moenkhausia costae, Ancistrus multispinis and Astronotus ocellatus in the largest ornamental aquaculture center located in Paraíba do Sul River basin, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. There is evidence that all species are established and that some are spreading to a reservoir in the region. Management actions such as awareness campaigns to educate fish farmers and the inspection of fish farms carried out by IBAMA officials are suggested to avoid new introductions and spread